Questionnaire 2019

Saatja: Minsu Jeon <[email protected]> Saadetud: 17.10.2019 11:51 Adressaat: <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <vincent.denamur@developpement- durable.gouv.fr>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <marine- [email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; VA_hnt <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]> Koopia: Phil Day <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; Wey Lin TANG (MPA) <[email protected]>; Dave Lewald <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; Francis Zachariae <[email protected]>; Omar Eriksson <[email protected]>; Tom Southall <[email protected]>; Kevin Gregory <[email protected]>; Tomren, Guttorm <[email protected]>; Martin Bransby <Martin.Bransby@gla- rad.org>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; Marie- Hélène Grillet <[email protected]> Teema: IALA Questionnaire 2019 Manused: image001.jpg; IALA Questionnaire 2019.xlsx; Report IALA Questionnaire 2017.pdf Our Ref: TO/C/ARM/19-274 Dear IALA National member, Every four years, IALA carries out a survey to determine trends in the provision of Marine Aids to Navigation. The objective of the survey is to provide statistics on AtoN for which IALA National Members are responsible. The statistics are based on a general questionnaire which was prepared by the IALA Aids to Navigation Requirements (ARM) Committee and reflected matters of interest to IALA members. IALA reflects matters of interest to IALA members and the questionnaire includes sections on organisational responsibility, personnel engaged in AtoN provision, management of both fixed and floating AtoN, sound signals, radio AtoN, VTS, service delivery, AtoN lights and power supply equipment, and funding. The result will be valuable to see the trends, and it will be presented at the next conference. I would like to ask you to take a look at the report of 2017, and If your organisation didn’t answer previous questionnaires, please fill it with the same form attached for better quality statistics. I would be grateful to you if you could return it completed by 18th November 2019. With anticipated thanks and best regards, Minsu JEON Technical Operations Manager Tel +33(0)1 34 51 76 11 - Fax + 33(0)6 76 05 11 38 - email: [email protected] MARINE AIDS TO NAVIGATION STATISTICS IALA QUESTIONNAIRE 2017 Seamus Doyle 10 December 2018 Committee Secretary Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 2 of 50  Executive Summary Every four years, IALA carries out a survey to determine trends in the provision of Marine Aids to Navigation. Up until 2014 the survey was carried out annually. The objective of the survey is to provide statistics on marine aids to navigation for which IALA National Members are responsible. The statistics are based on a general questionnaire which was prepared by the IALA Aids to Navigation Requirements (ARM) Committee and reflects matters of interest to IALA members. The questionnaire includes sections on organisational responsibility, personnel engaged in AtoN provision, AtoN management of both fixed and floating AtoN, sound signals, radio AtoN, VTS, service delivery, AtoN lights and power supply equipment, and funding. This report provides statistics and trends up to 2017 using surveys carried out by IALA in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2017. Responses were received from 25 administrations in 2017 representing approximately 30% of IALA National Members. Respondents include both national and regional AtoN providers. The questionnaire and report provide valuable information on the present status and trends in AtoN provision worldwide. Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 3 of 50  Table of Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 8 2. IALA Membership ................................................................................................................................... 8 3. Questionnaire Methodology .................................................................................................................. 9 4. Respondents ........................................................................................................................................ 10 5. Organisation Responsibility .................................................................................................................. 