Parandatud vaidlustus

Request for Review – Procurement 284958 To: Public Procurement Review Committee Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Estonia Suur-Ameerika 1, 10122 Tallinn, Estonia [Via Riigihangete Register or other applicable channel] Date: 9 May 2025 Teema: Taotlus ülevaatamiseks – SMART Simulators Limited pakkumise tagasilükkamine hanke 284958 raames Hanke pealkiri : " Mitmefunktsionaalse raudteesõiduki simulaatori ost – Tallinna Tehnikakõrgkool " Lugupeetud Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjoni liikmed , SMART Simulators Limited nimel esitan austavalt taotluse ülevaatamiseks seoses hankija otsusega 29. aprillil 2025 meie pakkumise tagasilükkamise kohta RHS § 115 lg 8 alusel , viidates " ebamõistlikult madalale hinnale ". Me väidame , et see otsus põhines valedel eeldustel ja puudulikul tõendite ja selgituste kaalumisel , mida me esitasime . Austavalt palume komisjonil otsust üle vaadata järgmistel põhjustel : Täielik vastavus nõuetele ja läbipaistev selgitus Meie pakkumine tunnistati vastavaks RHS § 114 lg 1 alusel . Vastuseks hankija päringutele esitasime selged ja üksikasjalikud selgitused meie QA dokumentides ( viited : SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC , Scope 250221 RevA ja General Description 250217 RevA ). Need sisaldasid : Meie konkurentsivõimelise hinna põhjendust , toetatud kulude viidetega ja võrreldavate paigaldustega (UK, Gruusia , EL). Meie tarnimise ja renoveerimise mudeli üksikasju – rõhutades kulutõhusust olemasoleva simulaatori laua taaskasutamise ja kohapealse kokkupaneku tõttu Tallinnas või Leedus , vältides kulukat rahvusvahelist transporti . Seda toetab ka dokumenteeritud fakt , et meie direktor ja peamine aktsionär on leedulane . Selgitus , et rajatised hangitakse või renditakse vastavalt vajadusele pärast lepingu sõlmimist , järgides meie tüüpilist projektiseadistuse protsessi . Peamise varustuse kulude selgitus , sealhulgas liikumisplatvormide jaemüügihind avalikel tarnijate veebilehtedel , kinnitades meie pakkumist . Palun vaadake [ https://motionsystems.eu/products/]( https://motionsystems.eu/products/) Meilt ei küsitud täiendavaid toetavaid arveid ega hinnajaotusi peale juba esitatute . Olime valmis ja jääme valmis neid esitama ametliku päringu korral . Tagasilükkamise põhjenduse valed eeldused Hankija näib olevat järeldanud , et kinnitatud töökoha aadressi puudumine tähendab peamiste koostude rahvusvahelist transporti . See on ebatäpne ja meie selgitusdokumentides selgelt ümber lükatud . Nagu märgitud , loome tavaliselt ajutisi kohalikke rajatisi vastavalt projekti asukohale ega kanna rahvusvahelisi transpordikulusid eeldatud viisil . Lisaks eeldus , et konkreetsete simulaatorielementide (nt liikumisplatvormi ) kulud olid alahinnatud , ei arvesta avalikult kättesaadavat jaemüügihinda ja meie sisearenduse ja hanketõhususe kulueelist . Näidatud tehniline üleolek ja tarnimisvõimekus Oleme järjekindlalt näidanud kõrgemat graafilist realismi ja süsteemi küpsust kui teised pakkujad – teave , mis oli hankijale kättesaadav avalike dokumentide ja meie viidete kaudu . Meie praeguste UK klientide (nt Avanti West Coast , EMR) varasema töö tulemuslikkuse kontrollimiseks ei võetud samme , hoolimata võimalusest seda teha otseülekande või viitekõnede kaudu . Konkurentsivõimeliste pakkumiste lai erinevus peegeldab spetsifikatsiooni ebaselgust , mitte pakkumise riski Saadud pakkumised ulatuvad alla 300 000 eurost üle 3 miljoni euroni . See äärmuslik erinevus viitab mõne tarnija raskustele tehnilise spetsifikatsiooni tõlgendamisel , mis peaks ajendama lähemalt kaaluma väärtust ja realismi , mitte automaatselt kõige konkurentsivõimelisema pakkumise välistamist . Taotlus heastamiseks : Seetõttu palume : RHS § 115 lg 8 alusel tehtud tagasilükkamisotsus tühistada . Hankijale antaks juhis küsida täiendavaid dokumente , mida nad peavad vajalikuks meie hinnapõhjenduse kinnitamiseks . SMART Simulators Limited taastataks hanke 284958 hindamisprotsessis . Austavalt palume komisjonil kaaluda kaasnevat dokumentatsiooni ja seda kirja meie ametliku kaebusena . IN English Subject: Request for Review – Rejection of Tender by SMART Simulators Limited in Procurement 284958 Procurement Title: "Purchase of a Multifunctional Railway Vehicle Simulator – Tallinn University of Applied Sciences" Dear Members of the Public Procurement Review Committee, On behalf of SMART Simulators Limited, I respectfully submit this request for review concerning the decision made by the Contracting Authority on 29 April 2025 to reject our tender submission under RHS § 115 lg 8, citing an “unreasonably low price.” We contend that this decision was based on incorrect assumptions and incomplete consideration of the evidence and clarifications we provided. We respectfully request that the Committee review the decision, based on the following grounds: 1. Full Compliance with Requirements and Transparent Clarification Our offer was accepted as compliant under RHS § 114 lg 1. In response to requests from the Contracting Authority, we provided clear, detailed clarifications in our QA documents (refs: SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC , Scope 250221 RevA , and General Description 250217 RevA ). These included: - Justification for our competitive pricing, supported by cost references and comparable installations (UK, Georgia, EU). - Details on our delivery and refurbishment model—highlighting cost efficiency due to the reuse of an existing simulator desk and localized reassembly at sites such as Tallinn or Lithuania, avoiding costly international shipping. This is further supported by the documented fact that our Director and main Shareholder is Lithuanian. - Clarification that facilities will be procured or rented as needed once the contract is awarded, following our typical project setup process. - A clear explanation of main equipment costings, including the retail price of motion platforms available on public supplier websites, validating our offer. Please refer to https://motionsystems.eu/products/ At no point were we asked for additional supporting invoices or pricing breakdowns beyond those already supplied. We were prepared and remain willing to provide these upon formal request. 2. Incorrect Assumptions in Rejection Rationale The Contracting Authority appears to have inferred that the absence of a confirmed workshop address implies international shipment of major assemblies. This is inaccurate and was clearly refuted in our clarification documents. As noted, we routinely establish temporary local facilities based on project location and do not incur international shipment costs in the manner assumed. Further, the assumption that the cost of specific simulator elements (e.g., the motion platform) was understated fails to consider the public retail pricing available and the cost advantage of our in-house development and procurement efficiencies. 3. Demonstrated Technical Superiority and Delivery Capability We have consistently demonstrated higher graphical realism and system maturity than the other bidders—information that was available to the Authority through public documentation and our references. No steps were taken to verify or validate our past performance with our current UK clients (e.g., Avanti West Coast, EMR), despite the feasibility of doing so through live demonstration or reference calls. 4. Wide Disparity in Competing Bids Reflects Specification Ambiguity, Not Bid Risk The bids received range from under €300,000 to over €3 million. This extreme variance suggests difficulty by some suppliers in interpreting the technical specification, which should prompt closer consideration of value and realism, not automatic exclusion of the most competitive bid. Request for Redress: We therefore request that: 1. The rejection decision under RHS § 115 lg 8 be annulled. 2. The Contracting Authority be directed to request any additional documentation they consider necessary to confirm our price justification. 3. SMART Simulators Limited be reinstated in the evaluation process for procurement 284958. We respectfully request the Committee to consider the accompanying documentation and this letter as our formal appeal. Yours faithfully, Paul Williamson Solution Architect SMART Simulators Limited Contact: +44 07412 590 188 | Email: [email protected] Mr Ian Duffy Director SMART Simulators Limited Contact: +44 07525 725 370 | Email: [email protected] Attachments: - SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC - SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA - SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA - Rejection Notice ( Riigihanke 284958) - Supporting Emails / Clarifications from Riigihangete Register Appeal – Procurement 284958 / Vaidlustus – Riigihange 284958 To / Adressaat: Public Procurement Review Committee / Riigihangete Vaidlustuskomisjon Ministry of Finance / Rahandusministeerium Suur-Ameerika 1, 10122 Tallinn, Estonia / Eesti Submitted by / Esitaja: SMART Simulators Limited Contact person / Kontaktisik: Ian Duffy, Director / Direktor Email / E-post: [email protected] Date / Kuupäev: 13 May 2025 / 13. mai 2025 Subject / Teema: Appeal – Rejection of Bid in Public Procurement “Multifunctional Railway Simulator Purchase (Tallinn University of Applied Sciences)” (ref. 284958) Vaidlustus – Pakkumuse tagasilükkamine hankes „Raudteeveeremi multifunktsionaalse simulaatori ostmine (Tallinna Tehnikakõrgkool)“ (viitenumber 284958) Dear Committee / Lugupeetud Vaidlustuskomisjon, We hereby appeal the 29 April 2025 decision of the contracting authority (Riigi Tugiteenuste Keskus) to reject our bid as unreasonably low, based on § 115(8) of the Public Procurement Act (RHS). SMART Simulators Limited esitab käesolevaga vaidlustuse Riigi Tugiteenuste Keskuse poolt 29.04.2025 tehtud otsusele, millega tunnistati meie pakkumus põhjendamatult madala maksumusega pakkumuseks RHS § 115 lg 8 alusel. We believe the decision is based on incorrect assumptions and incomplete consideration of the evidence and clarifications we submitted. We provided detailed explanations, including: Leiame, et otsus põhineb vääradel eeldustel ja ebatäielikul informatsioonil. Oleme esitanud hankijale mitmekülgsed selgitused, sealhulgas: - Comparable project references and pricing rationale (Scope and General Description documents); - Projektide võrdlusandmed ja hinnastamise selgitused („Scope“ ja „General Description“ dokumendid); - Clarification of delivery and works location (e.g., Estonia or Lithuania, not UK return shipping); - Täpsustused tööde teostamise asukoha kohta (nt kohapealne töö Eestis või Leedus, mitte seadmete tagasisaatmine Ühendkuningriiki); - Price validation of motion platform components with public references; - Liikuva platvormi hinnakujunduse kinnitamine avalikult kättesaadavate viidetega; - Performance evidence from UK-based customers such as Avanti and EMR. - Viited meie varasematele projektidele Ühendkuningriigis (nt Avanti ja EMR). **Appeal Claim:** We request the annulment of the decision made under § 115(8) to reject our bid. **Vaidlustuse ese:** Palume tühistada otsus, millega meie pakkumus kõrvaldati RHS § 115 lg 8 alusel. We request that the appeal be reviewed in written procedure. Soovime, et vaidlustus vaadatakse läbi kirjalikus menetluses. The state fee of €1280 has been paid, and the payment confirmation is enclosed. Riigilõiv summas 1280 eurot on tasutud, maksekinnitus on lisatud. We thank the Committee for its consideration and remain available to provide any further clarification as needed. Täname komisjoni kaalutletud menetluse eest ja oleme valmis esitama lisainfot vajadusel. Sincerely / Lugupidamisega, Ian Duffy Director / Direktor SMART Simulators Limited __________________________ 14/05/2025 __________________________ Ian Duffy, Director Date / Kuupäev Digitally signed by / Digitaalselt allkirjastatud isiku poolt Attachments / Lisad: - Proof of State Fee Payment / Maksekinnitus (riigilõiv 1280 EUR) - SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC - SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA - SMART General Description 250217 RevA - Original Appeal Letter (English) / Esialgne vaidlustuskiri (inglise keeles) Machine Translated by Google Open procurement procedure "Purchase of a multifunctional simulator for railway vehicles (Tallinn)" Technical College)" reference number 284958 rejection of the tender of the bidder SMART SIMULATORS LIMITED on the basis of unreasonably low cost Pursuant to Section 114(1) of the Public Procurement Act, the tender of the tenderer SMART SIMULATORS LIMITED is declared to be responsive, as it complies with the conditions set out in the basic public procurement documents. Due to the technical solution of the Public Procurement Register, the contracting authority must take the action of rejecting the tender so that a tenderer whose submitted price is unreasonably low pursuant to Section 115 of the Public Procurement Act does not participate in the further procurement procedure. The total cost of the tender submitted by the tenderer constitutes only 9% of the cost of the tender with the highest cost, 64% of the cost of the tender with the next highest price and only 43% of the estimated cost of the public procurement, which is why the contracting authority had doubts whether the tenderer had submitted an unreasonably low cost tender. Case law has found that the contracting authority must have doubts that the cost of the tender is unreasonably low when the difference between the price of the tender and the estimated cost of the work to be performed is strikingly different (decision of the Administrative Chamber of the Supreme Court of 02.12.2015 in case no. 3-3-1-50-15, paragraph 23). On the basis of Section 115(1) of the Public Procurement Act, the contracting authority asked the tenderer to explain in detail the total cost of the submitted tender through the public procurement register on 20.02.25. The tenderer responded within the deadline, providing explanations for the total cost of the submitted tender, but explained very generally that the price had been determined based on their previous experience in building simulators. The contracting authority submitted a clarifying question to the tenderer regarding the location of the modernization of the existing control panel of the simulator through the public procurement register on 13.03.25 and requested a response with the country and address. The tenderer responded on time, but only explained that it depends on the location of suppliers and partners, thus failing to provide precise information regarding the location of the modernization, but explained that the company itself is located in the UK. In the course of the inspection pursuant to Section 115(1) of the RHS, the contracting authority has in this case checked whether the cost of the tender includes all the work estimated by the contracting authority and the necessary resources, including labor, transport, etc., and whether the price offered is realistic. The tenderer has submitted the cost of transport, including insurance, as part of the total cost, which amounts to 8687 euros. The tenderer's response of 19.03.2025 explains that the simulator can be assembled in Wroclaw, Poland, as well as in rented premises in Latvia or Estonia, i.e. no specific location of the work has been submitted. The response shows that the location of the simulator assembly has not yet been decided and therefore the contracting authority must assume that the control panel will be transported to the United Kingdom, to the company's headquarters, located at 71-75 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London, United Kingdom, or based on the responses submitted on 19.03.2025 to Mallard Way, Pride Park, Derby, DE24 8GX. Using the freely available map application Google Maps, the contracting authority checked the theoretical possibilities for transport. According to the map, it is possible to reach the tenderer's address from Tallinn, the location of the contracting authority, in 30 hours if you do it by car and 4 h 15 min if you fly by plane. According to the map, the distance is 2598 km. For comparison, the tenderer, whose headquarters are in Warsaw, which is 976 km away, has estimated that the cost of transport, including insurance, is 8908 euros. According to the contracting authority, it is not realistically plausible that it is possible to cover such different distances with essentially the same transport cost. However, since the simulator control panel mentioned in the client's technical specifications requires special transport, both by land and by air, the estimated transport cost is not credible and therefore the total cost of transport provided by the bidder is unreasonably low. Machine Translated by Google Analyzing the price list for the cost of building the simulator and taking into account the explanations of the bidder and the cost of the submitted reference work (East Midlands Railway Limited - Class 170 Simulator refurbishment, cost 241 480 GBP), it appears that the current bid is priced at essentially the same cost. The transport costs and the higher cost of the 6-way moving platform have not been sufficiently taken into account (the Class 170 Simulator has been built on a simpler moving platform, according to the answers given to the contracting authority that 6-way moving platforms are not used in the UK). The bidder claims that the platform has become cheaper, costing between 60,000 and 100,000 euros, but has not provided any substantive sources to substantiate its claim, and it is not possible to confirm this claim based on the bids of other bidders. The prices of mobile platforms in competing bids are significantly higher. The procurer estimates that the cost of the simulator's mobile platform is unreasonably low. In summary, this is