Kiri

Estonia Policies as of 1 January 2026 Currency: euro ( € ; EUR ) Contact for technical questions Please provide the contact information of the person we should contact for any technical follow-up questions or clarifications. If multiple people updated the profile, please make a copy of the table below, and include contact details for each person. C.Name EST Name: Kristel Abel C.Title EST Title/position: Head of Communication C.Org EST Organization/Department: Estonian Social Insurance Board C.email EST Email: [email protected] C.phone EST Phone number: +372 52 87238 Guidelines for update Please review and edit the information to reflect any changes since the last update and correct any inaccuracies. If information is missing, please add a new row to the relevant tables and complete the information. If your system has seen major reforms and the tables are too burdensome, feel free to provide the information as free text by add ing a few paragraphs under the given table. If you have any doubts, feel free to reach out at [email protected] or consult the guidelines attached to the original mail. Technical note : You may notice that each table has several hidden columns to the left and to the right. Please do not edit these columns. They are used for internal reference. They assign each section, country, and programme a code so that we can import the information into our database. Profile s tructure The profiles are organized in six branches : Old age, disability and survivors Health and long-term care benefits Sickness and maternity Accidents at work and occupational diseases Unemployment Family and household benefits Each branch includes the following categories : Branch overview Regulatory framework Coverage Source of funds Benefit details Administrative organization Country n otes R.EN.C3.Reforms EST Has there been a reform 1 since the last profile update ? Choose an item Please add a brief description or refer to the adjusted tables (e.g. see changes under old age pension). 1 Reform refers to any significant change in the system. This may be to (1) system type (e.g. social insurance replaced social assistance), (2) paramaters (e.g. change in retirement age, qualifying period, benefit formula, etc.), (3) coverage, or (4) the range of benefits offered (e.g. new benefits introduced or old benefits discontinued), or other aspects. It would not include year-to-year adjustments in benefit amounts, minimums or maximums. Annex: Reference values (e.g. minimum wages, etc.) * This section w ill appear as an annex in the final publication. C2.Header blank Full description Periodicity (please select from list ) Type (please select from list ) Amount (on 1 January 2026 ) Is there a legal obligation to review (and if necessary adjust) the amount within a defined period for inflation, cost of living, etc.? Additional information (if needed) Official sources regarding update XYZ1 XYZ2 R.EN.C2 EST_R_1 Social benefit rate Monthly Base benefit level €25.57 Choose an item R.EN.C2 EST_R_2 Daily work ability allowance Daily Base benefit level €18.60 Choose an item https://www.tootukassa.ee/en/services/work-ability-allowance/amount-work-ability-allowance Validated R.EN.C2 EST_R_3 Legal monthly minimum wage Monthly Minimum wage €725.00 Choose an item https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/113122022033 Validated based on Establishment of the minimum wage – Riigi Teataja: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/113122022033 R.EN.C2 EST_R_5 Monthly national pension rate Monthly Base benefit level €336.39 Choose an item https://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/pension-ja-seotud-huvitised/pensioni-liigid/rahvapension Validated R.EN.C2 EST_R_4 Child allowance rate Monthly Base benefit level €80 Choose an item https://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/perehuvitised-ja-muud-toetused/peretoetused/lapsetoetus Validated R.EN.C2 EST_R_6 National average wage Monthly Average wage €1,981.00 Yes, other https://www.stat.ee Validated based on Average gross monthly salary | Statistics Estonia: https://www.stat.ee/et/avasta-statistikat/valdkonnad/tooelu/palk-ja-toojoukulu/keskmine-brutokuupalk Health and long-term care benefits Branch overview If there are nation-wide programmes with a legal basis that are missing from the table and are actively implemented, please include them here and throughout the profile (including social assistance programmes) . For special systems for certain groups (e.g. military personnel, civil servants, etc.) , scattered programmes at the municipal or regional level, or programmes with wide coverage but no legal basis, please do not add them to the profile, but rather simply add a short description under additional information. Header.PB1 blank Type of programme (please select from list) Programme name in English Local name and acronym ( if different than English ) Type of contributions 1 ? ( please select from list ) Are contributions necessary for benefit entitlement? ( please select from list ) Additional information Programme website or links to information brochures R.EN.PB1. 6 EST_6_1 Social insurance Health insurance Ravikindlustuse seadus (RaKS) Mandatory Yes Foootnote 1 Mandatory : Enrolment and contributions to the programme are mandatory for at least one group of individuals in the private sector (e.g. all employees, all residents, all non-agricultural workers, etc.). These systems may have exclusions or exemptions for certain groups or offer voluntary coverage for those not mandatorily covered (these can be detailed in the coverage section) . Quasi-mandatory : Enrolment and contributions to the programme are initially voluntary for all workers, but once enrolled, members are no longer able to opt out. Additional branch notes PB2a.Special.EN EST . 6 Concise d escription of special systems 1 and their coverage PB2a. Voluntary_informal_self.EN EST . 6 Concise d escription of any significant, stand-alone programmes for informal workers or self-employed persons with a legal basis, not covered below . Please note if the programme is voluntary or mandatory. Note: As the profiles focus on mandatory programmes, please do not include further descriptions of stand-alone voluntary programmes in the main profile text below. PB2a.Branch_note.EN EST . 6 Other b ranch notes PB2a.another_branch_YN_id. EST . 6 1 We define a special system as a separate programme that operates in place of the general scheme. Typically, special systems cover groups like military personnel, civil servants, agricultural workers, or self-employed persons, have different rules (e.g. qualifying conditions or benefit calculation) , and are administered by a separate organization. Assuming that the programme does not apply to a large share of the private sector (residents, employees, self-employed, etc.) , we will only include a short note on its coverage here and no further details elsewhere . Regulatory framework Current law(s) Header.PB3 blank Law name and number Year passed Year implemented Year(s) of important amendments Additional information Link to copy of the law? R.EN.PB3 C . 6 6_EST_L_2000_2 Estonian Health Insurance Fund Act of 14 June 2000 2000 2002 Last amended in 2019. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/26422?leiaKehtiv R.EN.PB3 C . 6 6_EST_L_2001_1 Health Services Organization Act of 9 May 2001 2002 Last amended in 2019. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/117052020012?leiaKehtiv R.EN.PB3 C . 6 6_EST_L_2002_2 Health Insurance Act of 16 June 2002 Same as year passed Last amended in 2023. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/117052020009?leiaKehtiv Coverage Header.Pb4new blank Programme name Description of mandatory coverage Description of v oluntary coverage (including exemptions) Description of e xclusions Coverage of specific groups Header.Pb4new blank Is coverage restricted to citizens? 1 (please select from list) Coverage of self-employed persons (please select from list) YYY ZZZ R.EN.PB4new. 6 EST_6_1 Health insurance Persons with an employment or service contract; self-employed persons; public-sector workers; military personnel; persons receiving certain benefits; caregivers; persons younger than age 19; and students. Persons who were previously insured for at least 12 months in the last 2 years, for persons receiving a pension from another country, and for crew members. No exclusions. No, all legal residents are covered. Mandatory coverage (general scheme). Validated based on Health insurance | Health Insurance Fund (tervisekassa.ee): https://www.tervisekassa.ee/inimesele/ravikindlustus 1 Please note that this dropdown complements the description under mandatory coverage by providing additional details on citizenship requirements. Individuals in the selected category must still meet the same conditions (e.g., work, earnings, etc.) as those specified under mandatory coverage . Source of funds Programmes funded by contributions (or partially funded by contributions) Header.PB5a blank Programme name and persons 1 covered (please select from list) Contributions Income base used to calculate contributions Government contributions Additional information (including cross-branch financing) Official sources regarding update Header.PB5a blank Covered person Employer Concise description Minimum Maximum R.EN.PB5.child. 