11 5.1 Organisation responsibility 11 5.2 AtoN category responsibility 11 6. Quality Management ........................................................................................................................... 12 6.1 Quality management tools 12 6.2 Document management 12 7. Marine Aids to Navigation Staff ........................................................................................................... 13 8. Fixed Aids to Navigation including Lighthouses ................................................................................... 15 8.1 Staffed and automated lighthouses 15 8.2 Number of fixed AtoN 16 8.3 Trends in fixed AtoN 17 8.4 Remote controlled lighthouses 18 8.5 Remotely monitored fixed AtoN 18 8.6 Historic lighthouses 19 8.7 Visitor numbers 19 9. Floating Aids to Navigation .................................................................................................................. 20 9.1 Lighted floating AtoN 21 9.2 Unlighted floating AtoN 21 9.3 Trends in floating AtoN 22 9.4 Emergency wreck marking buoys (EWMB) 23 9.5 Buoy construction – steel vs plastic 24 9.6 Remote monitoring of floating AtoN 25 10. Sound Signals ....................................................................................................................................... 25 11. Radio Aids to Navigation ...................................................................................................................... 27 11.1 Differential GPS 27 11.2 Loran 28 11.3 Automatic Identification System (AIS) 28 11.4 Racons 30 12. Vessel Traffic Services .......................................................................................................................... 31 13. Service Delivery .................................................................................................................................... 33 13.1 Contracting out 33 13.2 Vessels 34 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 4 of 50 14. Equipment ............................................................................................................................................ 34 14.1 Types of lights 34 14.2 Traditional optic equipment 35 14.3 LED lanterns 35 14.4 Power systems 36 15. Finance ................................................................................................................................................. 37 ANNEX A IALA Questionnaire 2017 ...................................................................................................... 2 ANNEX B Questionnaire respondents 2010-2017 ................................................................................ 6 ANNEX C AtoN Responsibility by IALA Category .................................................................................. 8 ANNEX D Number of fixed AtoN 2017................................................................................................ 10 ANNEX E Number of Floating AtoN 2017........................................................................................... 11 List of figures Figure 1 IALA membership 2017 8 Figure 2 IALA membership evolution 9 Figure 3 Industrial members by country 2018 9 Figure 4 IALA Questionnaire respondents 2010-2017 10 Figure 5 Number of respondents vs IALA membership 10 Figure 6 Countries that responded to the 2017 questionnaire 10 Figure 7 Countries that responded to one or more questionnaires 2010 to 2017 11 Figure 8 Organisation management 12 Figure 9 Document management certification by country 13 Figure 10 AtoN personnel 2017 14 Figure 11 Average number of personnel per country engaged in AtoN provision 15 Figure 12 Average number of personnel engaged in AtoN provision per lighthouse 15 Figure 13 Percentage staffed and automated lighthouses 16 Figure 14 Number of fixed AtoN per country 2017 16 Figure 15 Distribution of fixed AtoN types 2017 17 Figure 16 Distribution of fixed AtoN by year 17 Figure 17 Trends in fixed AtoN 2010 to 2017 17 Figure 18 Remote controlled lighthouses 18 Figure 19 Percentage of fixed AtoN monitored 18 Figure 20 Historic lights and alternative use 19 Figure 21 Trends for historic lighthouses and alternative use 19 Figure 22 Number of visitors to alternatively used lighthouses 20 Figure 23 Distribution of floating AtoN 2017 20 Figure 24 Number of lighted floating AtoN excluding spar buoys 2017 21 Figure 25 Distribution of fixed AtoN per country by proportion 21 Figure 26 Proportion of unlighted buoys per country 2017 22 Figure 27 Percentage distribution of floating AtoN by AtoN type 2010 to 2017 22 Figure 28 Percentage