an unreasonably low total cost in relation to the estimated cost of the public procurement, as the bidder's estimate of the cost of the parts of the item being sold, including the cost of transportation, is significantly different from the contracting authority's estimate of the volume of work, including transportation, when calculating the estimated cost of the public procurement. Having assessed the explanations provided by the bidder, the contracting authority is convinced that the examples of previous work provided in the explanations of the cost provided by the bidder are not fully transferable to the subject of this procurement contract. The contracting authority has assessed the tender as a whole and, in addition to the price difference, additional circumstances have been identified (for example, uncertainty regarding the location of the simulator modernization, the difference between the subject of the procurement contract and the bidder's previous reference projects), which cast doubt on the seriousness of the tender and the bidder's ability to complete the procurement contract on time and properly. Pursuant to Section 115(8) of the Public Procurement Act, the contracting authority finds that the cost of the tender is unreasonably low and rejects the tender. Avatud hankemenetluse „Raudteeveeremi multifunktsionaalse simulaatori ostmine (Tallinna Tehnikakõrgkool)“ viitenumber 284958 pakkuja SMART SIMULATORS LIMITED pakkumuse tagasi lükkamine põhjendamatult madala maksumuse alusel Riigihangete seaduse § 114 lg 1 alusel tunnistada pakkuja SMART SIMULATORS LIMITED pakkumus vastavaks, sest see vastab riigihanke alusdokumentides esitatud tingimustele. Riigihangete registri tehnilisest lahendusest tulenevalt peab hankija tegema pakkumuse tagasi lükkamise tegevuse, et pakkuja, kelle esitatud maksumus on RHS § 115 kohaselt põhjendamatult madal, ei osaleks edasises hankemenetluses. Pakkuja esitatud pakkumuse kogumaksumus moodustab kõige kõrgema maksumusega pakkumusest maksumusest vaid 9%, hinna paremuselt järgmisest pakkumuse maksumusest 64% ning riigihanke eeldatavast maksumusest vaid 43%, mistõttu tekkis hankijal kahtlus, kas pakkuja on esitanud põhjendamatult madala maksumusega pakkumuse. Kohtupraktikas on leitud, et hankijal peab tekkima kahtlus, et pakkumuse maksumus on põhjendamatult madal siis, kui pakkumuse hinna ja teostatavate tööde eeldatava maksumuse vahe on silmatorkavalt erinev (Riigikohtu halduskolleegiumi 02.12.2015 otsus asjas nr 3-3-1-50-15, p 23). RHS § 115 lg 1 alusel palus hankija pakkujal üksikasjalikult selgitada esitatud pakkumuse kogumaksumust läbi riigihangete registri 20.02.25. Pakkuja vastas tähtaegselt, esitades selgitused esitatud pakkumuse kogumaksumusele, kuid selgitas väga üldiselt, et hind on kujunenud nende varasemate simulaatorite ehitamise kogemuste põhjal. Hankija esitas täpsustava küsimuse pakkujale simulaatori olemasoleva juhtpaneeli moderniseerimise asukoha kohta läbi riigihangete registri 13.03.25 ja palus riigi ja aadressi täpsusega vastust. Pakkuja vastas tähtaegselt, kuid selgitas ainult, et see oleneb tarnijate ja koostööpartnerite asukohast, jättes seega vastamata täpsed andmed moderniseerimise asukoha kohta, kuid selgitas, et ettevõtte ise asub Suurbritannias. RHS § 115 lg 1 kohase kontrolli käigus on hankija käesoleval juhul kontrollinud, kas pakkumuse maksumuses sisalduvad kõik hankija prognoositud tööd ja selleks vajalikud vahendid mh tööjõud, transport jms ning kas pakutud hind on reaalne. Pakkuja on esitanud kogumaksumuse ühe osana transpordi sh kindlustuse maksumuse, mille summaks on 8687 eurot. Pakkuja vastuses 19.03.2025 selgitatakse, et simulaatori koostamine võib toimuda nii Wroclawis, Poolas kui ka rendipindadel Lätis või Eestis, ehk esitatud ei ole konkreetset töö teostamise asukohta. Vastusest nähtub, et simulaatori koostekohta ei ole veel otsustatud ja seetõttu peab hankija eeldama, et juhtpaneel transporditakse Suurbritanniasse, ettevõtte peakontorisse, mis asub aadressil 71-75 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London, United Kingdom või siis 19.03.2025 esitatud vastuste põhjal aadressile Mallard Way, Pride Park, Derby, DE24 8GX. Kasutades vabalt kätte saadavat kaardirakendust Google Maps kontrollis hankija teoreetilisi võimalusi transpordiks. Kaardi andmetel on võimalik Tallinnast, tellija asukohast, kui teha seda sõiduautoga jõuda pakkuja aadressile 30 tunniga ja 4 h 15 min kui lennata lennukiga. Vahemaaks on kaardi andmetel 2598 km. Võrdluseks pakkuja, kelle peakorter on Varssavis, kuhu on 976 km, on hinnanud, et transport sh kindlustuse maksumus on 8908 eurot. Hankija hinnangul ei ole eluliselt usutav, et sisuliselt sama transpordi maksumusega on võimalik nii erinevaid vahemaid läbida. Kuna tellija tehnilises kirjelduses nimetatud simulaatori juhtpult(paneel) vajab siiski eritransporti ja seda nii maismaa kui ka õhu kaudu, siis eeldatav transpordi maksumus ei ole usutav ja seega on ka pakkuja esitatud kogumaksumus transpordi osas põhjendamatult madal. Analüüsides simulaatori ehitamise maksumuse hinnatabelit ja arvestades pakkuja selgitusi ning esitatud referentstöö maksumust (East Midlands Railway Limited - Class 170 Simulator refurbishment, cost 241 480 GBP) nähtub, et käesolev pakkumus on hinnastatud sisuliselt samaväärse maksumusega. Piisavalt ei ole arvestatud transpordikuludega ja 6-suunalise liikuva platvormi kallima maksumusega (Class 170 Simulator on teostatud lihtsama liikuva platvormi peale vastavalt hankijale antud vastustele, et 6-suunalisi liikuvaid platvorme UK-s ei kasutata). Pakkuja väitel nimetatud platvorm on odavnenud, makstes vahemikus 60-100 000 eurot, kuid ei ole lisanud sisulisi allikaid oma väite tõendamiseks ning ka teiste pakkujate pakkumuste põhjal ei ole võimalik seda väidet kinnitada. Konkureerivate pakkumuste liikuvate platvormide hinnad on märkimisväärselt kõrgemad. Hankija hinnangul on simulaatori liikuva platvormi maksumus põhjendamatult madal. Tegemist on kokkuvõttes põhjendamatult madala kogumaksumusega riigihanke eeldatava maksumuse suhtes, kuivõrd pakkuja hinnang müüdava asja osade maksumusele, sh ka transpordi maksumusele on oluliselt erinev hankija hinnangust töömahule, sh transpordile riigihanke eeldatavat maksumust kalkuleerides. Olles hinnanud pakkuja esitatud selgitusi, on hankija veendunud, et pakkuja esitatud maksumuse selgitustes toodud näited varasematele töödele ei ole kogu ulatuses ülekantavad käesolevale hankelepingu esemele. Hankija on hinnanud pakkumust tervikuna ning lisaks hinnaerinevusele on leidnud tuvastamist täiendavad asjaolud (näiteks ebaselgus simulaatori moderniseerimise asukoha suhtes, hankelepingu eseme erinevus pakkuja varasemate referentsprojektidega), mis seavad kahtluse alla pakkumuse tõsiseltvõetavuse ja pakkuja võimekuse hankelepingut tähtaegselt ja nõuetekohaselt täita. RHS § 115 lg 8 alusel leiab hankija, et pakkumuse maksumus on põhjendamatult madal ning lükkab pakkumuse tagasi. Simulator Scope & QA Project ID#: ES25-01 Talinn University of Applied Sciences Prepared for: Document Version: C Sandra Nuudi Document issued: 17/03/25 Document valid to: Client Company 30/06/25 Riigi Tugiteenuste Keskus Confidentiality Statement This document and the information in it are provided in confidence for the sole purpose of exploring business opportunities between Smart Simulators Limited and the Client Company nominated. All information contained herein may not be disclosed to any other party without the express written permission of Smart Simulators Limited. Authors Initial Name Role Last Review Date AL Alex Levcuk Operations Director 17/03/25 ID Ian Duffy Commercial Director 17/03/25 PW Paul Williamson Solution Architect 17/03/25 Authorities This document has been authorised for release by the undersigned. Ian Duffy, Director Revisions Revision Version Description Issue Date A Initial Release based email query regarding price & scope 21/02/25 B Updated with clarifications to questions issued 05/03/25 06/03/25 C Updated with clarifications to question issued 13/03/25 17/03/25 SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Clarification ............................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1.1 Clarification 05/03/25 & 13/03/25........................................................................................................ 4 1.2 Our Experience .......................................................................................................................... 4 1.3 High-Level Scope of Supply ....................................................................................................... 5 2 Comparable Installations ........................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Stadler KISS Full Console Simulator – Georgia - 2017 ............................................................. 8 2.3 GWR 769 Full Console Simulator – UK - 2019 ......................................................................... 8 2.4 Avanti West Coast – UK 2023................................................................................................... 8 2.5 Hull & Lumo Trains – UK 2024 ................................................................................................. 9 2.6 East Midlands Railway .............................................................................................................. 9 2.7 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 9 3 QA Clarification 05/03/25 .................................................................................................... 10 3.1 Clarification on Development Methodology and Specification Detail ..................................... 10 3.2 Responses to Contracting Authority’s Questions .................................................................... 11 3.3 Mapping the Technical Requirements to our General Description ......................................... 15 3.3.1 General Part ............................................................................................................................................ 15 3.3.2 2. Technical Requirements .................................................................................................................... 16 4 Workshop location clarification question 13/03/25............................................................ 19 4.1 Smart modernisation location plan ......................................................................................... 19 4.1.1 Recent deliveries in the UK .................................................................................................................... 19 4.1.2 Recommendation for the Tallinn Simulator .......................................................................................... 21 SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 3 Clarification 1 CLARIFICATION 1.1 Purpose The team at SMART are pleased to offer our quotation to the Talinn University of Applied Sciences via the procurement process. We appreciate the pricing offered can be lower than offered by other suppliers and offer our confirmation as follows: 1) We understand the full scope of your request detailed in 284958_RVMS_TECHNICAL_SPECIFICATION_ENG_RTK and the impact of the various requirements in the associated documents and rules of the procurement. We accept these in full. 2) We have the full capability to deliver your project, we regard it as low risk for reasons I will explain below. 3) Our price is reasonable, yes it is very competitive and sometimes we would like to charge more, but we can compare it to other successful projects to give you some confidence. Apart from this explanation, this document does not contain any technical details or offers that are not in your specification or the General Description document we offered to provide some additional evidence of our experience and methods. 1.1.1 Clarification 05/03/25 & 13/03/25 In response to questions issued 05/06/25 we have continued this document with the responses in Section 3 & 4 below, It is our practice to capture all QA in one document so we can attach it to our specification and contract. 1.2 Our Experience Smart Simulators have been delivering high-specification Rail Driver Training Simulators (Simulators) to the UK and European markets since 2008 and have been developing our current version of software since 2015. To date, we have delivered 439 simulators world-wide, 84 Train Classes running on over 7,700 miles of high-realism routes. Figure 1. Siemens Eurorunner Simulator on Motion SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 4  We entered the UK market with delivery of the Class 769 Full Console simulator with 40 miles route from Reading to Gatwick in 2018-2019, along with a Siemens Freight Simulator with 3-axis motion for R&D at Siemens NTAR in Northampton. We then delivered 2 x 390 Pendolino Full Consoles to Virgin (now Avanti West Coast) in Crewe and Glasgow with 70 miles of West Coast Mainline. In 2022 we delivered 2 x Full Cab Pendolino 390s and 2 x Hitachi 805s to Avanti West Coast and then 2 x Hitachi 802s to Hull and Lumo in Newcastle along with the East Coast Mainline from Kings Cross to Edinburgh. In 2024 EMR received 6 Desktop Simulators with high-fidelity software using part of the East Coast Mainline route. We have since converted EMR’s 170-class simulator from another vendor using our electronics and software. All of our simulators have been regarded as state-of-the art hardware and software. The Graphics quality and realism is considered best-in-class. Our software interface for Instructors is highly intuitive and we are receiving many requests to replace other vendors software. We are also working to deliver AR and AI-enhanced training systems so our expertise and capability grows. Our software is the same across Full Cabin, Console and Desktop simulators. Following the disruptions in eastern Europe and Ukraine we have established our business in the UK and serve all markets from our new UK home. Our development team is distributed across Asia, Europe and the UK to give us access to the best talent and capacity to scale rapidly for larger projects. 1.3 High-Level Scope of Supply The following table breaks down the scope of supply at a high level to describe the main functional elements of a Simulator Facility. The Quantity column shows the quantity and main cost-drivers for the delivery, change in these may require a change in costs and therefore the price. The detail of this is described already in your Specification and we have attached our statement of compliance which takes precedence in detail over the table below. We are offering this table as a summary to confirm our understanding. Table 1 High-level Scope of Supply Deliverable Description Quantity Simulator Project One delivery project to be delivered within a timeframe 1 project – based on an existing simulator desk and train routes approx. 12-17 months Project Language All interfaces, training and documentation will be in 1 English, Labels and signs in the train will be in whatever language language they are on the train. Simulator Facility One Simulator to be delivered to an existing Facility for 1 facility - testing, integration and acceptance. Talinn. Full Driver’s Upgrade the existing Full Console for use in the Simulator 1 - refurb console Driver’s Cabin Add a Full Cabin enclosure for the Driver’s Console 1 Instructor One multi-screen Instructor Desktop Station to be installed 1 Station per the Specification. Observer Displays for observers and instructors per specification 1 to 4 Station (SVP) Portable Tablet A portable Windows Tablet for remote control of a scenario 1 SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 5  Deliverable Description Quantity Motion System A 6-dof motion system suitable for use in the room 1 provided (height 4.1m). Connectivity Simulator and Instructor Station will be on a local network Firewalled for development and then deployed on a sandboxed and on client firewalled network partition of the client’s network, with network. high-quality Internet access. Connection is not required for Training function. Virtual Train Two similar Stadler Flirt Class – EMU and DMU versions. 2 similar train class Safety & ALSN with ERTMS and ETCS Per Spec Signalling Radio & DER, Intercom & GSM-R type digital radio systems, real Per Spec Communcations radio heads used if available with modified controllers. Rolling Stock Train-specific faults that are simulated in the Desktop Per TDR Faults controls, screen displays, DMI screens and Fault Trainer as scope appropriate. Virtual Railway Selection of Estonian Routes with opportunity to video 5 each Route CGI Route Estonian Railway Lines, multi – gauge, high detail 153km approx Route type Regional line with crossings and roads Per Spec Route Builder Our ARM tool that we use to build routes Stations Detailed Stations & routings for stopping stations in Per actual simulated sections only. Low detail stations for non- Route stopping stations along simulator route sections. Depot One depot location – based on one real depot, with roads, 1 plus signals and buildings (non-interactive items such as shunting washers included if data can be provided) stations Signalling & ETCS and ERTMS 1 system Control Seasons & Seasonal skins and weather with transitions and weather- Current Weather builder scheduling. Includes time of day, sun position and Updated night view with lights. Will be updated to use Dust & Sand library for in place of Snow and Mist hazards based on video and data Estonia from the customer. These will only apply for above-ground (90% sections. already) Hazards Selection of Track Hazards, obstructions and events, plus Current any extras included in the Spec. Library plus others as per spec SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 6  Deliverable Description Quantity Other Trains, Multiple other trains in different Livery, plus wagons Per spec track vehicles Buildings & Automatic lighting on station platforms and Per Spec Lighting buildings/rooms and underground equipment. and Route Bridges, Above ground / elevated sections (if any) where they occur Per Spec crossings & on the Route. and Route cars Operational Per specification, plus existing library if desired. Per Spec Incidents Passengers & Local European Passenger library per specification. Per Spec Track Workers Support Technical Services following Commissioning & Acceptance 3-24mo Training & 1-1 Training for master user during testing, 1 x 1 day 2-4 wks Experimental training session post-signoff. 