6 .name_prog EST_6_1_IP Health insurance R.EN.PB5c.child. 6 EST_6_1_IP Base. EST_2_4_IP Employees (+) Financing is reported under "Sickness and maternity" (see "Social insurance"). Voluntarily insured persons contribute €219.10 a month. Kindly confirm whether medical benefits are also financed through the contributions rates reported under S&amp;M (13% of gross earnings payable by employers).The national health insurance scheme covers approximately 95% of the population with a broad range of curative and preventive services as well as some monetary benefits. Revenues stem primarily from earnings-based employer and employee contributions, in addition to state contributions for certain population groups.https://www.haigekassa.ee/en/people/health-care-services/estonian-health-care-system R.EN.PB5c.child. 6 EST_6_1_SE Base. EST_2_4_SE Self-employed Financing is reported under "Sickness and maternity" (see "Social insurance"). Voluntarily insured persons contribute €219.10 a month. Kindly confirm whether medical benefits are also financed through the contributions rates reported under S&amp;M (13% of gross earnings payable by employers).The national health insurance scheme covers approximately 95% of the population with a broad range of curative and preventive services as well as some monetary benefits. Revenues stem primarily from earnings-based employer and employee contributions, in addition to state contributions for certain population groups.https://www.haigekassa.ee/en/people/health-care-services/estonian-health-care-system 1 "Employees (+)" refers to all persons who are covered who are not self-employed (employees, pensioners, and other protected groups where applicable, such as students, unemployed persons, etc.) Health care benefits Health care benefits ( Health insurance ) C.B6. name_b.note_high_level EST_6_1_1 Benefit name (English) Health care benefits ZZZ C.B6. name_b_orig EST_6_1_1 Local name Ravikindlustus C.B6. name_prog.CRBranch_text EST_6_1_1 Name of related programme Health insurance C.B6. blank.qc EST_6_1_1 Qualifying conditions C.B6. qc EST_6_1_1 Main qualifying conditions Permanent residence in Estonia and a valid insurance basis: payment of social tax, insured-equivalent status or a voluntary insurance contract. Persons treated as insured include children under 19, eligible pupils and students, state pension recipients, persons with reduced or no work ability, pregnant women and certain dependent spouses or registered partners. Coverage is also provided to registered unemployed persons, recipients of unemployment insurance benefits, conscripts and certain recipients of family or care benefits. C.B6. multiple.dependents_YN.eligible_dependents EST_6_1_1 Are dependents covered? Other Details (if applicable): persons with up to five years left until attaining the retirement age who are maintained by their spouses who are insured persons C.B6. blank.ben EST_6_1_1 Details regarding benefits C.B6. ben_insured EST_6_1_1 Services covered Pharmaceutical products must be approved by the Ministry of Social Affairs, based on the diagnosis and according to a schedule in law. The insured receives temporary prosthesis after amputation and certain other appliances. Pensioners receive cash benefits for dental prostheses every 3 years. The Health Insurance Fund may authorize planned medical treatment abroad in special cases. Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured. Children younger than age 19 receive free dental care. C.B6. service_prov EST_6_1_1 Approved service providers and service conditions (1-2 sentences max.) National and local health care institutions provide medical benefits. C.B6. Cost_sharing EST_6_1_1 C ost sharing (1-2 sentences max.) The insured pays €2.50 for each prescription and 0%, 10%, 25% or 50% of the remaining cost for certain prescribed medicine according to a schedule in the law. If the price of a product exceeds the reference price (or price agreement), the insured pays the difference. If annual costs of approved medicines exceed €300, 90% of the cost above €300 is reimbursed; if annual prescription costs are from €100 to €300, 50% of the cost above €100 is reimbursed. No or lower (10%) co-payments for medicines children and pensioners. No co-payment is required for certain specialized outpatient care, such as for pregnancy or for a child younger than age 2. https://www.tervisekassa.ee/en/people/benefits-provided-health-insurance-fund/reimbursement-pharmaceuticals C.B6. benLength_full EST_6_1_1 Benefit duration The duration of the benefits is unlimited as long as the insured is covered; after coverage ceases, the insured continues to qualify for new benefits for up to 2 months. C.B6. blank.info EST_6_1_1 Additional information C.B6. otherInfo EST_6_1_1 Please provide if necessary Long-term care benefits In line with the priorites of the ISSA Programme and Budget on meeting the evolving needs of aging populations, we are collecting information on long-term care benefits. Here, we define long-term care benefits as cash or in-kind benefits for people who, due to frailty, disability or old age, need permanent nursing care or help with daily living activities. Benefits often aim to support home care, residential care, semi-residential care, or other forms of care. C.B13. Ben_y_n EST_6_x_1 Are there any long-term care benefits with a legal basis that are currently missing from the profile? No If 'yes', please fill in the table below or provide a brief explanation here. If benefits are already listed elsewhere, please indicate this (no need to repeat the information). If the benefits have different coverage or financing, please add a line to the tables above . Long-term care benefits ( Please provide ) C.B13. name_b.note_high_level EST_6_x_1 Benefit name (English) Long-term care benefits ZZZ C.B13. name_b_orig EST_6_x_1 Local name C.B13. name_prog.CRBranch_text EST_6_x_1 Name of related programme Please provide C.B13. CB_QC EST_6_x_1 Qualifying conditions C.B13. page EST_6_x_1 Restrictions related to age C.B13. assess_depend EST_6_x_1 Dependency requirements (including evaluation and review) C.B13. other_qc EST_6_x_1 Other qualifying conditions C.B13. multiple.test.test_details EST_6_x_1 Type of means test Choose an item Details (if applicable): C.B13. multiple.informal_Y_N.qc_informal EST_6_x_1 Are informal caregivers eligible for compensation or support under this benefit ? (Y/N) Choose an item Description of eligible caregivers and compensation or support provided (if applicable): C.B13. blank.ben EST_6_x_1 Details regarding benefits C.B13. CB_BEN EST_6_x_1 Benefit details C.B13. ben_insured EST_6_x_1 Benefits and services provided (including cash benefits) C.B13. service_prov EST_6_x_1 Approved service providers and service conditions (concise description; 1-2 sentences) C.B13. Cost_sharing EST_6_x_1 C ost sharing (concise description; 1-2 sentences) C.B13 blank.supplements EST_6_x_1 Benefit supplements or sub-benefits C.B11. blank.supplements C.B13 blank.supplements EST_6_x_1 EST_6_x_1 Local name(s) Qualifying conditions Amount C.B13 multiple.supp_name.supp_name_orig.qc_supp.supp EST_6_x_1 C.B13. blank.info EST_6_x_1 Additional information C.B13. otherInfo EST_6_x_1 Please provide if necessary Administrative organization Header.PB6.blank blank blank Organization name Type of organization (Please select from list) Role in relation to programme (Y/N) Additional information Website Yyy zzz R.EN.PB6. 6 .name_prog UPI. 1 UPI. 1 . EST_6_1 General supervision Regulatory functions 1 Programme administration Payment/delivery of benefits 2 Collection of contributions Other notes on role R.EN.PB6. 6 EST_AO_7 UPI. 1 . EST_6_1 Ministry of Social Affairs Public (part of government) Y Y N N N Is responsible for general management, supervision, and planning. https://www.sm.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 6 EST_AO_4 UPI. 1 . EST_6_1 Health Insurance Fund Public (independent agency) N N Y N N Coordinates health insurance and administers benefits. https://www.tervisekassa.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 6 EST_AO_1 UPI. 1 . EST_6_1 Doctors, polyclinics, and hospitals Multiple types of organizations N N N Y N R.EN.PB6. 6 EST_AO_10 UPI. 1 . EST_6_1 Tax and Customs Office Public (part of government) N N N N Y https://www.emta.ee/ 1 The institution is in charge of developing and enforcing financial, administrative, or operative regulations for the programme. This is often the same organization that oversees general supervision , but can also be an independent body such as superintendents, health regulators, financial regulators, and pensions regulators. 