distribution of floating AtoN by year 23 Figure 29 Emergency wreck marking buoys deployed in 2017 23 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 5 of 50 Figure 30 Proportion of steel and plastic buoys 2017 24 Figure 31 Proportion of steel and plastic buoys per country 2017 24 Figure 32 Percentage of floating AtoN with remote monitoring 25 Figure 33 Percentage of all buoys (excluding spar buoys) fitted with sound signals (bells, gongs, whistles) 2010 to 2017 26 Figure 34 Percentage of all buoys (excluding spar buoys) fitted with bells, gongs, whistles 26 Figure 35 Percentage of lighthouses with fog horns 2010 to 2017 27 Figure 36 Number of DGPS stations reported in 2017 27 Figure 37 DGPS service worldwide based on 2010 to 2017 questionnaires 27 Figure 38 Number of DGPS stations reported by year 28 Figure 39 Loran service based on 2010 to 2017 questionnaires 28 Figure 40 Number of Loran stations reported from 2010 to 2017 28 Figure 41 Deployment of AIS AtoN reported in 2017 29 Figure 42 Method to AIS AtoN deployment 2017 29 Figure 43 Deployment of AIS AtoN (base station, fixed station AtoN, buoys AtoN, Virtual AIS AtoN) 2010 to 2017 29 Figure 44 Annual number of AIS AtoN 30 Figure 45 Annual distribution of methods of AIS AtoN provision 2010 to 2017 30 Figure 46 Racon provision 2017 30 Figure 47 Racon provision on fixed AtoN and buoys 2010 to 2017 31 Figure 48 VTS management by country 2017 31 Figure 49 VTS infrastructure 2017 31 Figure 50 Number of ship reporting systems by country 2017 32 Figure 51 Number of accredited VTS training centres by country 2017 32 Figure 52 Countries reporting VTS management arrangements 2010 to 2017 32 Figure 53 Percentage use of contracting out by country 2017 33 Figure 54 Countries using contracting out for some or all AtoN 2010 to 2017 33 Figure 55 Vessel provision by country 2017 34 Figure 56 Types of lights by county 2017 34 Figure 57 Types of lights 2010 to 2017 35 Figure 58 Use and type of traditional optic equipment 2017 35 Figure 59 Percentage of LED lanterns by country 2017 35 Figure 60 Power systems by country 2017 36 Figure 61 Trends in power systems 2017 36 Figure 62 Respondents charging a levy on shipping 2010 to 2017 37 Figure 63 Countries charging a levy on shipping 2010 to 2017 37 Figure 64 Shipping levy policy by user type per country 2010 to 2017 37 Figure 65 Organisations that impose a commercial shipping levy by country 2010 to 2017 38 Figure 66 Organisations that impose a fishing shipping levy by country 2010 to 2017 38 Figure 67 Figure 61 Organisations that impose a leisure shipping levy by country 2010 to 2017 39 Figure 68 Funding of AtoN organisations 39 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 6 of 50 List of tables Table 1 Summary of quality management tools used by respondents 12 Table 2 Summary of document management certification 12 Table 3 Other document management systems 13 Table 4 Total number of personnel engaged in AtoN provision 14 Table 5 Average number of personnel per country engaged in AtoN provision 14 Table 6 Number of sound signals 2017 25 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 7 of 50  Report on analysis of the IALA Questionnaire 2017 1. INTRODUCTION Every four years, IALA carries out a survey to determine trends in the provision of Marine Aids to Navigation. Up until 2014 the survey was carried out annually. The objective of the survey is to provide statistics on marine aids to navigation for which IALA National Members are responsible. The statistics are based on a general questionnaire which was prepared by the IALA Aids to Navigation Requirements (ARM) Committee and reflects matters of interest to IALA members. This report provides statistics and trends up to 2017 using surveys carried out by IALA in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2017. 2. IALA MEMBERSHIP IALA membership is summarised in the following figures. Countries in which IALA has national members Countries in which IALA has no national members Figure 1 IALA membership 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 8 of 50  Figure 2 IALA membership evolution Figure 3 Industrial members by country 2018 3. QUESTIONNAIRE METHODOLOGY In 2017 a questionnaire in MS Excel spreadsheet format was distributed to all IALA National Members. The responses were summarised into an Excel spreadsheet database structure and combined with the responses from the questionnaires in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014. Excel tools were used to analyse and present the data. In order to normalise the data to show trends average and percentage summaries have been used as detailed in the report sections below. Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 9 of 50 4. RESPONDENTS Responses were received from 25 administrations in 2017. Respondents to all surveys from 2010 to 2017 are shown in Figure 4. Respondents include both national and regional AtoN providers. A full list of respondents is shown in ANNEX B. Figure 4 IALA Questionnaire respondents 2010-2017 The number of respondents per year is shown in Figure 5. Approximately 30% of IALA National Members respond to each questionnaire. Figure 5 Number of respondents vs IALA membership Figure 6 Countries that responded to the 2017 questionnaire Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 10 of 50 Over the period 2010 to 2017 46 countries responded, representing 55% of IALA National Members in 2017. Figure 7 Countries that responded to one or more questionnaires 2010 to 2017 5. ORGANISATION RESPONSIBILITY 5.1 Organisation responsibility 5.2 AtoN category responsibility Questions regarding responsibility for different categories of AtoN was first asked in 2014. Hence data was available for this review from 2014 and 2017. Data from 2017 was used where available while data from 2014 was used for those respondents who did not respond in 2017. Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 11 of 50 Respondents were requested to provide the number of AtoN in the three IALA AtoN Categories for which they were directly responsible and for the total number of AtoN nationally. The results are tabulated in ANNEX C. 6. QUALITY MANAGEMENT 6.1 Quality management tools Based on the surveys from 2010 to 2017, the number of respondents using quality management tools is shown in Table 1. Use of performance indicators, risk management tools and training facilities is shown in Figure 8. Table 1 Summary of quality management tools used by respondents Total % Performance Indicators 44 90% Risk Management 35 71% Training facility 38 78% Figure 8 Organisation management 6.2 Document management Based on the surveys from 2010 to 2017, 67% of respondents reported that they use some form of document management system. Table 2 shows the breakdown. 24% reported that they use both ISO and other document management systems. Table 2 Summary of document management certification Total % ISO certification 26 53% Other certification 19 39% Certification to some standard 33 67% Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 12 of 50  Figure 9 Document management certification by country Other document management systems reported are shown in Table 3. Table 3 Other document management systems Ecoports Certification EFQM EFQM ISM ISO 14001 ISO 9001 /14001 / ROSPA LEVEL 5 ISO EN TRAMITE DE RENOVACION ISO9001, ISO14001, AS/NZS4801 Non certified quality management system NTCGP 1000 E 150 QM is based on ISO 9001 but not certified ROSPA (Safety) Service Quality System (AENOR) 7. MARINE AIDS TO NAVIGATION STAFF Personnel involved in AtoN provision is divided into four groups – office staff, district depots, lighthouses/ lightkeepers, ships/vessels/maintenance. 2017 was the first year with the question on ships/vessels/maintenance so there is no trend for this category. The number of personnel engaged in AtoN provision in 2017 is shown in Figure 10. Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 13 of 50  Figure 10 AtoN personnel 2017 The total number of personnel engaged in AtoN provision over the years 2010 to 2017 is shown in Table 4. Since different administrations with different staffing arrangements and significantly varying numbers of employees respond each year it is difficult to establish a trend from the absolute numbers. Table 4 Total number of personnel engaged in AtoN provision 2010 2011 2012 2014 2017 Staff 3731 2567 7892 1761 1755 District Depot 106 5458 590 3197 4047 Lightkeepers 968 1604 738 857 3986 Ship/ vessel / maintenance 3984 Total excl ship/ maintenance 4805 9629 9220 5815 9788 The personnel numbers are normalised into the average number of personnel per country in Table 5 to provide a view of trends. The differing numbers of AtoN provided by respondents skew the results somewhat. Table 5 Average number of personnel per country engaged in AtoN provision 2010 2011 2012 2014 2017 Staff 170 151 316 68 70 District Depot 5 321 24 123 162 Lightkeepers 44 94 30 33 159 Ship / vessel / maintenance 159 Total per country excl ship/ maintenance 218 566 369 224 392 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 14 of 50  Figure 11 Average number of personnel per country engaged in AtoN provision The personnel numbers are normalised into the average number of personnel per lighthouse in Figure 12 to provide an alternative view of trends. This is probably the most reliable indicator of manning trends but is still subject to the individual respondents in any given year. Figure 12 Average number of personnel engaged in AtoN provision per lighthouse 8. FIXED AIDS TO NAVIGATION INCLUDING LIGHTHOUSES 8.1 Staffed and automated lighthouses Where available, the number of lighthouses was taken from the 2017 responses. Where 2017 data was not available, the most recent data from each respondent was taken back to 2010. Overall 93% of lighthouses are reported to be automated. Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 15 of 50  Figure 13 Percentage staffed and automated lighthouses 8.2 Number of fixed AtoN The number of fixed AtoN reported in 2017 is shown in Figure 14. The numerical values are shown in ANNEX D. Fixed AtoN are categorised as follows: o Major lights (nominal range of 10 NM or over); o Minor lights (nominal range under 10 NM); o Unlit fixed aids (daymarks only); o Leading lines: (Sector lights, Lit ranges, Unlit ranges). Figure 14 Number of fixed AtoN per country 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 16 of 50  Figure 15 Distribution of fixed AtoN types 2017 8.3 Trends in fixed AtoN Figure 16 Distribution of fixed AtoN by year Figure 17 Trends in fixed AtoN 2010 to 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 17 of 50 8.4 Remote controlled lighthouses In general 12% of lighthouses are reported to be remotely controlled. A distinction is made between remote control and remote monitoring and the question only addresses remote control. The use of remote control as reported by all respondents from 2010 to 2017 is shown in Figure 18. Figure 18 Remote controlled lighthouses 8.5 Remotely monitored fixed AtoN In 2017 respondents reported monitoring of fixed AtoN as follows. Figure 19 Percentage of fixed AtoN monitored Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 18 of 50 8.6 Historic lighthouses Historic lighthouses are those with legal protection as historic monuments. Figure 20 Historic lights and alternative use Trends for historic lighthouses and alternative use from responses 2010 to 2017 are as follows. Figure 21 Trends for historic lighthouses and alternative use 8.7 Visitor numbers Visitor numbers to alternatively used lighthouses was reported in 2014 and 2017. Visitor numbers per alternatively used lighthouses were reported as follows. Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 19 of 50  Figure 22 Number of visitors to alternatively used lighthouses 9. FLOATING AIDS TO NAVIGATION Consideration of floating AtoN is divided into lighted and unlighted with spar buoys considered separately. A full list of floating AtoN reported in 2017 is shown in ANNEX E. Floating AtoN are classified as follows. o Major lighted (3m diameter or greater) o Major unlighted (3m diameter or greater) o Medium lighted (1.5-3m diameter) o Medium unlighted (1.5-3m diameter) o Smaller lighted (less than 1.5m diameter) o Smaller unlighted (less than 1.5m diameter) o Spar buoys o Light vessels Figure 23 Distribution of floating AtoN 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 20 of 50 9.1 Lighted floating AtoN The number of lighted floating AtoN reported in 2017 is shown in Figure 24. Figure 24 Number of lighted floating AtoN excluding spar buoys 2017 Figure 25 Distribution of fixed AtoN per country by proportion 9.2 Unlighted floating AtoN Actual number of unlighted buoys is shown in ANNEX E. Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 21 of 50  Figure 26 Proportion of unlighted buoys per country 2017 9.3 Trends in floating AtoN Based on the responses to questionnaires from 2010 to 2017, the following pattern of floating AtoN was indicated. Please note that reporting on spar buoys and light vessels commenced in 2014. Figure 27 Percentage distribution of floating AtoN by AtoN type 2010 to 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 22 of 50  Figure 28 Percentage distribution of floating AtoN by year 9.4 Emergency wreck marking buoys (EWMB) Emergency wreck marking buoys deployed in 2017 is shown in Figure 29. Figure 29 Emergency wreck marking buoys