90 days onsite/remote onsite & 3 Train Running updates for missed software defects. mo remote Warranty Warranty on Hardware and IT components including minor 24 m to spares on-site. No parts cost to replace under warranty. be Labour costs covered under the Technical Support service. covered under Spares Design Life 20 years with periodic Maintenance and Refresh to avoid 20 years obsolescence Environmental A configuration with minimum energy use, maximum use Included Plan of recyclable materials and ISO14000 compliance or equivalent. Maintenance Bi-Annual Maintenance and Updates during Warranty Annual Plan Period (2Y) and Annual for 4Y after. Tech Refresh 8 years for Computer platforms and major IT Components 8 years Timeline Technical Business hours Helpdesk Ticketing system with remote Annual Support access to support Users and Master User per SLA. Remote Service Monitoring 24x7 web-based dashboard. SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 7 2 COMPARABLE INSTALLATIONS 2.1 Purpose SMART international projects typically span 9-15 months for delivery of one or more full-cabin simulators, with or without motion. We benchmark a number of global suppliers who deliver a reasonable standard of simulator. Your pricing is close to our benchmark for a Full-console simulator with a moderate regional CGI Route (150-300km) with modern signalling and safety systems. In Talinn, the case is different yet similar: • You already have a full-console for the Driver – this is a value of approximately 100,000 EUR to build if you consider the extra costs of project management and sourcing all of the parts. • You have added a Motion Console – this used to be quite costly – 150K EUR for 6dof plus project costs, but there are numerous capable suppliers in Europe now who can deliver a modern unit for 60-100K including project costs. • A full cabin is effectively a simple aluminium box with some added panels to replicate doors and windows – these are not expensive to make. • You have asked for a number of extra trains, but your 2 classes to be controlled are similar and we already have much of this in our European databases. • Support Requirements – you have asked for a reasonable level of service that is not expensive to deliver – we are happy to offer this in our price in order to win your business and grow a good relationship with your university. • Use of Track builder, R&D and Innovation. We consider ourselves innovators and have already built the tools you ask for for our own use. We can also work with VR and AR training tools and are interested in joining you as you find interesting new ways to use the simulator. • We already have a strong EU Route model and a very efficient workflow that allows us to build large routes to a high level of quality and detail. 2.2 Stadler KISS Full Console Simulator – Georgia - 2017 Georgina Railways purchased 2 simulators in 2017 – one being a Stalder Kiss and the other an old electric locomotive. The simulators were Console-desks only and shared 300km of mountain-routes with 2 major cities. While these are not SMART simulators, we have experience and knowledge of this project. These were installed for approx. USD 300,000 each Console. Some suppliers bid 2 x this amount. 2.3 GWR 769 Full Console Simulator – UK - 2019 Our team delivered 1 full console simulator for a new class 769 D/EMU multi-mode including 80km of complex routes around the major city of London and to Gatwick Airport. This included digital GSMR for which we re-programmed real GSMR heads instead of making replicas. This project had a limited budget of GBP 210,000 or EUR 255,000 (approx.) A Support and Maintenance SLA was £10k per annum. 2.4 Avanti West Coast – UK 2023 Avanti West Coast ran an open tender for 4 full cabin simulators for the Hitachi Class 805 & 807 DEMU / EMU Intercity trains, 2 of which were installed in a major London Station (Euston) which can be complicated and costly. The CGI Route was 120km with several major stations. That project value SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 8  came to £250k per simulator with an additional £10k each in Support SLA. Other bidders offered £300-400k per simulator. 2.5 Hull & Lumo Trains – UK 2024 Hull and Lumo purchased Full-console variations of the Hitachi Intercity (class 802 and 803 DEMU and EMU) with ETCS and a route of nearly 1200km. Costs for these were £500k each but this included the extensive Route, ETCS development plus 4 years of upgrade budgets for additional route development. 2.6 East Midlands Railway We have provided the Class 170 refurbishment for EMR in your procurement system so won’t repeat it here, but you will see it is comparable for a similar scope of work (excluding Motion – these systems are not used in the UK due to space limitations and cost). 2.7 Conclusion We hope you find this explanation helpful. We value the opportunity to work with your University and will be pleased to provide any further information you require. Letters are available to confirm values on request, please allow some time for our clients to provide them. You are welcome to visit our installations at Avanti, Hull, Lumo or EMR (Derby, UK) to see our quality and effectiveness of our simulator software. The 769 train at GWR is out of service and so our simulator is no longer used and in storage. We do not serve the Georgia project but we are proud to have delivered some of the components – the Route is beautiful and forced the development of new CGI methods that we have benefited from in our own projects. SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 9 3 QA CLARIFICATION 05/03/25 3.1 Clarification on Development Methodology and Specification Detail Our approach to simulator development follows a structured design and validation methodology, ensuring that all client requirements are met with the most suitable technology and system architecture. As outlined in the General Description, our process is based on progressive refinement, where detailed specifications, including exact numerical values for components and system parameters, are finalized during the design phase. This phased approach ensures that: 1. Correct Equipment Selection – We analyze available technologies and select components that best meet the client’s specific operational and performance needs. 2. Client-Specific Customization – We work with the client to define operational parameters, such as motion platform settings, control resistance, and scenario configurations, to align with their expectations. 3. Future-Proofing & Scalability – Our modular design (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 3.7) ensures the simulator can be expanded or modified based on long-term operational goals. By structuring the project in this way, we guarantee that the final system configuration reflects the best possible alignment between client requirements and cutting-edge simulation technology. If required, we can provide example configurations from previous projects as reference points for discussion during the detailed design phase. We have provided a statement of full compliance against the client’s technical specification clauses, confirming that our solution meets or exceeds the required capabilities. However, rewriting our General Description to fit their exact specification at this stage would effectively mean completing the Design Phase and producing a Technical Design Requirements (TDR) document—a deliverable typically developed in collaboration with the client after formal project initiation. This approach ensures both flexibility and precision, allowing us to deliver a fully optimized, client- specific simulation system. We also prefer not to parrot a client’s specification back at them in the affirmative as this is a cynical practice and does not give a coherent view of a full simulator solution. In this case – you have a very detailed specification and a schedule to confirm compliance. We have confirmed full compliance and provided our General Description to provide examples, a coherent process and extra possibilities that may have been missed. This way topics silent in the specification are brought out, avoiding problems later in the project. We do note, however, that the PDF of our General Description has a broken Table of Contents – which does not help search or navigation through the structure of the document. We will be happy to send a fixed version if allowable. We have added some description following our QA to guide key RVMS specification clauses to the descriptive examples in the General Description. We offer our apologies for not doing this sooner. This does not add any further detail to our tender, it is only to aid in navigation and understanding. SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 10 3.2 Responses to Contracting Authority’s Questions 1. What warranty obligations are included in the tender, where can the contracting authority find them in the tender, and are they linked to Russian or Belarusian suppliers? The simulator is covered by a two-year on-site manufacturer’s warranty, with four years of free software updates. The General Description (Sec. 20.1 – 20.6) outlines our warranty scope, process, reporting, and documentation requirements as examples, we have explicitly complied with the RVMS clauses in the schedule provided. This offering is based on our standard UK support model, an approach developed with ScotRail in 2008 and refined since. The detailed requirement for the RVMS is different in some areas and we have explicitly confirmed compliance in your schedule, we can update the documentation to comply with the specific requirements, using our proven approach in areas where the specification is silent. Changes ca be agreed during the Design phase to clarify details of specific equipment and processes. Additionally, we confirm that no Russian or Belarusian parts, software, or suppliers are used in our supply chain, for supply or support. 2. Are any Russian or Belarusian components (equipment, software, Russian-developed software modules) used in the proposal? No, we do not use any Russian or Belarusian components, software, or suppliers. Our hardware and software solutions are sourced from trusted international suppliers that comply with European regulatory standards. 3. The contracting authority has identified in the tender that there is mention of the KLB-U system on page 85 of the technical description. Can you please clarify: a) Do you use the KLB-U system in developing the simulator? No, we do not use the KLB-U system in our simulator. Any reference to it in the documentation is likely historical or illustrative and does not reflect our final design. We do not use any HIL – Hardware in the Loop modelling or control in our usual specification. All simulations are software based. b) What role does the KLB-U system have in the tender? The system has no role in the tendered solution and is not part of our design, supply, or implementation unless specified. Historically, devices and information about ERTMS and ETCS has been fragmented and only recently (2024) in the UK has an agreed standard been released by Network Rail. We will update our General Description to use this as an illustration in the future to avoid confusion. We did note the requirement for ALSN in VEPS which is the successor technology for KLUB-U. We are able to include ALSN simulation if and where required by the train systems as part of our compliance to the specification. 4. The contracting authority has identified descriptions and examples in Russian in the tender (e.g., pages 83, 85). Can you clarify the origin of these materials? Any Russian-language materials included in the documentation are historical references from previous simulator projects and are not indicative of current or future implementations. While Smart Simulators has not and will not trade in Russia or other high-risk countries (Burma, North Korea, Iran, USA..) we have worked on train systems that use legacy Russian systems and documentation. Our team has experience in many regions and often have English, German, Russian and other languages as their first – allowing us to better work with our clients. Sadly not a lot of Estonian (or Ukrainian any more) so we have English as our primary business language. For this project, we confirm that: SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 11  • All software, interfaces, and documentation will be provided in English and/or Estonian on agreement. • No Russian software, equipment, or suppliers are involved in this tender in compliance with the clauses in your procurement conditions. 5. How does the audio system support the required multichannel setup, where can the contracting authority find this information in the tender, and does it contain any components from Russia/Belarus? The General Description (Sec. 4.9.1 – 4.9.4) provides details on the audio system’s multichannel setup, which supports 5.1 and 3D spatial audio. We also provide demonstrations in our reference clients and videos showing multichannel VOIP audio to give flexible audio solutions for Driving, Instruction, Signalling, Dispatch and Intercom. Additionally, we confirm that no Russian or Belarusian components are used in our audio system or in any part of our simulator. 6. Please clarify where the production facility is situated, where the modernization of the simulator will take place. Our production and modernization take place in the UK and Europe. Specific integration and testing may be performed at multiple facilities to ensure compliance with the customer’s requirements. We have workshops in UK and Lithuania to serve the European market, and can utilise facilities in India and Australia for local projects. For Europe our preference is UK due to the disruption being caused by regional conflict and interference, and proximity to our Directors and main engineering staff. 7. Where in the tender can the contracting authority find information that the equipment is compatible with ETCS, ALSN, and ERTMS safety systems? Compatibility with ETCS, ALSN, and ERTMS is described in the General Description (Sec. 7.6, 10.6), confirming that our simulator integrates signalling, automatic train control, and European safety standards. We can demonstrate ETCS as used in UK in our installed simulators on arrangement. 8. Where in the tender can the contracting authority find information about full compatibility of the modernized equipment with the RVMS system? The simulator is fully compatible with RVMS system architecture, including hardware and software integration. The General Description outlines our flexible PC-based architecture in Sec 3, while inclusion of Driver interfaces and controls are covered in Sec 4. Our Software descriptions show all the train systems included in Sec 7 with the control interface for the Instructor, and Section 10 explains the virtualisation of train systems to work with the simulated world. I’m not sure we’ve fully answered this questions as it is quite broad, please advise if more detail is needed. SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 12  9. Where in the tender can the contracting authority find information that the simulator supports 6 degrees of freedom (6 DoF), specified translational acceleration range is ±2.0 m/s², and speed ±0.3 m/s? What technologies are used to implement these parameters? The General Description (Sec. 4.8) confirms support for 6 degrees of freedom (6 DoF) motion simulation. The exact acceleration and speed values are finalized during the design phase to ensure correct equipment selection. We work with a range of suppliers in Europe for Motion Systems and have also developed our own. For Estonia, we have identified suppliers in Poland as being the likely solution but will confirm the final supplier during the Design phase once key questions about room clearances and fit-for-training use cases are understood. At a minimum, we have explicitly confirmed compliance in your schedule as requested. 10. Where in the tender can the contracting authority find that the instructor station visualization system supports 4K UHD (3840x2160) resolution and a refresh rate of at least 60 Hz? The General Description (Sec. 6.1, 7.4) details that the instructor’s console supports high-resolution multi-screen visualization with a refresh rate of 60 Hz or higher, meeting the specified requirements. Sec 4.7.1 describes our overall vision solution that is reflected in both the Driver’s cabin and Instructor Station. 60 HZ is a minimum frequency level. 4K is also confirmed. It should be noted that large format screens are 4K by default, only smaller laptop or in-console screens use lower resolution these days. 11. Does the audio system support multichannel sound (multichannel), what spatial audio technologies are used (5.1, 7.1, 3D spatial audio), and how is the acoustic environment of the simulator implemented? Yes, the audio system supports 5.1 and 3D spatial audio. The General Description (Sec. 4.9.1 – 4.9.4) details the implementation of directional audio cues, Doppler effects, train sounds, and environmental noise replication to create a realistic acoustic environment. 