2 Usually this is the same as the administrating organization, but if a separate organization or set of organizations pays benefits, please ensure it is listed in the table. Saatja: Rebeka Villakov </o=Sotsiaalministeerium/ou=Exchange Administrative Group (FYDIBOHF23SPDLT)/cn=Recipients/cn=227a9f368de44c888c3c844e816840ca-Reb> Saaja: 'ISSAISD', 'Lestienne, Marjorie' Teema: Vs: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 Dear Mr. Hernández, Please find attached the completed tables for the Estonia country profile for SSPTW: Europe 2026. Thank you for your patience and cooperation. Kind regards, Rebeka Villakov Office Assistant Information Management Unit General Department Estonian National Social Insurance Board ___________________________ 58569963 www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee <http://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/> This email and any attachments may be confidential. If you have received this email in error, you must not take any action based on it or disseminate it. Please inform the sender of the mistake and delete the email. Saatja: Rebeka Villakov Saatmisaeg: esmaspäev, 7. september 2026 08:55 Adressaat: 'ISSAISD' <[email protected]> Koopia: Lestienne, Marjorie <[email protected]> Teema: Vs: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 Dear Mr. Hernández Thank you for your follow-up. We expect to be able to provide the updated tables by the end of this week. Thank you for your patience and understanding. Kind regards, Rebeka Villakov Office Assistant Information Management Unit General Department Estonian National Social Insurance Board ___________________________ 58569963 www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee <http://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/> This email and any attachments may be confidential. If you have received this email in error, you must not take any action based on it or disseminate it. Please inform the sender of the mistake and delete the email. Saatja: ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Saatmisaeg: reede, 21. august 2026 17:32 Adressaat: ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> >; Rebeka Villakov <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Koopia: Lestienne, Marjorie <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Teema: RE: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 Tähelepanu! Tegemist on väljastpoolt asutust saabunud kirjaga. Tundmatu saatja korral palume linke ja faile mitte avada. Dear Ms. Villakov, hope you are well. We are writing to follow up on the remaining sections of the Estonia country profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026. In your previous message, you kindly indicated that you expected to be able to provide the completed tables in August, following the collection of input from the Health Insurance Fund and the Unemployment Insurance Fund. We wanted to kindly check whether the previously indicated timeline for submitting the completed sections in August still looks feasible. If the timeline has changed, any indication of when you expect to be able to send the completed sections would be very helpful for the planning of our work. We greatly appreciate your continued efforts in coordinating the input from the different institutions. Please do not hesitate to contact us if any questions arise or if we can provide any clarification regarding the documents. Thank you again for your time and cooperation. Warm regards from Geneva, The ISSA Country Profiles Team Santiago Hernández Country Profiles Team International Social Security Association www.issa.int <http://www.issa.int/> From: ISSAISD Sent: Friday, 5 June 2026 11:50 To: Rebeka Villakov <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> >; ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Cc: Lestienne, Marjorie <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Subject: RE: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 Dear Dear Ms. Villakov, Thank you very much for your message and for coordinating the update of the remainder of the profile. We deeply appreciate your efforts and invaluable help. Your proposed timeline works for us. We look forward to hearing from you then! With warm regards from Geneva, Daniela Chalén Country Profiles Team International Social Security Association T: +41 22 799 6429 www.issa.int <http://www.issa.int/> From: Rebeka Villakov <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Sent: Friday, 5 June 2026 11:34 To: ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Cc: Lestienne, Marjorie <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Subject: Vs: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 Dear Ms. Chalén Thank you again for sending the relevant sections for update. We are currently in the process of collecting the necessary input from the Health Insurance Fund and the Unemployment Insurance Fund. However, due to ongoing large-scale exercises within our institution, as well as the summer holiday period, this is taking longer than initially expected. In this regard, we would like to kindly ask whether it would be acceptable for us to provide the completed tables in August. We sincerely hope this would be possible and would greatly appreciate your understanding. Thank you very much for your patience and cooperation. Warm regards, Rebeka Villakov Office Assistant Information Management Unit General Department Estonian National Social Insurance Board ___________________________ 58569963 www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee <http://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/> This email and any attachments may be confidential. If you have received this email in error, you must not take any action based on it or disseminate it. Please inform the sender of the mistake and delete the email. Saatja: ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Saatmisaeg: neljapäev, 7. mai 2026 13:00 Adressaat: Rebeka Villakov <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Koopia: Lestienne, Marjorie <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> >; ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Teema: RE: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 Tähelepanu! Tegemist on väljastpoolt asutust saabunud kirjaga. Tundmatu saatja korral palume linke ja faile mitte avada. Dear Ms. Villakov, Thank you so much for your kind reply and for offering to collect the responses from the Health Insurance Fund and Unemployment Insurance Fund. As per your request, we are sending the relevant sections that would need to be updated by the two institutions as an attachment to this email. Please do not hesitate to reach out to us if you have any further inquiries. Thank you again for your time and efforts. We deeply appreciate you coordinating the update. Warm regards from Geneva, Daniela Chalén The ISSA country profiles team International Social Security Association T: +41 22 799 7438 / 7227 E: [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> www.issa.int <http://www.issa.int/> From: Rebeka Villakov <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Sent: Wednesday, 6 May 2026 12:00 To: ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Subject: Vs: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> ei saada teile sageli meilisõnumeid. Lugege teavet selle kohta, miks see on oluline <https://aka.ms/LearnAboutSenderIdentification> Dear Ms. Chalén, Thank you for reaching out, and we truly appreciate your kind message. Please accept our apologies for not being reachable by phone. I was away from work at the time, which likely explains why your call did not go through. I am sorry for any inconvenience this may have caused. Regarding your request, during our internal discussions it became clear that, as an organization affiliated with ISSA, we should collect the necessary information ourselves directly from the relevant institutions. Therefore, we kindly ask you to share the specific questions or any points requiring clarification, particularly where there may be gaps or missing details. Based on your input, we will gather the required information from the Unemployment Insurance Fund and the Health Insurance Fund and provide you with a consolidated response. Thank you very much for your understanding and cooperation. Rebeka Villakov Office Assistant Information Management Unit General Department Estonian National Social Insurance Board ___________________________ 58569963 www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee <http://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/> This email and any attachments may be confidential. If you have received this email in error, you must not take any action based on it or disseminate it. Please inform the sender of the mistake and delete the email. Saatja: ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Saatmisaeg: esmaspäev, 27. aprill 2026 11:26 Adressaat: Rebeka Villakov <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Koopia: ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Teema: RE: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 Tähelepanu! Tegemist on väljastpoolt asutust saabunud kirjaga. Tundmatu