deployed in 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 23 of 50 9.5 Buoy construction – steel vs plastic Figure 30 Proportion of steel and plastic buoys 2017 Figure 31 Proportion of steel and plastic buoys per country 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 24 of 50 9.6 Remote monitoring of floating AtoN Figure 32 Percentage of floating AtoN with remote monitoring 10. SOUND SIGNALS The following numbers of sound signals were reported in 2017. Table 6 Number of sound signals 2017 Country Bells and Gongs Whistles Fog Horns Argentina 0 0 16 Belgium 3 0 2 Canada 233 113 121 Chile 0 0 6 Croatia 0 0 7 England 60 11 23 Germany 3 7 9 Greece 2 0 4 Latvia 1 0 0 Russia 5 0 11 Turkey 0 0 11 Ukraine 0 0 3 USA 610 170 237 Trends for sound signals for the period 2010 to 2017 were reported as follows. Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 25 of 50 Figure 33 Percentage of all buoys (excluding spar buoys) fitted with sound signals (bells, gongs, whistles) 2010 to 2017 Figure 34 Percentage of all buoys (excluding spar buoys) fitted with bells, gongs, whistles Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 26 of 50  Figure 35 Percentage of lighthouses with fog horns 2010 to 2017 11. RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION 11.1 Differential GPS Figure 36 Number of DGPS stations reported in 2017 Respondents from 2010 to 2017 reported DGPS service as shown in Figure 37. Figure 37 DGPS service worldwide based on 2010 to 2017 questionnaires Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 27 of 50  Figure 38 Number of DGPS stations reported by year 11.2 Loran Respondents from 2010 to 2017 reported Loran service as shown in Figure 39. Figure 39 Loran service based on 2010 to 2017 questionnaires Figure 40 Number of Loran stations reported from 2010 to 2017 11.3 Automatic Identification System (AIS) The use of AIS AtoN is summarised in Figure 41. No AIS repeaters were reported. Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 28 of 50  Figure 41 Deployment of AIS AtoN reported in 2017 Figure 42 Method to AIS AtoN deployment 2017 Use of AIS AtoN as reported from 2010 to 2017 is shown in Figure 43. Figure 43 Deployment of AIS AtoN (base station, fixed station AtoN, buoys AtoN, Virtual AIS AtoN) 2010 to 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 29 of 50  Figure 44 Annual number of AIS AtoN Figure 45 Annual distribution of methods of AIS AtoN provision 2010 to 2017 11.4 Racons Figure 46 Racon provision 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 30 of 50  Figure 47 Racon provision on fixed AtoN and buoys 2010 to 2017 12. VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICES Figure 48 VTS management by country 2017 Figure 49 VTS infrastructure 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 31 of 50  Figure 50 Number of ship reporting systems by country 2017 Figure 51 Number of accredited VTS training centres by country 2017 Figure 52 Countries reporting VTS management arrangements 2010 to 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 32 of 50 13. SERVICE DELIVERY 13.1 Contracting out Figure 53 Percentage use of contracting out by country 2017 Figure 54 Countries using contracting out for some or all AtoN 2010 to 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 33 of 50 13.2 Vessels Figure 55 Vessel provision by country 2017 14. EQUIPMENT 14.1 Types of lights Figure 56 Types of lights by county 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 34 of 50  Figure 57 Types of lights 2010 to 2017 14.2 Traditional optic equipment Figure 58 Use and type of traditional optic equipment 2017 14.3 LED lanterns Figure 59 Percentage of LED lanterns by country 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 35 of 50 14.4 Power systems Figure 60 Power systems by country 2017 Figure 61 Trends in power systems 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 36 of 50 15. FINANCE Based on the questionnaires from 2010 to 2017, a levy on shipping is charged as follows. Figure 62 Respondents charging a levy on shipping 2010 to 2017 Figure 63 Countries charging a levy on shipping 2010 to 2017 Figure 64 Shipping levy policy by user type per country 2010 to 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 37 of 50 The chart in Figure 65 shows shipping organisations in each country that impose a levy on shipping. Figure 65 Organisations that impose a commercial shipping levy by country 2010 to 2017 Figure 66 Organisations that impose a fishing