12. What emergency scenarios (derailments, collisions, malfunctions, emergency braking) are provided in the simulator that is already described in the tender, and can they be customized according to the customer's requirements? The simulator includes a range of emergency scenarios, such as: • Derailments • Collisions • Brake failures • Environmental hazards (track obstructions, extreme weather conditions) These scenarios are detailed in the General Description (Sec. 7.8, 7.9, 7.14) and are fully customizable based on the customer’s specific needs. Sec 8.5 and 9.3 give further examples but the Instructor screens in Sec 7 show the most recent. All are available for RVMS and will be tailored to the Stadler with others added/customised as required. 13. Where in the tender can the contracting authority find information on how the cab and control elements comply with Stadler Flirt Estonia type, what technical differences may exist, and how is full compliance ensured? SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 13  The General Description (Sec. 4.3.1, 4.3.2) confirms that the driver’s cab and control elements match Stadler Flirt Estonia-type trains. Any technical differences will be identified and resolved during the design phase, ensuring full compliance. Our Sections 13-15 describe our process to ensure the fidelity of the simulator controls and interfaces. Given the RVMS is supplying a full console, this is the starting standard for fidelity. 14. Where in the tender can the contracting authority find information on how the simulator supports the ARM (Autonomous Railway World Formation Module) functionality, allowing the customer to independently create and modify scenarios, routes, landscapes, architecture, tracks, switch points, control systems, and other infrastructure elements? This functionality is generally referred to as ‘Track Building’ and traditionally is a cut-back set of functions to meet this requirement in name only. Historically it has not been possible to re-create railways to our level of quality and detail without being specially trained. Over time we have expanded our functions to add and update tracks, signals and features – these can be seen in Sec 9.3 and all of Sec 7 but we’ve not documented the signal editing tools or other track building in this General Description. We have confirmed compliance in the Schedule provided as we have recently released a Track builder that can be used by your Instructors to build to our quality level the Tracks, world and signalling. This is a world first – other vendor solutions build a poor quality version of their worlds. Our builds to the level demonstrated in our description and videos in Sec 9 and delivers the functionality described in Sec 7. This means that: • The customer can create and modify railway networks, routes, and infrastructure. • The module allows real-time scenario customization and adjustments to track layouts, landscapes, and signalling systems. • Quality levels are maintained. We can demonstrate this and provide further detail on request, this will require some level of confidentiality and be treated as a Trade Secret. We hope these responses confirm that: • We meet all technical requirements outlined in the specification. • We do not use any Russian or Belarusian parts, suppliers, or software. • Detailed system parameters are refined in collaboration with the client during the design phase. Let me know if you need further refinements or additional supporting details. SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 14 3.3 Mapping the Technical Requirements to our General Description To aid in navigation of our General Description by non-simulator or training personnel we have added a mapping of requirements to the RVMS specification. This should not contain any new detail but may make the job of assessment easier. 3.3.1 General Part 1.1 Main Requirements for the Railway Vehicle Multifunctional Simulator (RVMS) We confirm that our proposed simulator meets all the specified requirements for an RVMS, consisting of: • One (1) Trainee’s Station on a moving platform (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 4.8) • One (1) Instructor’s Station (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 6) • A cluster of computers/servers (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 3.6) • Simulator Software (ARM & STR) (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7) • One (1) Portable Control Tablet (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 6.2) • One (1) Observation Area with SVP Panel (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 6.3) The system includes a six-degree-of-freedom motion system for simulating real train dynamics (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 4.8). The system will accommodate both 1520mm and 1435mm track gauges, ensuring compatibility with Estonian railway infrastructure (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 9.1). 1.2 Placement of the Simulation Training Centre We confirm our ability to adapt and integrate the RVMS into the Tallinn University of Applied Sciences facility. We will provide a full installation and commissioning service (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 16). 1.3 General Conditions and Requirements All components provided will be new, fully functional, and include all necessary software licenses. Our offer includes a four-year full maintenance service (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 22). 1.4 Scope of Use • Educational Function: Supports comprehensive train driver training (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 18). • Competency Training Function: Enables detailed assessment and certification of drivers (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.14). • Research and Development Function: The simulator will support railway modelling and analysis (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 12). 1.5 Full Maintenance Service We confirm our ability to provide on-site maintenance, spare parts, and software updates for four years post-warranty (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 22.1). 1.6 RVMS Price and Support The proposal includes delivery, installation, disposal of packaging, and a three-day on-site training session, with an 8-hour follow-up training after initial operation (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 18.5). 1.7 User Support and Maintenance The system will include 24/7 remote monitoring and 5x10 user support with an 8-hour response time for reported issues, ensuring minimal downtime (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 19.5, 19.7). 1.8 Warranty SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 15  A two-year on-site warranty with four years of free software updates is provided (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 20). 1.9 Opportunities for Enhancement The modular design allows for future expansions, software updates, and hardware enhancements (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 3.7). 1.10 Training Requirements We will provide comprehensive training for at least four operators, covering software use, scenario creation, system diagnostics, and maintenance (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 18.3, 18.4). 1.11 Environmental Sustainability and Compatibility Our system adheres to energy efficiency, modularity, and eco-friendly materials to ensure compliance with sustainability goals (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 16.6, 16.10). 3.3.2 2. Technical Requirements 2.1 Trainee’s Station 2.1.1 General Equipment for the Simulation Training Centre The simulation training centre will be equipped with a high-fidelity training environment, incorporating full-motion simulators, high-resolution visual displays, and immersive audio systems (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 4.7, 4.9). The entire setup ensures an optimal training and evaluation environment for train drivers. 2.1.2 Requirements of the Trainee’s Station, Railway Train Driver’s Cabin The Trainee’s Station will feature a full-scale replica of the train driver’s cabin, installed on a six-degree- of-freedom motion platform (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 4.1, 4.8). The control layout will match actual Stadler Flirt Estonia-type trains, ensuring realistic force feedback and control resistance (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 4.3.1). 2.1.3 Trainee’s Station Visualization System The system will employ 4K UHD resolution screens or high-quality projection systems, covering the front, side, and rear windows for a 360-degree immersive experience (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 4.7). The system supports dynamic lighting conditions, weather effects, and real-time environmental changes (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 8.5). 2.1.4 Trainee’s Station Functionality All simulator controls, including throttle, brake levers, signaling devices, and safety systems, will operate as per real-world functionality (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 4.3.2). The system supports real- time interaction with railway control systems, radio communications, and passenger management systems (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 4.3.5, 4.3.6). 2.1.5 The Sound System of the Trainee’s Station The sound system includes directional audio cues, train movement sounds, environmental noises, and in-cab alerts to provide an authentic and realistic acoustic environment (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 4.9). The system will replicate communication sounds, emergency announcements, and external warnings (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.10). 2.2 Content and Functionality of the Railway Vehicle Multifunctional Simulator 2.2.1 Simulation of Events The simulator supports various operational scenarios, including station departures, acceleration, braking, coupling/uncoupling, and speed control (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.3, 7.5). The system allows manual and automatic scenario control, enabling real-time adjustments to training conditions (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.7). 2.2.2 Simulation of Atypical Incidents SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 16  The system can simulate a range of emergency situations, including signal failures, track obstructions, sudden braking events, passenger alarms, and environmental hazards (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.8, 7.9). The instructor can manually introduce or automate faults and failures, ensuring adaptive learning experiences (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.14). 2.3 Simulation Range of Railway Network Lines The system includes a high-fidelity digital replica of Estonian railway lines, ensuring accurate track layouts, signal placements, and infrastructure elements (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 9.1, 9.2). The simulator enables custom route creation and modification, ensuring scalable and adaptive training (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 9.3). 2.4 Instructor’s Station 2.4.1 Instructor’s Station Visualization System The instructor’s console includes multiple high-resolution displays for real-time monitoring of trainee performance, track overview, and scenario control (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 6.1, 7.4). The system provides instant replay and debriefing functionality, enhancing post-training assessment (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.12, 7.14). 2.4.2 The Sound System of the Instructor’s Station The instructor’s station will feature integrated radio communications, public address systems, and directional audio monitoring (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.10). The system allows instructors to simulate real-time voice commands, faults, and emergency communications (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.9, 7.10). 2.4.3 Instructor’s Station Software The instructor’s software allows scenario customization, event triggering, and real-time trainee assessment (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.2, 7.5). The system supports automated reporting and performance tracking, ensuring effective skill evaluation and certification (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.14). 2.5 Observation Area The observation area includes large-format display screens for group training and scenario review (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 6.3). The area is configured for debriefing, performance analysis, and instructor-led discussions (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.16). 2.6 Portable Control Tablet A wireless tablet-based control interface enables remote scenario management, real-time trainee monitoring, and environmental adjustments (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 6.2). The tablet allows instructors to move freely while maintaining full control of the simulator (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.5). 2.7 Railway Vehicle Multifunctional Simulator Software (STR and ARM) 2.7.1 Library of Animated 3D Models of Surrounding Environment Objects and Rolling Stock The system includes a vast 3D library of rolling stock, railway infrastructure, and environmental elements to ensure visual authenticity and operational accuracy (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 8.6, 9.2, 10.1). 2.7.2 Library of 3D Animated Objects and Models of Tracks, Road Vehicles, and People A comprehensive automated system controls autonomous road traffic, pedestrian movement, and environmental animations, creating a realistic operational landscape (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 9.3). 2.7.3 Train Composition Module The system supports real-time train configuration, allowing users to modify rolling stock compositions and operational settings (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.11, 10.2). 2.7.4 Autonomous Railway World Creation Module (ARM) The simulator enables dynamic route editing, track condition adjustments, and operational scenario SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 17  modifications through an intelligent, instructor-driven interface (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 7.7, 7.13). This needs more description, though, as mentioned in the previous QA. 2.8 Railway Vehicle Multifunctional Simulator Software Security Requirements The system includes secure authentication, encrypted communications, and robust backup solutions to ensure data integrity and simulator reliability (Ref: SMART Gen Desc, Sec. 3, 7.15, 7.16). SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 18 4 WORKSHOP LOCATION CLARIFICATION QUESTION 13/03/25 Dear Sir / Madam, we are pleased to clarify the following question below: The Contracting Authority would like to ask clarification about the answers you submitted lastly about the tender you have submitted. Please clarify where the production facility is, where the modernization of the simulator will take place? Please specify the exact country and address. Please respond as soon as possible, but no later than within 3 working days, i.e. no later than 19.03.2025. 4.1 Smart modernisation location plan The location for modernisation of the Console Simulator will vary by supplier and their location. Smart Simulators is based in the UK with skilled employees based in Latvia, Lithuania and London, as well as supply chain in Poland and Italy. The task to modernise your Console Simulator can be summarised as follows for the hardware-only parts: 1. Survey and assess the Console and planned training room while in Talinn. 2. Design the solution with approvals and inputs from the client: a. Any changes to the Console and controls required b. Cabin structure and contents c. Motion platform constraints (weight, room height, safe clearances and access). 3. Confirm components and supplier locations, finalise logistics and locations for steps 4-7. 4. Re-fit Console controls with electronic controllers 5. Fit the Console onto a new floor and fit the rest of the cabin structure and panels 6. Mount and test the Cabin on the new Motion Platform 7. Commission on-site with final Instructor and Monitor equipment. 4.1.1 Recent deliveries in the UK Historically Smart has designed and procured sub-assemblies and components from suppliers in the UK and EU and then assembled them on the customer’s site over a 2-week period, including commissioning. This counts for all our UK deliveries to-date. We ship components flat-pack and assemble on-site. On the rare occasion we must work with a pre- assembled cabin we upgrade on-site or hire a workshop nearby the customer’s location. This eliminates bulky international shipping and the likelihood of in-transit misalignment on trucks and train containers. Where some offsite electronics work is required, we have done this in UK office facilities, the latest located at Mallard Way, Pride Park, Derby, DE24 8GX. Larger structures can be stored securely at Hasker Farm, Callow, Derby DE6 3JY with a large space for electronics work and light fabrication. To do this, we have a proven design and manufacturing process, with good confidence it will work first time. For example: • East Midlands Railway – upgrade of Full Cab 170 simulator – on customer site • Hull Trains – new Hitachi Full Console – Flat pack & assemble on-site • Avanti Euston – 2 Full Cabin Hitachi + Alstom – Flat pack and assemble on-site. SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 19  • Driver Consoles are typically shipped in 3 large pieces – Left & Right Bases + Top Panel. Figure 2. Cabin structure and Console module Avanti site, Crewe, UK Figure 3. Desktop units pre-assembled in our Derby office SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 20 4.1.2 Recommendation for the Tallinn Simulator We have several assembly options available for this project, the most efficient options would use our staff/supplier locations: 1. Motion Platform supplier – supplier factory in Wroclaw, Poland 2. Primary Electronics integration engineer – based in Latvia – use rented warehouse in Latvia or Lithuania 3. UK Electronics engineers – London, UK (facility closer to Northampton), Bristol, UK (not preferable) 4. Derby Electronics office – Mallard Way, Derby or Hasker Farm, Callow, Derby. 