saatja korral palume linke ja faile mitte avada. Dear Ms. Rebeka Villakov, We hope this email finds you well. We would like to thank you once again for your support and the time you dedicated to updating the summary of the social security programs in Estonia. In your previous email, you kindly mentioned that we could contact the Unemployment Insurance Fund and the Health Insurance Fund to obtain further information related to their respective sections. We have attempted to reach you by phone to request any available contact details; however, we were unfortunately unable to get through. Therefore, we are reaching out via email as we would greatly appreciate your support in helping us identify the appropriate contacts at these institutions. Thank you very much in advance for your collaboration. With warm regards and heartfelt thanks, Daniela Chalén The ISSA country profiles team International Social Security Association T: +41 22 799 7438 / 7227 E: [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> www.issa.int <http://www.issa.int/> From: ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Sent: Monday, 16 March 2026 14:44 To: Rebeka Villakov <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> >; ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Subject: RE: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 Dear Ms. Rebeca Villakov, On behalf of the Secretary General, Mr. Caetano, thank you very much to you and your colleagues for taking the time to update the summary of the social security programs within your country. Your careful review and dedication are greatly appreciated. We will analyze the information provided and get back to you in due course should we have any further questions. Additionally, we will reach out separately to the Unemployment Insurance Fund as well as the Health Insurance Fund regarding updating the information that is under their purview. Thank you for your kind collaboration. We deeply appreciate the time and attention you have dedicated to this. With warm regards and heartfelt thanks, Daniela Chalén The ISSA country profiles team International Social Security Association T: +41 22 799 7438 / 7227 E: [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> www.issa.int <http://www.issa.int/> From: Rebeka Villakov <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Sent: Friday, 13 March 2026 08:14 To: ISSAISD <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> > Subject: ISSA: Updating the Estonia profile for Social Security Programs Throughout the World (SSPTW): Europe 2026 [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> ei saada teile sageli meilisõnumeid. Lugege teavet selle kohta, miks see on oluline <https://aka.ms/LearnAboutSenderIdentification> Dear ISSA team, Thank you for your email and for the opportunity to contribute to the update of the country profiles. We hereby inform you that we have reviewed the provided materials and made the necessary additions and updates in the attached documents to reflect the situation as of 1 January 2026. Should you require any further information or clarification, please do not hesitate to contact me. I remain at your disposal for any additional questions. Yours sincerely, Rebeka Villakov Office Assistant Information Management Unit General Department Estonian National Social Insurance Board ___________________________ 58569963 www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee <http://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/> This email and any attachments may be confidential. If you have received this email in error, you must not take any action based on it or disseminate it. Please inform the sender of the mistake and delete the email. ----------------------------------------- This electronic message may contain confidential, proprietary or privileged information intended solely for the use of the named recipient. The ILO is not liable for any error or virus connected with this transmission. ----------------------------------------- Ce message électronique peut contenir des informations confidentielles, ou spécialement protégées, à la seule intention du destinataire. L'OIT ne peut être tenue responsable des erreurs ou des virus qui s'y trouveraient. ----------------------------------------- Este mensaje electrónico puede contener información confidencial o especialmente protegida para el uso exclusivo del destinatario indicado. La OIT no se responsabiliza en caso de error o virus. ----------------------------------------- Estonia Policies as of 1 January 2026 Currency: euro ( € ; EUR ) Contact for technical questions Please provide the contact information of the person we should contact for any technical follow-up questions or clarifications. If multiple people updated the profile, please make a copy of the table below, and include contact details for each person. C.Name EST Name: Kristel Abel C.Title EST Title/position: Head of Communication C.Org EST Organization/Department: Estonian Social Insurance Board C.email EST Email: [email protected] C.phone EST Phone number: +372 52 87238 Guidelines for update Please review and edit the information to reflect any changes since the last update and correct any inaccuracies. If information is missing, please add a new row to the relevant tables and complete the information. If your system has seen major reforms and the tables are too burdensome, feel free to provide the information as free text by add ing a few paragraphs under the given table. If you have any doubts, feel free to reach out at [email protected] or consult the guidelines attached to the original mail. Technical note : You may notice that each table has several hidden columns to the left and to the right. Please do not edit these columns. They are used for internal reference. They assign each section, country, and programme a code so that we can import the information into our database. Profile s tructure The profiles are organized in six branches : Old age, disability and survivors Health and long-term care benefits Sickness and maternity Accidents at work and occupational diseases Unemployment Family and household benefits Each branch includes the following categories : Branch overview Regulatory framework Coverage Source of funds Benefit details Administrative organization Country n otes R.EN.C3.Reforms EST Has there been a reform 1 since the last profile update ? Yes Unemployemtn allowance and unemployment benefit was merged into basic unemployment insurance benefit starting from January 1, 2026. 1 Reform refers to any significant change in the system. This may be to (1) system type (e.g. social insurance replaced social assistance), (2) paramaters (e.g. change in retirement age, qualifying period, benefit formula, etc.), (3) coverage, or (4) the range of benefits offered (e.g. new benefits introduced or old benefits discontinued), or other aspects. It would not include year-to-year adjustments in benefit amounts, minimums or maximums. Annex: Reference values (e.g. minimum wages, etc.) * This section w ill appear as an annex in the final publication. C2.Header blank Full description Periodicity (please select from list ) Type (please select from list ) Amount (on 1 January 2026 ) Is there a legal obligation to review (and if necessary adjust) the amount within a defined period for inflation, cost of living, etc.? Additional information (if needed) Official sources regarding update XYZ1 XYZ2 R.EN.C2 EST_R_1 Social benefit rate Monthly Base benefit level €25.57 No, ad hoc R.EN.C2 EST_R_2 Daily work ability allowance Daily Base benefit level €18.60 No, ad hoc https://www.tootukassa.ee/en/services/work-ability-allowance/amount-work-ability-allowance Validated R.EN.C2 EST_R_3 Legal monthly minimum wage Monthly Minimum wage €725.00 Yes, other https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/113122022033 Validated based on Establishment of the minimum wage – Riigi Teataja: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/113122022033 R.EN.C2 EST_R_5 Monthly national pension rate Monthly Base benefit level €336.39 Yes, annually https://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/pension-ja-seotud-huvitised/pensioni-liigid/rahvapension Validated R.EN.C2 EST_R_4 Child allowance rate Monthly Base benefit level €80 No, ad hoc https://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/perehuvitised-ja-muud-toetused/peretoetused/lapsetoetus Validated R.EN.C2 EST_R_6 National average wage Monthly Average wage €1,981.00 Yes, other https://www.stat.ee Validated based on Average gross monthly salary | Statistics Estonia: https://www.stat.ee/et/avasta-statistikat/valdkonnad/tooelu/palk-ja-toojoukulu/keskmine-brutokuupalk Old age, disability and survivors Branch overview If there are nation-wide programmes with a legal basis that are missing from the table and are actively implemented, please include them here and throughout the profile (including social assistance programmes) . For special systems for certain groups (e.g. military personnel, civil servants, etc.) , scattered programmes at the municipal or regional level, or programmes with wide coverage but no legal basis, please do not add them to the profile, but rather simply add a short description under additional information. Header.PB1 blank Type of programme (please select from list) Programme name in English Local name and acronym ( if different than English ) Type of contributions 1 ? ( please select from list ) Are contributions necessary for benefit entitlement? ( please select from list ) Additional information Programme website or links to information brochures R.EN.PB1. 