shipping levy by country 2010 to 2017 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 38 of 50  Figure 67 Figure 61 Organisations that impose a leisure shipping levy by country 2010 to 2017 Figure 68 Funding of AtoN organisations Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 39 of 50 ANNEX A IALA QUESTIONNAIRE 2017 IALA QUESTIONNAIRE ON MARINE AIDS TO NAVIGATION YEAR: 2017 (please insert the country name COUNTRY NAME: here) ORGANIZATION LEVY ON SHIPPING (Marine Aids to Navigation service fees) NAME OF YOUR ORGANIZATION: When Do these do organization TYPE OF YOUR ORGANIZATION: Do these mariner What types of s use public organizations TYPE OF AUTHORITY: s pay ships pay (State) funds charge any fess? fees? and/or fees to users? (free private text) funds? Commercia QUALITY MANAGEMENT (Does your organization use:) Your organization: l Public PERFORMANCE INDICATORS ISO CERTIFICATION Fishing Private RISK MANAGEMENT TOOLS OTHER CERTIFICATION Leisure National Commercia organization: l Public ORGANIZATION RESPONSIBILITIES (Please select one or more): Fishing Private AtoN PROVIDER VTS Leisure Private organizations Commercia SUPERVISION OF AtoN PROVIDERS AQUACULTURE : l Public Other AtoN TRAINING OFFSHORE PETROLEUM organization Fishing Private HYDROGRAPHIC SERVICES SEA DUMPING s within Leisure your Port Commercia PILOTAGE RENEWABLE ENERGY country: authorities: l Public AIS MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING Fishing Private Leisure Provincial Commercia MARINE AIDS TO NAVIGATION STAFF (Please give numbers): authorities: l Public MAIN OFFICE: LIGHTHOUSES: Fishing Private DISTRICT DEPOTS: SHIPS / VESSELS: Leisure Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 2 of 50  Regional Commercia authorities: l Public MARINE AIDS TO NAVIGATION (Please give numbers for each category): Fishing Private Directly responsible for: Total national: Leisure AtoN category 1 AtoN category 1 GENERAL COMMENTS AND FUTURE INTENTIONS (please use the free text box AtoN category 2 AtoN category 2 below) AtoN category 3 AtoN category 3 FIXED MARINE AIDS TO NAVIGATION INCLUDING LIGHTHOUSES (Please give numbers): Remote Alternative Automated Staffed: controlled - : : ly used: LIGHTHOUSES With legal : protection Number as Open to of visitors historical public: last year: monument s MAJOR LIGHTS (nominal range of 10 NM or over): MINOR LIGHTS (nominal range under 10 NM): UNLIT FIXED AIDS (daymarks only): LEADING Sector Unlit LINES: lights Lit ranges ranges PERCENTAGE MONITORED: FLOATING MARINE AIDS TO NAVIGATION (Please give numbers for each category): Major size (diameter of 3.0 M and over): Lit: Unlit: Steel: Plastic: Medium size (diameter of 1.5 to 3.0 M): Lit: Unlit: Steel: Plastic: Smaller size (diameter under 1.5 M): Lit: Unlit: Steel: Plastic: Other buoys: Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 3 of 50  Spar buoys: lightvessels Emergency wreck buoys: (deployed in 2017) PERCENTAGE MONITORED: SOUND SIGNALS Bells/Gong Whistles Fog s : signals RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION Differential GPS (DGPS) Number of stations: Number of Loran transmitters: Number of chains: Automatic Identification Base stations: Systems (AIS) Repeaters: On fixed aids: On buoys: Virtual AIS deployed: Racons Installed on fixed aids: Installed on buoys: Comments: (e.g. future trends…) VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICES (VTS). Does your organization have: National legislation for the appointment of a competent authority: National legislation for the appointment of a VTS authority: Use of IALA Guideline 1014 on Accreditation and Approval Process for VTS Training: VTS personnel trained according to IALA recommendation V-103: Accident statistics for the VTS areas: Near-miss statistics for the VTS areas: Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 4 of 50  Number of VTS centres: Number of VTS areas: Number of SRS: Number of VTS centres operating outside territorial waters: Number of organizations accredited for VTS training: SERVICE DELIVERY (please give numbers) Marine Aids to Navigation under external contract (in percentage): Vessels owned/operated: Vessels under external contract/ charter: EQUIPMENT Additional questions on service equipment (please give numbers): Laser lights in service: Traditional rotating optics: Blue lights in service: Mercury baths: LED lanterns in service (in percentage): Converted optics: Structures illuminated: Power systems (please give numbers): Generator