5. Cabin frame fabrication – most likely UK for suppliers around Bristol, but we may use some plastic panels and parts sourced from partners in India as we have a cabin-building partnership there. Subject to final solution and confirmation of component suppliers we would advise the following options: A. Leave the Console on-site in Tallinn, ship the Motion Platform and Cabin panels to-site & assemble in-situ. All assembly done on-site in Tallinn, or in nearby rented warehouse. B. Update, Pre-assemble in Wroclaw, Poland and then ship by truck to Tallinn. This assumes we will use the Polish motion platform supplier, and they’ll allow pre-assembly testing (this is not unusual). We can also hire space near the facility if needed. C. Update the Console in Latvia/Lithuania and ship back to Poland for testing, then to Tallinn. We last delivered and assembly from there in 2024 and would rent a warehouse for the work. D. Ship the Console to the UK, then back to Poland, then to Tallinn (least efficient in time and cost). Our preferred approach will be A, B or C to keep components in the EU and take advantage of our local staff. We will be very happy to work through this with the client to handle any perceived risks. For avoidance of doubt, at no stage will this delivery involve Ukraine, Russia or the USA in any form. We don’t trade in those countries. I may have mentioned we are currently in negotiation with a major UK Railway Group for investment / part purchase of the company – this may move our centre to Scotland or elsewhere in the UK, which is why we are avoiding long-term leases in the UK at present. We expect this to be finalised in October 2025. This remains commercial in confidence but it is material to this project as it will add a lot of resources to our team during the course of the project. I hope this provides some clarity and reflects our confidence in delivering your simulator facility. SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC Page | 21 Simulator Scope Project ID#: ES25-01 Talinn University of Applied Sciences Prepared for: Document Version: A Sandra Nuudi Document issued: 21/02/25 Document valid to: Client Company 30/06/25 Riigi Tugiteenuste Keskus Confidentiality Statement This document and the information in it are provided in confidence for the sole purpose of exploring business opportunities between Smart Simulators Limited and the Client Company nominated. All information contained herein may not be disclosed to any other party without the express written permission of Smart Simulators Limited. Customer Authors Initial Name Role Last Review Date AL Alex Levcuk Operations Director 21/02/25 ID Ian Duffy Commercial Director 21/02/25 PW Paul Williamson Solution Architect 21/02/25 Authorities This document has been authorised for release by the undersigned. Ian Duffy, Director Revisions Revision Version Description Issue Date A Initial Release based email query regarding price & scope 21/02/25 SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA Page | 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Clarification ............................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Our Experience .......................................................................................................................... 4 1.3 High-Level Scope of Supply ....................................................................................................... 5 2 Comparable Installations ........................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Stadler KISS Full Console Simulator – Georgia - 2017 ............................................................. 8 2.3 GWR 769 Full Console Simulator – UK - 2019 ......................................................................... 8 2.4 Avanti West Coast – UK 2023................................................................................................... 8 2.5 Hull & Lumo Trains – UK 2024 ................................................................................................. 9 SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA Page | 3 Clarification 1 CLARIFICATION 1.1 Purpose The team at SMART are pleased to offer our quotation to the Talinn University of Applied Sciences via the procurement process. We appreciate the pricing offered can be lower than offered by other suppliers and offer our confirmation as follows: 1) We understand the full scope of your request detailed in 284958_RVMS_TECHNICAL_SPECIFICATION_ENG_RTK and the impact of the various requirements in the associated documents and rules of the procurement. We accept these in full. 2) We have the full capability to deliver your project, we regard it as low risk for reasons I will explain below. 3) Our price is reasonable, yes it is very competitive and sometimes we would like to charge more, but we can compare it to other successful projects to give you some confidence. Apart from this explanation, this document does not contain any technical details or offers that are not in your specification or the General Description document we offered to provide some additional evidence of our experience and methods. 1.2 Our Experience Smart Simulators have been delivering high-specification Rail Driver Training Simulators (Simulators) to the UK and European markets since 2008 and have been developing our current version of software since 2015. To date, we have delivered 439 simulators world-wide, 84 Train Classes running on over 7,700 miles of high-realism routes. Figure 1. Siemens Eurorunner Simulator on Motion We entered the UK market with delivery of the Class 769 Full Console simulator with 40 miles route from Reading to Gatwick in 2018-2019, along with a Siemens Freight Simulator with 3-axis motion for R&D at Siemens NTAR in Northampton. We then delivered 2 x 390 Pendolino Full Consoles to Virgin (now Avanti West Coast) in Crewe and Glasgow with 70 miles of West Coast Mainline. In 2022 we delivered 2 x Full Cab Pendolino 390s and 2 x Hitachi 805s to Avanti West Coast and then 2 x Hitachi SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA Page | 4  802s to Hull and Lumo in Newcastle along with the East Coast Mainline from Kings Cross to Edinburgh. In 2024 EMR received 6 Desktop Simulators with high-fidelity software using part of the East Coast Mainline route. We have since converted EMR’s 170-class simulator from another vendor using our electronics and software. All of our simulators have been regarded as state-of-the art hardware and software. The Graphics quality and realism is considered best-in-class. Our software interface for Instructors is highly intuitive and we are receiving many requests to replace other vendors software. We are also working to deliver AR and AI-enhanced training systems so our expertise and capability grows. Our software is the same across Full Cabin, Console and Desktop simulators. Following the disruptions in eastern Europe and Ukraine we have established our business in the UK and serve all markets from our new UK home. Our development team is distributed across Asia, Europe and the UK to give us access to the best talent and capacity to scale rapidly for larger projects. 1.3 High-Level Scope of Supply The following table breaks down the scope of supply at a high level to describe the main functional elements of a Simulator Facility. The Quantity column shows the quantity and main cost-drivers for the delivery, change in these may require a change in costs and therefore the price. The detail of this is described already in your Specification and we have attached our statement of compliance which takes precedence in detail over the table below. We are offering this table as a summary to confirm our understanding. Table 1 High-level Scope of Supply Deliverable Description Quantity Simulator Project One delivery project to be delivered within a timeframe 1 project – based on an existing simulator desk and train routes approx. 12-17 months Project Language All interfaces, training and documentation will be in 1 English, Labels and signs in the train will be in whatever language language they are on the train. Simulator Facility One Simulator to be delivered to an existing Facility for 1 facility - testing, integration and acceptance. Talinn. Full Driver’s Upgrade the existing Full Console for use in the Simulator 1 - refurb console Driver’s Cabin Add a Full Cabin enclosure for the Driver’s Console 1 Instructor One multi-screen Instructor Desktop Station to be installed 1 Station per the Specification. Observer Displays for observers and instructors per specification 1 to 4 Station (SVP) Portable Tablet A portable Windows Tablet for remote control of a scenario 1 Motion System A 6-dof motion system suitable for use in the room 1 provided (height 4.1m). Connectivity Simulator and Instructor Station will be on a local network Firewalled for development and then deployed on a sandboxed and on client firewalled network partition of the client’s network, with network. SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA Page | 5  Deliverable Description Quantity high-quality Internet access. Connection is not required for Training function. Virtual Train Two similar Stadler Flirt Class – EMU and DMU versions. 2 similar train class Safety & ALSN with ERTMS and ETCS Per Spec Signalling Radio & DER, Intercom & GSM-R type digital radio systems, real Per Spec Communcations radio heads used if available with modified controllers. Rolling Stock Train-specific faults that are simulated in the Desktop Per TDR Faults controls, screen displays, DMI screens and Fault Trainer as scope appropriate. Virtual Railway Selection of Estonian Routes with opportunity to video 5 each Route CGI Route Estonian Railway Lines, multi – gauge, high detail 153km approx Route type Regional line with crossings and roads Per Spec Route Builder Our ARM tool that we use to build routes Stations Detailed Stations & routings for stopping stations in Per actual simulated sections only. Low detail stations for non- Route stopping stations along simulator route sections. Depot One depot location – based on one real depot, with roads, 1 plus signals and buildings (non-interactive items such as shunting washers included if data can be provided) stations Signalling & ETCS and ERTMS 1 system Control Seasons & Seasonal skins and weather with transitions and weather- Current Weather builder scheduling. Includes time of day, sun position and Updated night view with lights. Will be updated to use Dust & Sand library for in place of Snow and Mist hazards based on video and data Estonia from the customer. These will only apply for above-ground (90% sections. already) Hazards Selection of Track Hazards, obstructions and events, plus Current any extras included in the Spec. Library plus others as per spec Other Trains, Multiple other trains in different Livery, plus wagons Per spec track vehicles Buildings & Automatic lighting on station platforms and Per Spec Lighting buildings/rooms and underground equipment. and Route SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA Page | 6  Deliverable Description Quantity Bridges, Above ground / elevated sections (if any) where they occur Per Spec crossings & on the Route. and Route cars Operational Per specification, plus existing library if desired. Per Spec Incidents Passengers & Local European Passenger library per specification. Per Spec Track Workers Support Technical Services following Commissioning & Acceptance 3-24mo Training & 1-1 Training for master user during testing, 1 x 1 day 2-4 wks Experimental training session post-signoff. 90 days onsite/remote onsite & 3 Train Running updates for missed software defects. mo remote Warranty Warranty on Hardware and IT components including minor 24 m to spares on-site. No parts cost to replace under warranty. be Labour costs covered under the Technical Support service. covered under Spares Design Life 20 years with periodic Maintenance and Refresh to avoid 20 years obsolescence Environmental A configuration with minimum energy use, maximum use Included Plan of recyclable materials and ISO14000 compliance or equivalent. Maintenance Bi-Annual Maintenance and Updates during Warranty Annual Plan Period (2Y) and Annual for 4Y after. Tech Refresh 8 years for Computer platforms and major IT Components 8 years Timeline Technical Business hours Helpdesk Ticketing system with remote Annual Support access to support Users and Master User per SLA. Remote Service Monitoring 24x7 web-based dashboard. SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA Page | 7 2 COMPARABLE INSTALLATIONS 2.1 Purpose SMART international projects typically span 9-15 months for delivery of one or more full-cabin simulators, with or without motion. We benchmark a number of global suppliers who deliver a reasonable standard of simulator. Your pricing is close to our benchmark for a Full-console simulator with a moderate regional CGI Route (150-300km) with modern signalling and safety systems. In Talinn, the case is different yet similar:  You already have a full-console for the Driver – this is a value of approximately 100,000 EUR to build if you consider the extra costs of project management and sourcing all of the parts.  You have added a Motion Console – this used to be quite costly – 150K EUR for 6dof plus project costs, but there are numerous capable suppliers in Europe now who can deliver a modern unit for 60-100K including project costs.  A full cabin is effectively a simple aluminium box with some added panels to replicate doors and windows – these are not expensive to make.  You have asked for a number of extra trains, but your 2 classes to be controlled are similar and we already have much of this in our European databases.  Support Requirements – you have asked for a reasonable level of service that is not expensive to deliver – we are happy to offer this in our price in order to win your business and grow a good relationship with your university.  Use of Track builder, R&D and Innovation. We consider ourselves innovators and have already built the tools you ask for for our own use. We can also work with VR and AR training tools and are interested in joining you as you find interesting new ways to use the simulator.  We already have a strong EU Route model and a very efficient workflow that allows us to build large routes to a high level of quality and detail. 2.2 Stadler KISS Full Console Simulator – Georgia - 2017 Georgina Railways purchased 2 simulators in 2017 – one being a Stalder Kiss and the other an old electric locomotive. The simulators were Console-desks only and shared 300km of mountain-routes with 2 major cities. While these are not SMART simulators, we have experience and knowledge of this project. These were installed for approx. USD 300,000 each Console. Some suppliers bid 2 x this amount. 2.3 GWR 769 Full Console Simulator – UK - 2019 Our team delivered 1 full console simulator for a new class 769 D/EMU multi-mode including 80km of complex routes around the major city of London and to Gatwick Airport. This included digital GSMR for which we re-programmed real GSMR heads instead of making replicas. This project had a limited budget of GBP 210,000 or EUR 255,000 (approx.) A Support and Maintenance SLA was £10k per annum. 2.4 Avanti West Coast – UK 2023 Avanti West Coast ran an open tender for 4 full cabin simulators for the Hitachi Class 805 & 807 DEMU / EMU Intercity trains, 2 of which were installed in a major London Station (Euston) which can be complicated and costly. The CGI Route was 120km with several major stations. That project value SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA Page | 8  came to £250k per simulator with an additional £10k each in Support SLA. Other bidders offered £300-400k per simulator. 2.5 Hull & Lumo Trains – UK 2024 Hull and Lumo purchased Full-console variations of the Hitachi Intercity (class 802 and 803 DEMU and EMU) with ETCS and a route of nearly 1200km. Costs for these were £500k each but this included the extensive Route, ETCS development plus 4 years of upgrade budgets for additional route development. 2.6 East Midlands Railway We have provided the Class 170 refurbishment for EMR in your procurement system so won’t repeat it here, but you will see it is comparable for a similar scope of work (excluding Motion – these systems are not used in the UK due to space limitations and cost). 2.7 Conclusion We hope you find this explanation helpful. We value the opportunity to work with your University and will be pleased to provide any further information you require. Letters are available to confirm values on request, please allow some time for our clients to provide them. You are welcome to visit our installations at Avanti, Hull, Lumo or EMR (Derby, UK) to see our quality and effectiveness of our simulator software. The 769 train at GWR is out of service and so our simulator is no longer used and in storage. We do not serve the Georgia project but we are proud to have delivered some of the components – the Route is beautiful and forced the development of new CGI methods that we have benefited from in our own projects. SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA Page | 9 Simulator Description Project ID#: ES25-01 Talinn University of Applied Sciences Prepared for: Document Version: A Sandra Nuudi Document issued: 17/02/25 Document valid to: Client Company 30/09/25 Riigi Tugiteenuste Keskus Confidentiality Statement This document and the information in it are provided in confidence for the sole purpose of exploring business opportunities between Smart Simulators Limited and the Client Company nominated. All information contained herein may not be disclosed to any other party without the express written permission of Smart Simulators Limited. Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Authors Initial Name Role Last Review Date AL Alex Levcuk CEO 17/02/25 ID Ian Duffy Commercial Director 17/02/25 PW Paul Williamson Solution Architect 17/02/25 Authorities This document has been authorised for release by the undersigned. Alex Levcuk, CEO Revisions Revision Version Description Issue Date A Initial Release based on Proposal – issued to back up the 17/01/25 Proposal SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 2 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Background ............................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 A more accessible World Class.................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................ 8 1.3 Origin and history ......................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Simulation Training Objectives .................................................................................................... 9 1.5 Achieving Better Driving Standards ............................................................................................. 9 1.6 Copyright & Confidentiality ........................................................................................................ 10 2 Offer & Compliance Statements ............................................................................................. 11 2.1 Structure of our Response......................................................................................................... 11 2.2 Requested Scope ............................................................................ 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Bookmark not defined. 3 System Architecture ................................................................................................................ 12 3.1 High fidelity training modular simulators .................................................................................. 12 3.2 SMART-TRAIN Training Architecture .......................................................................................... 13 3.3 Product & Solution Architecture ................................................................................................ 14 3.4 Technology Architecture ............................................................................................................ 15 3.5 Operating System....................................................................................................................... 15 3.6 Servers & Workstations ............................................................................................................. 16 3.7 Extensions and upgrades .......................................................................................................... 16 3.8 Remote Operation and Support ................................................................................................ 16 4 Driver’s Cabin and Console ..................................................................................................... 17 4.1 Full Cabin ................................................................................................................................... 17 4.2 Cabin Equipment ....................................................................................................................... 19 4.3 Replica Driver’s Console ............................................................................................................ 20 4.4 Open Simulator Cabins .............................................................................................................. 23 4.5 Fault-Finding Station .................................................................................................................. 24 4.6 Driver’s Information Display ...................................................................................................... 25 4.7 Visual Immersion Systems ........................................................................................................ 26 4.8 Motion System ........................................................................................................................... 30 4.9 Audio Immersion ........................................................................................................................ 31 5 Procedural Trainers & Advanced Technology ........................................................................ 33 5.1 The Solution spectrum ............................................................................................................... 33 5.2 Virtual e-Train or Fault Trainer ................................................................................................... 33 SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 3 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 5.3 PC Console ................................................................................................................................. 35 5.4 Desktop Driver Training Simulators .......................................................................................... 37 5.5 Mixed Reality for Railway ........................................................................................................... 38 6 Instructor’s Console ................................................................................................................ 43 6.1 Instructor Console ...................................................................................................................... 43 6.2 Mobile Tablets and Laptops ...................................................................................................... 44 6.3 Observer Screens....................................................................................................................... 45 7 Instructor Software.................................................................................................................. 46 7.1 Starting and Selecting Scenarios. ............................................................................................. 46 7.2 Simulator Control ....................................................................................................................... 47 7.3 Scenario Controls....................................................................................................................... 48 7.4 Streaming Views ........................................................................................................................ 49 7.5 Scenario Features ...................................................................................................................... 50 7.6 Signalling & Restrictions ............................................................................................................ 53 7.7 Teleport & Special Functions..................................................................................................... 54 7.8 Hazards & Fault Management:.................................................................................................. 55 7.9 Passengers, Track Workers & Communications: ...................................................................... 56 7.10 Simulator Communications ....................................................................................................... 57 7.11 Virtual Train Control ................................................................................................................... 58 7.12 Scenario Replay ......................................................................................................................... 58 7.13 HD Train Builder and Control ..................................................................................................... 58 7.14 Reporting & Assessment ........................................................................................................... 59 7.15 Archiving, Backup & Retrieval ................................................................................................... 61 7.16 Networked Instruction ............................................................................................................... 61 8 Virtual World ............................................................................................................................ 62 8.1 Vision Quality.............................................................................................................................. 62 8.2 Range and Field of View ............................................................................................................ 63 8.3 Landscapes ................................................................................................................................ 63 8.4 Time of Day and Year ................................................................................................................. 64 8.5 Environmental Conditions ......................................................................................................... 64 8.6 Geo-specific Locations ............................................................................................................... 66 8.7 Sample Videos ........................................................................................................................... 68 9 Virtual Railway ......................................................................................................................... 70 9.1 Track Layout & Quality ............................................................................................................... 70 9.2 Railway Infrastructure Features ................................................................................................ 71 SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 4 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 9.3 Dynamic Railway Features ........................................................................................................ 72 10 Virtual Train ............................................................................................................................. 75 10.1 Train Dynamic Simulation .......................................................................................................... 75 10.2 Trains on the Network................................................................................................................ 75 10.3 Longitudinal Train Dynamic Model ............................................................................................ 75 10.4 Braking Systems ........................................................................................................................ 76 10.5 Features, Faults & Malfunctions ............................................................................................... 76 10.6 Signalling and Automatic Controls ............................................................................................ 76 10.7 High Speed Train Operations..................................................................................................... 77 10.8 Driver Evaluation ........................................................................................................................ 77 11 Dynamic Models & Validation ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.1 Validation Strategy .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.2 Traction ........................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.3 Braking ............................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.4 Rolling Resistance & Dynamics ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.5 Safety systems ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.6 Sound Model ................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.7 Microprocessor Control Systems .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 12 Smart Simulator R&D Capability ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.1 Investment and capability development ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.2 Step-change in Synthetic Environments ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.3 Microelectronics.............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 12.4 Motion ............................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 13 Project Management ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 13.1 The SMART Product Structure. ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 13.2 Stage-based Project Management ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 13.3 Project Organisation ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 13.4 Interface with Purchaser’s Organization ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 13.5 Project Management ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 13.6 Design and Compliance Management ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 13.7 Customer Requirements and Concept ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 13.8 System Requirements and System Design .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 13.9 Risk management ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 14 Project Input Requirements ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 14.1 Input sources and responsibilities ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 5 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 14.2 Training Needs ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 14.3 Operator Inputs ............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 14.4 Track Inputs .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 15 Development Process ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 15.1 Product & Process Structure .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 15.2 Hardware Development Process .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 15.3 Software Development Process ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 15.4 Development of large Virtual Worlds.............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 15.5 Facility Development Process ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 15.6 Testing, Commissioning & Training ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 15.7 Development & Manufacturing Capability ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 16 Facilities, Power & Backup.......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.1 Facility Requirements Design ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.2 Facilities Schedule .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.3 Space Requirements ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.4 Floor Loading .................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.5 Access (Doors & Stairs) .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.6 Power & UPS ................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.7 Heating / Cooling ............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.8 Generators ...................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.9 Internet & Telephony ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.10 Planning Approvals ......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 16.11 Transportable Facilities .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 17 Sample Quality & Test Plan......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 17.1 Internal Inspection & Test Process ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 17.2 System Acceptance......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 17.3 System Test Environment ............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 17.4 Pre Factory Acceptance Testing ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 17.5 Factory Acceptance Testing ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 17.6 Installation and Site Acceptance Testing ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 17.7 Test Identification ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 18 Training ........................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 18.1 Essential inputs............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 18.2 Training is built into the process .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 18.3 Train the Trainer.............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 6 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 18.4 User Training Resources ................................................................. Error! 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Bookmark not defined. 22.6 Agreed workarounds and procedures for critical failures ............. Error! Bookmark not defined. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 7 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Introduction 1 BACKGROUND 1.1 A more accessible World Class 20 years ago, state-of-the-art Simulator Facilities created by the likes of DB & NS in Europe were recognised as an essential part of World-Class Train Driver competency development and certification. Figure 1. Simulator centre for NSB We believe simulators should be of the highest realism - they should move your employees – literally! Virtual Worlds should be unlimited in scope and detail. Expert trainers should be free to use them in new and powerful ways. We are committed to making these advanced technologies flexible and affordable. Smart Simulators is redefining World Class with our new SMART platform and we’re making it accessible to every Transport Operator. 1.2 Purpose Smart Simulators proposes to design, manufacture, supply, install, commission and support Simulator Facilities that delivers a new World Class standard of service. The General Description serves as a broad statement of capability that delivers an understanding of Training Simulators as we have delivered them over the years and how they are developing. We’ll cover your specific Requirements and Compliance in a separate statement as your TDR is already well developed and confirmed with your client and we can only confirm our willingness and ability to deliver that solution. Where it is silent, this document serves as a guide in many issues, potential options and an outline of our approach to delivery. 1.3 Origin and history Smart Simulators have been delivering high-specification Rail Driver Training Simulators (Simulators) to the CIS, UK and European markets since 2008 and have been developing our current version of software since 2015. To date, we have delivered 439 simulators world-wide, 84 Train Classes running on over 12,000 km of high-realism routes. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 8 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Latest Deliveries in the UK Smart entered the UK market from Europe by delivering the GWR Class 769 Full Console simulator, covering a 40-mile route from Reading to Gatwick, in 2018-2019. Additionally, we provided a Siemens Freight Simulator with 3-axis motion for R&D at Siemens NTAR in Northampton. Subsequently, we delivered two 390 Pendolino Full Consoles to Virgin (now Avanti West Coast) in Crewe and Glasgow, covering 70 miles of the West Coast Mainline. In 2022, we supplied two Full Cab Pendolino 390s and two Hitachi 805s to Avanti West Coast, and two Hitachi 802s to Hull and Lumo in Newcastle, along with the East Coast Mainline from Kings Cross to Edinburgh. In 2024, EMR received six Desktop Simulators with high-fidelity software using part of the East Coast Mainline route. We have also converted EMR’s 170-class simulator from another vendor using our electronics and software. Leading in Simulator Software All of our simulators are considered state-of-the-art in both hardware and software. The graphics quality and realism are regarded as best-in-class. Our software interface for instructors is highly intuitive, leading to numerous requests to replace other vendors' software. We are also developing AR and AI-enhanced training systems to expand our expertise and capabilities. Our software is consistent across Full Cabin, Console, and Desktop simulators. Our new UK HQ Following the disruptions in eastern Europe and Ukraine we have relocated the business to the UK and serve all markets from our new UK home. Our development team is still distributed across Europe and the UK to give us access to the best talent and capacity to scale rapidly for larger projects. 1.4 Simulation Training Objectives Simulation training is a critical part of improving the skills and performance of Rail personnel, resulting in better safety, reduced costs and damage and resulting in a better level of service overall. To support this, our priority must always be to deliver the most effective training and learning system available. While new technologies are always being developed, they must be justified in terms of training value for the Instructor and Student. Our SMART-TRAIN range of simulators build on many years of Rail simulation and training experience across diverse cultures and landscapes to deliver technology focused on performance improvement. 1.5 Achieving Better Driving Standards Railway operators around the world are turning to simulation to achieve operational improvements that are generally not possible by other means. SMART-TRAIN simulators have been developed to deliver these improvements with the most efficient use of technology: Efficient Braking & Traction control By using actual train controllers or the highest quality hardware or software replications of train controllers and train performance; students can develop high levels of skill and therefore efficient driving practice that can transfer to the real world. Ability to trouble-shoot Faults Interacting with realistic train systems, students can practice correct fault-finding and correction procedures and see the results of errors with the highest degree of correlation to real train performance. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 9 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Safe Driving Highly immersive simulations allow the training and assessment of correct attitudes to safe driving practice, allowing instructors to measure and report on performance as well as show the realistic consequences of errors of judgement and attitude. Route Learning The latest Virtual Reality technologies combined with cutting-edge data processing techniques allows the creation of high quality replications of real routes, recognisable features, network operation and weather conditions. Railway congestion & longer trains Sophisticated network simulations reflect the real behaviour of complex railway systems and the demands of longer trains and shorter dwell times on driver skill and knowledge. Awareness of dynamic train forces Immersive and accurate simulation of the dynamic performance of the train is combined with intuitive graphics tools to see the real train forces and consequences of driving decisions. Procedures for unusual or dangerous situations Realistic scenarios develop quick response times in potentially dangerous, unsafe situations, such as obstruction on the track, derailments, poorly configured train consists, defective signalling, etc. which may be encountered but are not normally encountered in real life. Training for wider roles Our virtual railways can be used for more than just train drivers – VR, AR and mobile technologies make it possible to use simulators with Dispatch, Train Crew, Track and any other operational role. 1.6 Copyright & Confidentiality This document is protected by copyright, the design of any article recorded in the document is protected by design right and the information contained in the document is confidential. This document may not be copied, any design may not be reproduced, and the information contained in the document may not be used or disclosed except with the prior written permission of and in a manner permitted by the creators, Smart Simulators Limited, 71-75 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London, United Kingdom, WC2H 9JQ . ©2025 SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 10 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 2 OFFER & COMPLIANCE STATEMENTS 2.1 Structure of our Response Smart Simulators is pleased to provide a compliant response to Riigi Tugiteenuste Keskus in the supplied matrix and we’ve assembled an updated version of this General Description to serve as a broader capability and approach document to cover issues and options that the specification does not. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 11 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Hardware Systems 3 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE All configurations 3.1 High fidelity training modular simulators A SMART-TRAIN simulator facility is a flexible combination of advanced, high-fidelity training simulators and instruction tools. These can be explained in an approximate hierarchy as follows: 1. One or more Instructor Consoles running Instructor Software can control one or more physical full- cabin or console or procedural trainers plus virtual simulators running on PCs. 2. Each simulator, whether it be a full-cabin, driver console, procedural or virtual system must interact in a high-fidelity manner with a Trainee through a series of systems: a. Realistic hardware, software or hybrid consoles reacting in real-time to trainee actions b. Visual and Audio systems delivering immediate immersive experiences c. Motion systems providing haptic and inertial feedback d. A modular systems communications network connecting all the systems 3. Each simulator relies on a series of real-time simulation software engines working alone or in concert with other simulators to: a. Creates a real-time simulation environment managing all input, outputs and scenarios. b. Replicate the appearance, behaviour and rules of the railway network with detailed Virtual Railway software and databases c. Replicate the functions of the train being driven and other trains on the network through detailed Virtual Train software and databases d. Share the databases across multiple simulators. 4. Additional training tools, such as Virtual e-Trains, Observer screens and Theatres offer tools to extend the use of these detailed simulations for many training objectives. Figure 2. Simulators can be used in many forms by sharing common models SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 12 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Depending on specification 3.2 SMART-TRAIN Training Architecture Modern simulation training uses a blend of training technologies that derived from the same train and railway systems, but normally delivered in different, unconnected systems. Our SMART (Simulation; Modular, Associative, Real-Time) solution architecture leverages a common foundation of simulation models and allows instructors and students to interact in different ways to achieve better learning outcomes. These associative modules can co-operate to simulate realistic railway scenarios in train hardware, driving and traffic management. “Associative law, in mathematics, either of two laws relating to number operations of addition and multiplication, stated symbolically: a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c, and a(bc) = (ab)c; that is, the terms or factors may be associated in any way desired.” Figure 3.SMART multi-purpose solution architecture In example above, the different levels of simulation fidelity can co-operate to rapidly demonstrate key principles in train operation, fault-resolution, driving standards and their effect on rail traffic management. 1. Traffic Simulator. This system replicates the rail network, interlocking and safety systems 2. Instructor Stations. These universal workstations allow one or more instructors to manage the scenarios 3. Procedural Trainers and Virtual e-Train consoles can simulate many different train types and rail networks 4. Drivers Console high fidelity simulator 5. Full-cabin with Motion system high fidelity simulator 6. The Braking Equipment Procedural Trainer for a diesel locomotive including: a. Locomotive braking equipment, b. Braking equipment for a freight car, c. Brake equipment of the passenger car. The red, green and blue lines imply how different simulators can be used together to deliver more powerful individual and group training experiences. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 13 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Depending on specification 3.3 Product & Solution Architecture The Simulator solution architecture provides a core set of models and databases that make up a set of modules shown in the top-half of the diagram below. Data inputs from the left drive the accuracy and usefulness of these models. Physical consoles and IT equipment are then integrated with the models to create a variety of simulator solutions, including: • Simulators – these are any facility used to deliver simulation training to a trainee, including o Full cabin, full consoles or compact cabin simulators o Universal Consoles, PC-based simulators and touchscreen fault-trainers o Virtual Reality scenarios accessed using headsets and/or touchscreens o Control Room Simulators • Instructor Stations’ with interfaces to create, run and manage all simulation scenarios • Observer Stations’ to allow larger groups to view scenarios and/or briefing/debriefing for 1-1 training. The shapes in the diagram below follow PRINCE2 principles, the actual Products of a simulator project are shown as rectangles. Other shapes from the left show Data Collections leading to Design Documents and on to barred rectangles that are sub-products. Only Products are regarded as final results of a simulator Project, the other elements are consumed and produced as part of the project but are not delivered to an end-customer except as part of a Product. This principle provides some clarity about what we are trying to achieve together in a Project. Figure 4. Simulator Solution Architecture showing the flow of development and Product outputs (rectangles) SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 14 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Depending on specification 3.4 Technology Architecture A SMART-TRAIN simulator is highly modular, using open interfaces such as Telnet, TCP/IP and CAN to allow high-speed communications between computers and devices. The system diagram below shows the general communication between systems in the simulator and instructor station. Instructor screens and systems are on the left of the diagram, with Driver’s cabin, console and Motion systems (if applicable) on the right. It should be noted that a SMART-TRAIN simulator uses relatively few workstations of moderate specification, reducing weight, complexity and risk of malfunctions. Figure 5. Schematic of a sample SMART-TRAIN integrated system with the Motion option included All Configurations 3.5 Operating System SMART-TRAIN simulators use the readily available Windows platform and implements using the current version at time of contract signing. For projects starting before 2025 this will be Windows 10. They typical life-span of a Simulator facility is 10-30 years allowing for a contracting & delivery period of up to 2 years. The main Train Hardware components can have a design life of 20-30 years or more. Once past their Warranty periods Simulators are very stable systems, with few reasons to modify operating software and few risks to security. SMART-TRAIN simulators come with spare parts and a software maintenance plan to keep them operative through the Warranty period and up to 10 years from delivery. Should there be a need to extend this further, a revised Maintenance plan can be developed to allow periodic refresh (planned replacement) of key components to extend life. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 15 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description All configurations 3.6 Servers & Workstations SMART-TRAIN simulators use the current start-of-the-art servers and workstations at the time of contract or as specified by a customer in the procurement process. Depending on the configuration, simulator functions may be implemented on desk-based workstations, rack-mounted servers or across a distributed secure cloud (possibly off site but generally on-site). This configuration will be finalised during the Design process to deliver the best cost/performance & reliability balance according to customer requirements. All configurations 3.7 Extensions and upgrades SMART-TRAIN simulators incorporate several strategies that make extensions, upgrades and future- proofing easier and less costly for Operators. This enables Operator R&D teams to incorporate their developments and IP into their simulators with less reliance on the simulator manufacturer. 1. Virtual Railway. Our simulators use of commercial graphics engines for Virtual Railway CGI and construction. 2. Off-the-shelf IT hardware and maintenance of backward compatibility ensures that PC hardware and other equipment can be swapped out and upgraded over time to prevent failures and obsolescence. As such, the requirement to add new railways, tracks, trains and other functionality is a matter of content development, rather than major re-programming. Optional 3.8 Remote Operation and Support With COVID-19 our international team doubled-down on remote support and management, All of our simulators are connected to the Internet using our own network connections, avoiding impact on host customer networks. In the UK we’ll be using 4G/5G connections and auto-enrolling VPNs to provide low latency, unlimited bandwidth connection without compromising host company security. Our simulators are the first in the world to be designed for remote control. Our software is robust and uses TCP and UDP communication with WebRTC for low-latency video communications. These require our simulators to always be on our own connections. As a result, we can connect Instructors to Students in any location – they don’t need to be in the same facility. Figure 6. An Instructor uses AR to work with remote Support SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 16 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4 DRIVER’S CABIN AND CONSOLE As specified 4.1 Full Cabin The Full Cabin or “Main Cabin” simulator surrounds the driver on all sides with a realistic replica of the train. The detailed features are described in Interior and Exterior fidelity to follow. These structures require a certain amount of space, power and cooling as well as access through doors for delivery and commissioning. See section 14 for further detail on Facility Requirements. 