1 EST_1_4 Universal system Puuetega inimeste sotsiaaltoetused, matusetoetus None No Editor note: I deleted the CORR’s changes (adding a second universal system). The CORR added benefits, but there should only be one entry for Universal. | I also changed the classification of the Work Ability Allowance, as it is more of a social assistance programme given the means test (see two cells below). R.EN.PB1. 1 EST_1_1 Social assistance National pension, Work ability allowance Rahvapension, Töövõimetoetus None No Validated with Suggestion: I would add the following Programme website ‘National pension | Social Insurance Board (sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee): https://sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/pension-ja-seotud-huvitised/pensioni-liigid/rahvapension ‘. | #Note_for_records: I’ve changed the classification of the Work ability allowance (Töövõimetoetus) from Universal to Social assistance given that there’s a means test. As such, I’ve made changes so that we refer to ‘Social assistance’ throughout rather than ‘National pension’~ R.EN.PB1. 1 EST_1_3 Social insurance State pension Riiklik pension (I sammas) Mandatory Yes Validated with Suggestion: I would add the following Programme website ‘Pension | Ministry of Social Affairs (sm.ee): https://www.sm.ee/pension ‘. R.EN.PB1. 1 EST_1_2 Individual account Funded pension Kogumispension (II sammas) Quasi-mandatory Yes Mandatory for persons born after 1 January 1983; however, since 2021 participants may choose to suspend their accounts (contributions cease but accumulated savings remain invested) or withdraw from the programme entirely (the entire account balance is withdrawn and the participant pays a 20% income tax on the funds). Validated with Suggestion: I would add the following Programme website ‘Funded pension or second pillar — Pensionikeskus: https://www.pensionikeskus.ee/ii-sammas/kogumispension-ehk-ii-sammas/ ‘. | Editor note: added some information based on https://www.pensionikeskus.ee/en/pension-reform-2021/tpid/5639/ and https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/intl_update/2020-10/index.html#estonia: https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/intl_update/2020-10/index.html Foootnote 1 Mandatory : Enrolment and contributions to the programme are mandatory for at least one group of individuals in the private sector (e.g. all employees, all residents, all non-agricultural workers, etc.). These systems may have exclusions or exemptions for certain groups or offer voluntary coverage for those not mandatorily covered (these can be detailed in the coverage section) . Quasi-mandatory : Enrolment and contributions to the programme are initially voluntary for all workers, but once enrolled, members are no longer able to opt out. Additional branch notes PB2a.Special.EN EST . 1 Concise d escription of special systems 1 and their coverage PB2a. Voluntary_informal_self.EN EST . 1 Concise d escription of any significant, stand-alone programmes for informal workers or self-employed persons with a legal basis, not covered below . Please note if the programme is voluntary or mandatory. Note: As the profiles focus on mandatory programmes, please do not include further descriptions of stand-alone voluntary programmes in the main profile text below. PB2a.Branch_note.EN EST . 1 Other b ranch notes #Note_for_records: I’ve deleted two disability pension tables; as noted in the last update, they had been gradually phased out and as of now both have been eliminated and replaced with the work ability allowance.~ PB2a.another_branch_YN_id. EST . 1 1 We define a special system as a separate programme that operates in place of the general scheme. Typically, special systems cover groups like military personnel, civil servants, agricultural workers, or self-employed persons, have different rules (e.g. qualifying conditions or benefit calculation) , and are administered by a separate organization. Assuming that the programme does not apply to a large share of the private sector (residents, employees, self-employed, etc.) , we will only include a short note on its coverage here and no further details elsewhere . Regulatory framework Current law(s) Header.PB3 blank Law name and number Year passed Year implemented Year(s) of important amendments Additional information Link to copy of the law? R.EN.PB3 C . 1 1_EST_L_1992_1 Superannuated Pensions Act 1992 Same as year passed 1993-1998, 2000-2002, 2006, 2010, 2013, 2016, and 2018. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/127052022051?leiaKehtiv R.EN.PB3 C . 1 1_EST_L_1992_2 Old-Age Pensions under Unfavourable Conditions Act 1992 Same as year passed 1993-1998, 2000-2002, 2005, 2010, 2012, and 2016. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/186725?leiaKehtiv R.EN.PB3 C . 1 1_EST_L_1999_1 Social Benefits for Disabled Persons Act 1999 Same as year passed With annual amendments. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/13114771?leiaKehtiv R.EN.PB3 C . 1 1_EST_L_2001_2 State Pension Insurance Act 2001 2002 With periodic amendments. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/RPKS R.EN.PB3 C . 1 1_EST_L_2004_2 Funded Pensions Act 2004 Same as year passed 2021. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/128122020002?leiaKehtiv R.EN.PB3 C . 1 1_EST_L_2014_1 Work Ability Allowance Act 2014 2016 With annual amendments. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/124122016018?leiaKehtiv R.EN.PB3 C . 1 1_EST_L_2016_1 Investment Funds Act 2016 2017 With annual amendments. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/131122016003?leiaKehtiv Coverage Header.Pb4new blank Programme name Description of mandatory coverage Description of v oluntary coverage (including exemptions) Description of e xclusions Coverage of specific groups Header.Pb4new blank Is coverage restricted to citizens? 1 (please select from list) Coverage of self-employed persons (please select from list) YYY ZZZ R.EN.PB4new. 1 EST_1_4 Universal Permanent residents of Estonia; noncitizens residing temporarily in Estonia; and legal refugees. No, all legal residents are covered. n/a (non-contributory) R.EN.PB4new. 1 EST_1_1 Social assistance Permanent residents of Estonia; noncitizens residing temporarily in Estonia; and legal refugees. No, all legal residents are covered. n/a (non-contributory) R.EN.PB4new. 1 EST_1_3 State pension (social insurance) Permanent residents of Estonia; noncitizens residing temporarily in Estonia; and legal refugees. No possibility of voluntary coverage. No exclusions. No, all legal residents are covered. Mandatory coverage (general scheme). R.EN.PB4new. 1 EST_1_2 Funded pension (individual account) Persons born after 31 December 1982, who are covered by social insurance, including self-employed persons. Persons born after 31 December 1941 and before 1 January 1983. Persons who choose to suspend their accounts or withdraw from the programme entirely are excluded from rejoining the programme for 10 years. No, all legal residents are covered. Mandatory coverage (general scheme). Validated based on Joining the II pillar — Pensionikeskus: https://www.pensionikeskus.ee/ii-sammas/liitumine-ii-sambaga/ | See also International Update, October 2020 (ssa.gov): https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/intl_update/2020-10/index.html 1 Please note that this dropdown complements the description under mandatory coverage by providing additional details on citizenship requirements. Individuals in the selected category must still meet the same conditions (e.g., work, earnings, etc.) as those specified under mandatory coverage . Source of funds Programmes funded by contributions (or partially funded by contributions) Header.PB5a blank Programme name and persons 1 covered (please select from list) Contributions Income base used to calculate contributions Government contributions Additional information (including cross-branch financing) Official sources regarding update Header.PB5a blank Covered person Employer Concise description Minimum Maximum R.EN.PB5.cont. 1 .name_prog EST_1_3 State pension (social insurance) R.EN.PB5.cont. 1 EST_1_3 . IP Employees (+) None. 16%. Monthly gross covered payroll. €654 a month. No maximum. Pays contributions for certain categories of insured persons; contributes as an employer. Contributions also finance work injury benefits. Validated based on Social tax | Tax and Customs Board (emta.ee): https://www.emta.ee/ariklient/maksud-ja-tasumine/tulumaks-ja-sotsiaalmaks/sotsiaalmaks R.EN.PB5.cont. 1 EST_1_3 . SE Self-employed 16%. n/a Monthly covered declared earnings. €654 a month. No maximum. Pays contributions for some categories of insured persons. Contributions also finance work injury benefits. Validated based on Social tax | Tax and Customs Board (emta.ee): https://www.emta.ee/ariklient/maksud-ja-tasumine/tulumaks-ja-sotsiaalmaks/sotsiaalmaks R.EN.PB5.cont. 1 .name_prog EST_1_2 Funded pension (individual account) R.EN.PB5.cont. 1 EST_1_2 . IP Employees (+) 2% plus an administrative fee. Note: Additional voluntary contributions (to a total of 4% or 6%) are possible. 