Hybrid Solar: Mains: : : Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 5 of 50 ANNEX B QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONDENTS 2010-2017 Country 2010 2011 2012 2014 2017 Argentina 1 1 1 Australia 1 1 1 1 Australia (B) 1 Belgium 1 1 1 1 Bermuda 1 1 1 Brazil 1 1 1 Bulgaria 1 1 Canada 1 1 1 1 Chile 1 1 1 Colombia 1 Croatia 1 Cuba 1 Cyprus 1 1 Denmark 1 1 1 1 1 Ecuador 1 1 1 1 England 1 1 1 1 England (B) 1 Estonia 1 1 Finland 1 1 1 1 1 France 1 1 1 Germany 1 1 1 1 1 Greece 1 1 Indonesia 1 Ireland 2 1 1 1 1 Italy 1 Japan 1 1 Korea 1 1 Latvia 1 Malaysia 1 1 Mauritius 1 Mexico 1 Netherlands 1 New Zealand 1 Norway 1 1 1 Oman 1 1 1 Panama 1 Portugal 1 1 1 1 Russia 1 Scotland 1 1 1 1 1 Singapore 1 South Africa 1 Spain 1 Sweden 1 1 Turkey 1 1 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 6 of 50  Country 2010 2011 2012 2014 2017 Ukraine 1 1 1 1 1 United Kingdom (B) 1 USA 1 USA (B) 1 Venezuela 1 Grand Total 22 17 25 26 25 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 7 of 50 ANNEX C ATON RESPONSIBILITY BY IALA CATEGORY Number of AtoN Directly responsible National Country Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Argentina 381 1326 272 381 1326 272 Australia 960 1762 5470 960 1762 5470 Belgium 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bermuda 10 100 32 10 100 32 Brazil 3274 1748 1337 3274 1748 1337 Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0 0 Canada 1861 10774 4672 1861 10774 4672 Chile 70 837 739 70 837 739 Colombia 135 92 0 135 92 0 Croatia 270 374 305 270 374 305 Cuba 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprus 0 0 0 0 0 0 Denmark 186 1971 4382 186 1971 4382 Ecuador 64 289 70 64 289 70 England 154 949 10733 154 949 10733 Estonia 176 345 626 176 345 626 Finland 0 0 0 0 0 0 France 0 0 0 0 0 0 Germany 1837 3930 4850 1837 3930 4850 Greece 140 1092 363 140 1092 363 Ireland 69 592 1964 69 592 1964 Italy 150 1662 1174 150 1662 1174 Japan 975 2783 2719 975 2783 2719 Latvia 123 93 92 123 93 92 Netherlands 165 1665 2222 165 1665 2222 Norway 0 0 0 0 0 0 Portugal 53 86 939 53 86 939 Russia 1622 2501 476 1622 2501 476 Scotland 423 1344 784 423 1344 784 Singapore 0 70 100 0 70 100 Spain 334 1097 1482 334 1097 1482 Sweden 563 373 167 563 373 167 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 8 of 50  Number of AtoN Directly responsible National Country Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Turkey 240 180 191 240 180 191 Ukraine 119 106 502 119 106 502 USA 1281 10092 22544 1281 10092 22544 Venezuela 0 406 0 0 406 0 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 9 of 50 ANNEX D NUMBER OF FIXED ATON 2017 Leading Major Minor Unlighted Country Unlighted sector lights lights ranges lights Argentina 82 477 213 29 27 Belgium 3 30 4 13 1 Bermuda 5 64 70 1 0 Brazil 217 525 0 10 Bulgaria 2 14 3 0 0 Canada 522 2489 1801 73 656 Chile 113 682 292 4 0 Croatia 58 748 169 0 6 Denmark 150 106 569 37 0 Ecuador 65 43 4 4 4 England 66 453 13 1 0 Finland 45 0 5063 367 2505 France 19 70 153 16 43 Germany 108 1653 4925 49 12 Greece 171 1424 0 0 0 Ireland 65 2 16 26 0 Italy 222 641 0 0 0 Japan 437 3184 107 17 0 Latvia 27 69 5 3 2 Russia 510 2546 1543 101 11 Scotland 105 101 23 50 1 Sweden 242 861 210 718 210 Turkey 172 314 0 3 0 Ukraine 59 231 39 17 22 Usa 350 9978 10020 18 33 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 10 of 50 ANNEX E NUMBER OF FLOATING ATON 2017 Medium Medium Smaller Smaller Major Major lighted unlighted lighted unlighted Spar Light Country lighted unlighted (1.5-3m (1.5-3m (<1.5m (<1.5m buoys vessels (3m dia) (3m dia) dia) dia) dia) dia) Argentina 7 0 1070 68 24 54 25 1 Belgium 179 1 32 0 110 6 7 0 Bermuda 0 0 30 46 0 26 26 0 Brazil 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bulgaria 18 0 35 0 86 0 0 0 Canada 16 13 1115 121 1962 7398 Chile 52 35 8 7 8 0 23 0 Croatia 0 0 78 12 16 0 0 0 Denmark 3 0 119 0 211 33 620 0 Ecuador 12 0 218 0 82 0 0 0 England 382 3 68 8 0 0 0 9 Finland 0 0 0 0 1487 88 16111 0 France 0 0 52 83 0 0 0 0 Germany 10 0 1192 179 204 2708 150 2 Greece 81 0 0 0 54 0 0 0 Ireland 8 0 69 0 42 0 0 0 Italy 0 0 114 13 0 0 0 0 Japan 53 0 1118 21 16 0 166 0 Latvia 0 0 0 0 149 20 20 0 Russia 0 0 1881 591 207 783 Scotland 125 0 39 0 4 0 0 0 Sweden 0 0 359 3 160 108 70 4308 Turkey 125 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ukraine 51 0 236 69 110 44 1 0 USA 0 0 4545 598 0 18527 0 0 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 11 of 50 Report IALA Questionnaire 2017 Page 12 of 50