4%. Monthly gross covered earnings / payroll. €654 a month. No maximum. Contributes as an employer. Note: contributes 4% of average monthly income to a parent raising a child up to age 3 who was born in 2013 or later. Validated based on Social tax | Tax and Customs Board (emta.ee): https://www.emta.ee/ariklient/maksud-ja-tasumine/tulumaks-ja-sotsiaalmaks/sotsiaalmaks | Added voluntary bit based on https://www.eesti.ee/en/pensions-social-services-and-allowances/pensions/funded-pensions | Added gov’t contribution based on https://www.pensionikeskus.ee/ii-sammas/sissemaksed/vanemapension/ R.EN.PB5.cont. 1 EST_1_2 . SE Self-employed 4% plus an administrative fee. n/a Monthly covered declared earnings. €654 a month. None. Validated based on Social tax | Tax and Customs Board (emta.ee): https://www.emta.ee/ariklient/maksud-ja-tasumine/tulumaks-ja-sotsiaalmaks/sotsiaalmaks 1 "Employees (+)" refers to all persons who are covered who are not self-employed (employees, pensioners, and other protected groups where applicable, such as students, unemployed persons, etc.) Programmes with no contributions (government pays the total cost) Header.PB5b blank Programme name Additional notes Yyy zzz R.EN.PB5.noncont. 1 EST_1_4_ALL Universal Local governments pay the total cost of the funeral grant. R.EN.PB5.noncont. 1 EST_1_1_ALL Social assistance Disability benefits Work ability allowance ( Töövõimetoetus ; Social assistance ) C.B2. name_b.note_high_level EST_1_1_5 Benefit name (English) Work ability allowance C.B2. name_b_orig EST_1_1_5 Local name Töövõimetoetus C.B2. name_prog.CRBranch_text EST_1_1_5 Name of related programme Social assistance #Note_for_records: I’ve reclassified this programme as social assistance given there’s a means (benefit and income) test.~ C.B2. blank.full EST_1_1_5 Standard or full benefit C.B2. blank.qc EST_1_1_5 Qualifying conditions C.B2. qc EST_1_1_5 Main qualifying conditions Must be aged 16 to the standard retirement age and be assessed with no work ability. The Unemployment Insurance Fund assesses the work ability. Validated based on Work ability allowance | UIF (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/et/teenused/toovoimetoetus/kellel-oigus-toovoimetoetusele C.B2. multiple.test.test_details EST_1_1_5 Type of means test Income test Details (if applicable): Monthly income in the previous month must not exceed €2,790. Additional benefit test: Must not be receiving a pension or certain other benefits. Validated based on Töövõimetoetuse saamise tingimused | Töötukassa (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/et/teenused/toovoimetoetus/toovoimetoetuse-saamise-tingimused | Added income test based on https://www.tootukassa.ee/en/services/work-ability-allowance/amount-work-ability-allowance | No work ability allowance is paid for the current month if your previous month’s income exceeds EUR 2310,12 for partial work ability and EUR 2790,00 for no work ability. C.B2. multiple.cont_emp_Y_N.cont_emp EST_1_1_5 Can a pensioner continue or resume work and receive the benefit? No Not relevant. A person cannot receive two benefits at the same time, if person is of retirement age, he /she does not qualify for the work ability allowance Validated based on Work ability allowance | UIF (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/et/teenused/toovoimetoetus/kellel-oigus-toovoimetoetusele | Editor note: deleted CORR’s sentence; ‘pensioner’ in this instance refers to the beneficiary of the allowance and not an old-age pensioner. That said, a beneficiary can have income, so it seems like the could work. | #Q2CORR: can an individual who is receiving the work ability allowance (and assessed as having no work ability – so receiving 100% of the daily rate) also have earnings from work? The clause on your website implies that this is indeed possible: ‘No work ability allowance is paid for the current month if your previous month’s income exceeds EUR 2310,12 for partial work ability and EUR 2790,00 for no work ability.’ C.B2. Credited_cont EST_1_1_5 Details on credited or purchasable periods Contributions are not credited. C.B2. multiple.payable_abroad_Y_N.payble_abroad EST_1_1_5 Are individuals eligible for the benefit if residing abroad in a country without a reciprocal agreement? No Paid only under reciprocal agreement (and for EU and EEA residents). C.B2. blank.Ben EST_1_1_5 Details regarding benefit C.B2. ben_calc EST_1_1_5 Benefit calculation rules Progressive amount (income-related) C.B2. multiple.amount.MinBen.MaxBen EST_1_1_5 Benefit amount €18.60 (the daily work ability allowance) multiplied by the number of calendar days in the month. The monthly allowance is reduced by €1 for every €2 of gross monthly earnings exceeding 90 times the daily work ability allowance. Minimum: See amount. Maximum: See amount. Validated based on Work ability allowance | UIF (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/et/teenused/toovoimetoetus/toovoimetoetuse-suurus | Editor note: CORR did not make any substantive changes, so I’ve rejected. The information for partial belongs below. C.B2. multiple.BenAdjust_Y_N.Benefit_Adjustment EST_1_1_5 Is there a legal obligation to review (and if necessary adjust) the benefit within a defined period (e.g. every year) for inflation, cost of living, etc.? Yes, annually Adjusted annually in April according to changes in the consumer price index and the annual increase in social tax contributions. C.B2. Periodicity EST_1_1_5 Periodicity of benefit payment Periodic C.B2. benLength_full EST_1_1_5 Benefit duration (only if periodic) Up to the standard retirement age. C.B2. waitPeriod EST_1_1_5 Description of waiting period (and continued payment by employer, if applicable) No waiting period applies. C.B2. blank.partial EST_1_1_5 Reduced benefit for a Partial disability (if not included above) C.B2. blank.partial EST_1_1_5 Name(s) Local name(s) Qualifying conditions Amount C.B2. multiple.partial_disability_name.partial_disability_name_orig.qc_partial_disability.partial_disability EST_1_1_5 Partial work ability allowance Must be aged 16 to the standard retirement age, be assessed with a partial work ability, not be receiving a pension or certain other benefits, and be working, seeking work, studying, raising a child younger than age 3, caring for a family member with a severe disability, receiving certain support for artistic work, receiving certain types of institutional care, or participating in compulsory military service. The monthly partial work ability allowance is €10.602 (57% of the daily work ability allowance) multiplied by the number of calendar days in the month. The monthly allowance is reduced by €1 for every €2 of monthly earnings exceeding 90 times the daily work ability allowance. Income test: Monthly income in the previous month must not exceed €2,310.12. Validated based on Work ability allowance | UIF (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/et/teenused/toovoimetoetus/toovoimetoetuse-suurus | Income test added based on: | https://www.tootukassa.ee/en/services/work-ability-allowance/amount-work-ability-allowance C.B2. blank.info EST_1_1_5 Additional information C.B2. otherInfo EST_1_1_5 Please provide if necessary Validated based on Work ability allowance | UIF (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/et/teenused/toovoimetoetus/toovoimetoetuse-suurus Administrative organization Header.PB6.blank blank blank Organization name Type of organization (Please select from list) Related programmes (Y/N) Role in relation to programme (Y/N) Additional information Website R.EN.PB6. 1 . name_prog UPI. 4 UPI. 4 . EST_1_4 . EST_1_1 . EST_1_3 . EST_1_2 Universal Social assistance State pension (social insurance) Funded pension (individual account) General supervision Regulatory functions 1 Programme administration Payment/delivery of benefits 2 Collection of contributions Other notes on role R.EN.PB6. 1 EST_AO_7 UPI. 4 . EST_1_4 . EST_1_1 . EST_1_3 . EST_1_2 Ministry of Social Affairs Public (part of government) Y Y Y N Y Y N N N https://www.sm.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 1 EST_AO_9 UPI. 4 . EST_1_4 . EST_1_1 . EST_1_3 . EST_1_2 Social Insurance Board Public (independent agency) Y Y Y N N N Y Y N Is responsible for overall planning and coordination. https://www.sotsiaalkindlustusamet.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 1 EST_AO_2 UPI. 4 . EST_1_4 . EST_1_1 . EST_1_3 . EST_1_2 Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund Public (independent agency) Y Y Y N N N Y Y N Administers the work ability allowance. Under the supervision of the Ministry of Social Affairs. https://www.tootukassa.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 1 EST_AO_10 UPI. 4 . EST_1_4 . EST_1_1 . EST_1_3 . EST_1_2 Tax and Customs Office Public (part of government) Y Y Y N N N N N Y https://www.emta.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 1 EST_AO_5 UPI. 4 . EST_1_4 . EST_1_1 . EST_1_3 . EST_1_2 Local governments Public (part of government) Y N N N N N N Y N Pay the funeral grant. R.EN.PB6. 1 EST_AO_6 UPI. 4 . EST_1_4 . EST_1_1 . EST_1_3 . EST_1_2 Ministry of Finance Public (part of government) N N N Y Y Y N N N Supervises the Financial Supervisory Authority and the Registrar of the Estonian Central Register of Securities. https://www.fi.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 1 EST_AO_3 UPI. 4 . EST_1_4 . EST_1_1 . EST_1_3 . EST_1_2 Financial Supervisory Authority Public (independent agency) N N N Y Y Y N N N Supervises financial services providers, including pension management companies and life insurance companies. https://www.fi.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 1 EST_AO_8 UPI. 4 . EST_1_4 . EST_1_1 . EST_1_3 . EST_1_2 Estonian Central Register of Securities Multiple types of organizations N N N Y N N N N N Sets up a mandatory individual pension account for each insured person. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/508112023001/consolide Validated based on Securities Register Maintenance Act–Riigi Teataja: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/508112023001/consolide 1 The institution is in charge of developing and enforcing financial, administrative, or operative regulations for the programme. This is often the same organization that oversees general supervision , but can also be an independent body such as superintendents, health regulators, financial regulators, and pensions regulators. 2 Usually this is the same as the administrating organization, but if a separate organization or set of organizations pays benefits, please ensure it is listed in the table. Unemployment benefits Branch overview If there are nation-wide programmes with a legal basis that are missing from the table and are actively implemented, please include them here and throughout the profile (including social assistance programmes) . For special systems for certain groups (e.g. military personnel, civil servants, etc.) , scattered programmes at the municipal or regional level, or programmes with wide coverage but no legal basis, please do not add them to the profile, but rather simply add a short description under additional information. Header.PB1 blank Type of programme (please select from list) Programme name in English Local name and acronym ( if different than English ) Type of contributions 1 ? ( please select from list ) Are contributions necessary for benefit entitlement? ( please select from list ) Additional information Programme website or links to information brochures R.EN.PB1. 4 EST_4_2 Social insurance Unemployment insurance Töötuskindlustushüvitis Mandatory Yes R.EN.PB1. 4 EST_4_1 Social assistance Unemployment allowance Töötutoetus None No Foootnote 1 Mandatory : Enrolment and contributions to the programme are mandatory for at least one group of individuals in the private sector (e.g. all employees, all residents, all non-agricultural workers, etc.). These systems may have exclusions or exemptions for certain groups or offer voluntary coverage for those not mandatorily covered (these can be detailed in the coverage section) . Quasi-mandatory : Enrolment and contributions to the programme are initially voluntary for all workers, but once enrolled, members are no longer able to opt out. Additional branch notes PB2a.Special.EN EST . 4 Concise d escription of special systems 1 and their coverage PB2a. Voluntary_informal_self.EN EST . 4 Concise d escription of any significant, stand-alone programmes for informal workers or self-employed persons with a legal basis, not covered below . Please note if the programme is voluntary or mandatory. Note: As the profiles focus on mandatory programmes, please do not include further descriptions of stand-alone voluntary programmes in the main profile text below. PB2a.Branch_note.EN EST . 4 Other b ranch notes PB2a.another_branch_YN_id. EST . 4 1 We define a special system as a separate programme that operates in place of the general scheme. Typically, special systems cover groups like military personnel, civil servants, agricultural workers, or self-employed persons, have different rules (e.g. qualifying conditions or benefit calculation) , and are administered by a separate organization. Assuming that the programme does not apply to a large share of the private sector (residents, employees, self-employed, etc.) , we will only include a short note on its coverage here and no further details elsewhere . Regulatory framework Current law(s) Header.PB3 blank Law name and number Year passed Year implemented Year(s) of important amendments Additional information Link to copy of the law? R.EN.PB3 C . 4 4_EST_L_2001_3 Unemployment Insurance Act 2001 Same as year passed Last amended in 2020. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/512082020014/consolide R.EN.PB3 C . 4 4_EST_L_2005_1 Labour Market Services and Benefits Act 2005 Same as year passed Last amended in 2020. https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/512082020015/consolide R.EN.PB3 F . 4 4_EST_LF_1991_1 #Q2CORR: Please provide the name and number of the law.~ 1991 Same as year passed Coverage Header.Pb4new blank Programme name Description of mandatory coverage Description of v oluntary coverage (including exemptions) Description of e xclusions Coverage of specific groups Header.Pb4new blank Is coverage restricted to citizens? 1 (please select from list) Coverage of self-employed persons (please select from list) YYY ZZZ R.EN.PB4new. 4 EST_4_2 Unemployment insurance Permanent residents of Estonia, noncitizens residing in Estonia with a temporary residence permit, and legal refugees. No possibility of voluntary coverage. Self-employed persons, and persons who have achieved the standard retirement age. No, all legal residents are covered. Excluded. R.EN.PB4new. 4 EST_4_1 Unemployment allowance (social assistance) Permanent residents of Estonia, noncitizens residing in Estonia with a temporary residence permit, and legal refugees. No, all legal residents are covered. n/a (non-contributory) 1 Please note that this dropdown complements the description under mandatory coverage by providing additional details on citizenship requirements. Individuals in the selected category must still meet the same conditions (e.g., work, earnings, etc.) as those specified under mandatory coverage . Source of funds Programmes funded by contributions (or partially funded by contributions) Header.PB5a blank Programme name and persons 1 covered (please select from list) Contributions Income base used to calculate contributions Government contributions Additional information (including cross-branch financing) Official sources regarding update Header.PB5a blank Covered person Employer Concise description Minimum Maximum R.EN.PB5.cont. 4 .name_prog EST_4_2 Unemployment insurance R.EN.PB5.cont. 4 EST_4_2 . IP Employees (+) 1.6%. 0.8%. Monthly gross earnings / payroll. None; contributes as an employer. Validated based on Tax rates | Tax and Customs Board (emta.ee): https://www.emta.ee/ariklient/maksud-ja-tasumine/tulumaks-ja-sotsiaalmaks/maksumaarad 1 "Employees (+)" refers to all persons who are covered who are not self-employed (employees, pensioners, and other protected groups where applicable, such as students, unemployed persons, etc.) Programmes with no contributions (government pays the total cost) Header.PB5b blank Programme name Additional notes Yyy zzz R.EN.PB5.noncont. 4 EST_4_1_ALL Unemployment allowance (social assistance) Unemployment benefits Unemployment benefit ( Töötuskindlustushüvitis ; Unemployment insurance ) in effect until 31.12.2025 C.B11. name_b.note_high_level EST_4_2_1 Benefit name (English) Unemployment benefit ZZZ C.B11. name_b_orig EST_4_2_1 Local name Töötuskindlustushüvitis C.B11. name_prog.CRBranch_text EST_4_2_1 Name of related programme Unemployment insurance C.B11. blank.qc EST_4_2_1 Qualifying conditions C.B11. qc EST_4_2_1 Main qualifying conditions Must be aged 16 to the standard retirement age (except for early pensioners), capable of gainful activity, registered as unemployed with an employment office of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund, and involuntarily unemployed with at least 12 months of insured work in the 36 months before registering as unemployed. C.B11. blank.Ben EST_4_2_1 Details regarding benefit C.B11. ben_calc EST_4_2_1 Benefit calculation rules Wage replacement C.B11. multiple.amount.MinBen.MaxBen EST_4_2_1 Benefit amount 60% of reference earnings is paid for the first 100 calendar days; thereafter, 40% of reference earnings. Minimum: €10.90 a day. Maximum: 60 or 40% of 3 times the average wage per calendar day. Validated July 2023 amount based on https://www.tootukassa.ee/et/uudised/alanud-aastal-tousevad-mitmed-eesti-tootukassa-toetused-ja-huvitised | Validated based on Unemployment insurance benefit | Töötukassa (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/en/services/unemployment-insurance-benefit | Editor note: changed the percentage for the first 100 days based on: | https://www.tootukassa.ee/en/services/unemployment-insurance-benefit C.B11. multiple.RefWage.RefWageMin.RefWageMax EST_4_2_1 Definition of reference earnings used in benefit calculation Definition : The insured’s average earnings in the 9 months prior to the 3 months immediately before unemployment began, divided by 30. Minimum: The legal daily minimum wage. Maximum: Three times the national average wage (see Annex). Editor note: I could not validate what the legal daily minimum wage is, and we also don’t include it under reference values above. So I’ve left as is. C.B11. multiple.BenAdjust_Y_N.Benefit_Adjustment EST_4_2_1 Is there a legal obligation to review (and if necessary adjust) the benefit within a defined period (e.g. every year) for inflation, cost of living, etc.? No, ad hoc An unemployment allowance granted in 2025 will continue to be paid in 2026. C.B11. Periodicity EST_4_2_1 Periodicity of benefit payment Periodic C.B11. benLength_full EST_4_2_1 Benefit duration (only if periodic) 180 calendar days with up to 60 months of coverage; 210 calendar days with 60 to 120 months of coverage; or 300 calendar days with at least 120 months of coverage. Under certain labour market conditions, may be extended if the insured had at least 60 months of coverage. Validated based on Payment period of the unemployment insurance benefit | Töötukassa (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/en/services/unemployment-insurance-benefit/payment-period-unemployment-insurance-benefit C.B11. waitPeriod EST_4_2_1 Description of waiting period (and continued payment by employer, if applicable) A waiting period of 7 calendar days. C.B11. blank.info EST_4_2_1 Additional information C.B11. otherInfo EST_4_2_1 Please provide if necessary Unemployment allowance ( Töötutoetus ; Unemployment allowance (social assistance) – was in effect until 31.12.2025 C.B11. name_b.note_high_level EST_4_1_1 Benefit name (English) Unemployment allowance ZZZ C.B11. name_b_orig EST_4_1_1 Local name Töötutoetus C.B11. name_prog.CRBranch_text EST_4_1_1 Name of related programme Unemployment allowance (social assistance) C.B11. blank.qc EST_4_1_1 Qualifying conditions C.B11. qc EST_4_1_1 Main qualifying conditions Must be aged 16 to the normal retirement age (except for early pensioners), capable of gainful activity, registered as unemployed with an employment office of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund, have at least 180 calendar days of employment in the 12 months before registering as unemployed. Employment periods include full-time education, military service, raising a child younger than age 7, treatment in a hospital, caring for a sick person, or periods of disability or detention. C.B11. multiple.test.test_details EST_4_1_1 Type of means test Income test Details (if applicable): Daily personal income must be less than the value of the daily unemployment allowance. C.B11. blank.Ben EST_4_1_1 Details regarding benefit C.B11. ben_calc EST_4_1_1 Benefit calculation rules Flat-rate amount C.B11. multiple.amount.MinBen.MaxBen EST_4_1_1 Benefit amount €10.55 a day. Minimum: See amount. Maximum: See amount. Validated based on Unemployment allowance | Töötukassa (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/en/services/unemployment-allowance C.B11. multiple.BenAdjust_Y_N.Benefit_Adjustment EST_4_1_1 Is there a legal obligation to review (and if necessary adjust) the benefit within a defined period (e.g. every year) for inflation, cost of living, etc.? No, ad hoc N/A An unemployment allowance granted in 2025 will continue to be paid in 2026. #Q2CORR: Kindly specify how often and based on which mechanism or logic the benefit is adjusted.~ C.B11. Periodicity EST_4_1_1 Periodicity of benefit payment Periodic C.B11. benLength_full EST_4_1_1 Benefit duration (only if periodic) Up to 270 calendar days; 210 calendar days for unemployed persons who are dismissed by their employer for a breach of duties, loss of confidence, or indecent act. C.B11. extension EST_4_1_1 Description of extensions May be extended up to the normal retirement age (except for early pensioners) if there are less than 180 calendar days until the beneficiary reaches the normal retirement age (except for early pensioners). C.B11. waitPeriod EST_4_1_1 Description of waiting period (and continued payment by employer, if applicable) A waiting period of 7 calendar days (60 calendar days from the date of registration as unemployed for recently graduated students). C.B11. blank.info EST_4_1_1 Additional information C.B11. otherInfo EST_4_1_1 Please provide if necessary Basic u nemployment insurance benefit ( baasmääras töötuskindlustushüvitis ) C.B11. name_b.note_high_level EST_4_1_1 Benefit name (English) Unemployment allowance ZZZ C.B11. name_b_orig EST_4_1_1 Local name baasmääras töötuskindlustushüvitis C.B11. name_prog.CRBranch_text EST_4_1_1 Name of related programme Unemployment allowance (social assistance) C.B11. blank.qc EST_4_1_1 Qualifying conditions C.B11. qc EST_4_1_1 Main qualifying conditions Must be aged 16 to the normal retirement age, capable of gainful activity, registered as unemployed with an employment office of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund C.B11. multiple.test.test_details EST_4_1_1 Type of means test Income test Details (if applicable): Daily personal income must be less than the value of the daily unemployment allowance. C.B11. blank.Ben EST_4_1_1 Details regarding benefit C.B11. ben_calc EST_4_1_1 Benefit calculation rules Flat-rate amount C.B11. multiple.amount.MinBen.MaxBen EST_4_1_1 Benefit amount € 14.30 a day. Minimum: See amount. Maximum: See amount. Validated based on Unemployment allowance | Töötukassa (tootukassa.ee): https://www.tootukassa.ee/en/services/unemployment-allowance C.B11. multiple.BenAdjust_Y_N.Benefit_Adjustment EST_4_1_1 Is there a legal obligation to review (and if necessary adjust) the benefit within a defined period (e.g. every year) for inflation, cost of living, etc.? No, ad hoc #Q2CORR: Kindly specify how often and based on which mechanism or logic the benefit is adjusted.~ C.B11. Periodicity EST_4_1_1 Periodicity of benefit payment Periodic C.B11. benLength_full EST_4_1_1 Benefit duration (only if periodic) Up to 270 calendar days; 210 calendar days C.B11. extension EST_4_1_1 Description of extensions May be extended up to the normal retirement age if there are less than 180 calendar days until the beneficiary reaches the normal retirement age. C.B11. waitPeriod EST_4_1_1 Description of waiting period (and continued payment by employer, if applicable) Unemployment benefit is generally paid within five working days after the last counseling and upon termination of registration as unemployed within five working days after the decision to terminate the payment of unemployment benefit is confirmed. C.B11. blank.info EST_4_1_1 Additional information C.B11. otherInfo EST_4_1_1 Please provide if necessary Administrative organization Header.PB6.blank blank blank Organization name Type of organization (Please select from list) Related programmes (Y/N) Role in relation to programme (Y/N) Additional information Website Yyy zzz R.EN.PB6. 4 .name_prog UPI. 2 UPI. 2 . EST_4_2 . EST_4_1 Unemployment insurance Unemployment allowance (social assistance) General supervision Regulatory functions 1 Programme administration Payment/delivery of benefits 2 Collection of contributions Other notes on role R.EN.PB6. 4 EST_AO_2 UPI. 2 . EST_4_2 . EST_4_1 Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund Public (independent agency) Y Y N N N Y N Also registers the unemployed. Under the supervision of the Ministry of Social Affairs. https://www.tootukassa.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 4 EST_AO_7 UPI. 2 . EST_4_2 . EST_4_1 Ministry of Social Affairs Public (part of government) Y Y Y Y N N N Supervises the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund. https://www.sm.ee/ R.EN.PB6. 4 EST_AO_10 UPI. 2 . EST_4_2 . EST_4_1 Tax and Customs Office Public (part of government) Y Y N N N N Y https://www.emta.ee/ 1 The institution is in charge of developing and enforcing financial, administrative, or operative regulations for the programme. This is often the same organization that oversees general supervision , but can also be an independent body such as superintendents, health regulators, financial regulators, and pensions regulators. 2 Usually this is the same as the administrating organization, but if a separate organization or set of organizations pays benefits, please ensure it is listed in the table.