4.1.1 Interior Fidelity As specified For maximum immersion and acceptance of the simulator, SMART-TRAIN simulators use real train parts and/or we can fabricate high quality replicas including driver handles panels and microelectronics to interface with simulation controllers. Where dials and gauges rely on fluids (pneumatics, hydraulics) these are modified to work electro- mechanically. Malfunctions that can be reset in the train cabin can be reset in the simulator using either real hardware switchgear or virtual software touch panels. Figure 7. SMART-TRAIN simulator cabin examples Equipment layouts are as close as possible to the cabin of the respective train. This is achieved using detailed drawings provided by the client and a detailed survey of existing cabins by the development team. These layouts are included in the design process and approved by the customer before manufacturing commences. Cabin compartment frames and panelling are typically of the same material used in the real train, especially if they consist of real train parts provided for the simulator. Where possible other materials such as aluminium, plastic and composites may be substituted to reduce weight. Cabin panels and seats are removable for replacement and repairs. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 17 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.1.2 Exterior Construction & Fidelity As specified SMART-TRAIN high-fidelity cabins mix strength with light-weight construction using a blend of steel, aluminium composites and plastic mouldings. This is done in a modular fashion (pictured below) to allow rapid construction, assembly and easier maintenance. Front and Side elevations can be painted and shaped to a visible match to the specific rolling stock being simulated. This will be subject to the forward and side-vision requirements where large-format screens and/or projection systems may require panels or shrouds to protect the screens. Figure 8. Exterior modular construction of full-cabins 4.1.3 Lighting As specified Interior lighting must replicate the function of the actual rolling stock, plus provide enough light for the Instructor to see the Trainee’s actions in CCTV; and for the Trainee to be able read controls and instructions without being distracted from the realism of the scenario. Typically, lighting intensity inside the cab is variable from night conditions today conditions using a control on the instructor console and/or in the cabin. Lighting levels are generally not below 300 Lux to allow easy reading and visibility on CCTV. The lights may be switched off to allow the better visibility signals during night driving. Exterior Lighting will be similar to the actual train where specified. 4.1.4 Ventilation & Cooling As specified Ventilation is provided for the comfort of the trainees inside the cabin using the same or similar vents as the real train where possible. Internally, the air-flows are routed to cool other equipment and minimise noise before being vented into the main room air-conditioning system In total, a Full-cabin simulator can generate 2-5KW or heat at peak-loads, with an additional 5KW from the computer systems that drive the simulator. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 18 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description As specified 4.2 Cabin Equipment Key cabin equipment is either included in the physical build or is represented in the Virtual e-Train software accessed via the Fault Trainer either in 2D or full 3D VR. For example, on the CCL C830C, the Passenger Emergency Communication (PEC) button is included to have the same appearance, feel and function as the real train. Figure 9. Alstom C830 Passenger Alarm Other system included in their full physical form on the C830 are: • B-Cabinet including the Mode switch for both variants as explained in Addendum4 to requirements. • Fire Extinguisher Cabinet • First pair of couple seats which can be lifted up by staff to access the equipment underneath it (isolation cocks) • The Emergency Handle Switch must be able to open the train doors manually and its status is to be sync with the Driving Display Unit. Figure 10. Alstom C830C simulator with DRMD, TTIS, Passenger video-wall and Passenger alarm SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 19 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.3 Replica Driver’s Console 4.3.1 Driver’s Controls As specified The fidelity level of a simulator is primarily determined by the accuracy of the replication of the driver’s console and the internals of the cabin. Whether contained in a full cabin replica or as part of a console- only desk simulator the realism of the layout and ‘feel’ of the controls is a careful compromise. In most consoles, all of the systems are replicated to a high degree of fidelity, in some cases touch-LCDs are used to allow some flexibility without degrading realism too much. Vigilance systems and dead-man pedals are replicated accurately. Figure 11. High-fidelity driver consoles in full cabins SMART-TRAIN simulators use a mix of real train components when they are available plus high-quality replicas manufactured by our team of skilled technicians. For traction and brake controls, the weight and ‘feel’ of each notch setting is replicated accurately. Size and positioning of switches match the cabins surveyed by our technicians as part of the data gathering stage of the project. Electronics and microelectronic systems are manufactured to allow a high-speed interface with the simulator software. High quality wiring and workmanship reduce the occurrence of faults in the simulator, enabling 95-99%+ reliability. Figure 12. Quality electronics and accurate surveys are key to realism and reliability SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 20 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.3.2 Safety MMI As specified Modern rail systems reply on sophisticated safety systems integrated with the train and the rail network. A SMART-TRAIN simulator simulates these accurately, including: • the driver-console interfaces (panels, buttons, software MMI screens) • behaviour of the system in the Railway network and • operation of the software and microelectronics in the train systems (refer to Microprocessor Control Systems for more on the simulation model) Figure 13. Safety equipment (ALSN) and MMI 4.3.3 Train Management Interface or DDU As specified Like safety systems, the train management MMI is increasingly important for the operation of the Train and so must be simulated to some degree. SMART-TRAIN simulators replicate the console MMI to a high degree of accuracy. In many cases, the same model of screen and touch-panel can be used as these are commercially available. In other cases they must be supplied by the train manufacturer or replicated closely using other technology like touch screens. Figure 14. Train, Passenger and Safety MMI in a Stadler console The software in a TMS can be extensive and regular system upgrades can render the simulation obsolete in some areas. A SMART-TRAIN simulator will include the software screens required for training the required procedures and may omit others not required. This is planned with the customer’s training department to minimise the extra costs in having to upgrade the simulator too frequeClienty. Where possible, software schematics and tools from the manufacturer can be used to make simulations easier to create. For more on the input requirements for TMS and other MMI systems – see section 13.3.4 Train Management Software. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 21 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.3.4 Cabin Operational CCTV As specified Where CCTV is used by the Driver it can be incorporated into the simulation, using the same 3D world created for the Track database. This means that characters and programmed events can include people / devices on the train and platforms, or any other location required for the scenario. CCTV can be displayed on a dedicated screen on the console or as part of the Train Management Interface or by whatever means employed in the real train cabin. In some cases, this display is located to the back of the cabin, in a guard’s compartment or door vestibule. In these situations, the CCTV may be accessed through the Virtual e-Train screen or a dedicated screen mounted in an appropriate location. For platform-mounted CCTV monitors, these may be represented in the forward and side- vision screens as 3D structures in the virtual world displaying the correct simulated view of the CCTV. Figure 15. Images of CCTV accessed via train HMI, vestibule (guard) control and platform monitor. 4.3.5 Radio As specified SMART-TRAIN simulators include a realistic radio handset and related equipment to allow training in correct procedure, communicating with the Instructor in addition to the intercom system and CCTV. Loudspeakers are placed in the same location as the real train. As specified 4.3.6 Public Address Public Address system with speakers inside the cabin, and with communication link from the driving console and instructor desk. 4.3.7 Instructor Intercom Included The cabin includes an intercom system - a microphone and loudspeaker that provides communication between the trainee driver and instructor. This is sufficient to enable the instructor to simulate the role of another member of the group or other railway staff who normally have contact on a train. An additional microphone (often the CCTV microphone) allows the instructor to constaClienty monitor audio signals audible inside the cabin. This equipment is installed in a manner that does not interrupt the acceptable fidelity of the cabin environment. 4.3.8 Trainee CCTV Included A CCTV camera is typically installed in the cabin to allow the Instructor a clear view of the Trainee’s actions, control positions and forward view. Mountings will be in a manner that is not obtrusive for the trainee. It will be connected to a 21.5” or more TFT or better screen on the instructor’s console to enable monitoring of trainee's reactions from a remote position. The video will be recorded on a computer hard disk during the training session. Replay of the video synchronised with the replay of a portion or of the complete training session is possible. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 22 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 16. Radio handset in correct position and (right) CCTV camera and microphone ceiling-mounted As specified 4.4 Open Simulator Cabins Open cabins are a flexible way to provide a surround experience with improved observation. For freight and shunting simulators in Europe this is a common configuration. Window views and extra interfaces such as Fault-Finding Stations can be easily added to the frame and multi-class simulators are easier to settle in to. The bases are typically fixed, with real train flooring. These are sometimes mounted on 3-axis motion systems for additional fidelity – especially for shunting shocks and movement. Figure 17. Open locomotive simulator on fixed base SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 23 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description As specified 4.5 Fault-Finding Station SMART-TRAIN simulators typically use a wall or console mounted touch screen (away from the simulator console) to locate a Fault-Finding Station (FFS). For full-cabin simulators this may be outside an access door, to represent the driver having to leave the cabin to access the systems. This screen may also double as the Driver Information Display (DID) if required. The Fault-Finding station allows the Trainee to ‘walk the train’ using high-resolution photos and graphics to navigate up and down the entire train, locating and interacting with systems in their correct locations. The Virtual e-Train software used for this this is synchronised with the real-time simulation models of the network and train. As shown below, the Fault Trainer mounted on the console to the left of the Driver. Figure 18. Fault finding station on the left of the 390 console simulator . SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 24 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description As specified 4.6 Driver’s Information Display The Train or Driver Information Display is a colour monitor normally fitted to a removable mounting near the driver’s seat for the display of truck parameters, forces, speeds, break information et cetera to give feedback on train performance to the driver during training. The screen can be removed for assessment sessions. A Driver Information Display is customised to the needs of the customer during the Design stage but will typically have the following features: • Track parameters (kilometre marks, gradients, curvatures, position of switches and station platforms) for a distance of at least 2 km ahead of the train. • Data to be displayed can be selected using a mouse or touch buttons. • Data includes car by car coupler forces; car by car brake pressures and L/V wheel/rail interaction coefficients, other parameters such as instantaneous and cumulative energy consumption, etc. • A repeat of the display is available on the Instructor Console. • Instructor can disable the display of information. • The terms and parameters displayed on the Driver Information Display are customised to match the terms and terminology used on the customer’s railway. • Any other variable available within the real-time system can be displayed. Where required, a Driver Information Display may have other uses including for the communication and indication of all right signals exchanged by the driver, looking back on curves and for the display of the simulation status (run/freeze). The SMART-TRAIN Virtual Instructor may also give feedback on the DID. Figure 19. Driver's information shown with scenario elements SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 25 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.7 Visual Immersion Systems This section describes the hardware provided for simulator vision. For the software elements – see section 7.1 Vision Quality 4.7.1 Real-time Performance All configurations Real-time software and hardware –based simulation is one of the most demanding computational tasks possible. SMART-TRAIN simulators are optimised in hardware and software in a range of ways to deliver the best visual immersion experience. Framerate Simulator framerates are set at 60hz to provide maximum clarity of the image without visible flicker or interference with lighting. Visual Latency The combination of high-performance hardware, inter-system communications and advanced UNIGINE graphics engine creates a fast-loop environment for minimum latency. This means the delay between the simulated movement of the train in any direction or other adjustment to the viewpoint is not noticeable by the trainee. Anti-aliasing SMART-TRAIN incorporates the UNIGINE 2 engine which uses a high-quality temporal anti-aliasing (TAA) algorithm by default. The obsolete multi-sample anti-aliasing (MSAA) and all corresponding functions have been removed. In case of fully deferred rendering (when the final image is composed of different texture buffers: depth, normal, etc.), TAA applies smoothing to the whole scene, which is much faster comparing to MSAA that is applied to each texture buffer. Besides, TAA improves the whole image (not only the edges of the geometry, like MSAA) including geometry, shadows, etc., thus delivering overall better visual quality. Resolution Image resolution is optimised for the cost, performance and visual need of the view. Modern UHD screens can be employed for forward vision and larger screens to maximise readability of signals at a distance. For 4K applications, large format TFT screens are recommended over to projectors, mainly for reasons of latency and cost. Large forward projection systems can use HD (1080) projectors in an array of 2 or 3 with edge-blending to construct a wide, high-resolution view. For side-vision and smaller screens it may be more effective to use HD (1080) screens provided the appearance of the graphic from front-view to side-view appears consistent. Contrast Ratio and Brightness Modern DLP projectors and TFT/LCD screens offer very high brightness and contrast ratios which enhance the visibility of signals at a distance and the effectiveness of weather effects such as sun- glare and fog. Such settings are typically set during installations, especially for projectors and blended vision systems. Where TFT/LCD screens are being used, these settings may be adjusted. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 26 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.7.2 Forward Vision Included Each SMART-TRAIN simulator is configured to give a 1:1 field of view matched to real world replicating the Driver’s view through the front windscreen. This can be extended using Viewpoint control described in section 4.6.5 Multiple large-format screens can be fitted to the windscreen-frames on the simulator cabin, requiring only that the distance from the screen to the driver’s eye is sufficient for effective use. Otherwise projection systems or offset mountings may be required. Figure 20. Forward vision using high resolution video (left) or CGI (right) For Metro-style full-cabin simulators, glass panels and UHD display panels are used for the front of the cab (2 on the right, 2 on the left, 1 on the detrainment door). The UHD display panels show the features that will typically be seen on the actual train – tracks, tunnel, stations, platforms, etc. For compact simulators, glass panels and UHD display panels are used for the front of the cab (2 on the right, 1 on the left) Figure 21. Design image of a Metro showing the front panels and side panels SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 27 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.7.3 Side Vision Depending on specification Each SMART-TRAIN simulator is configured to give a 1:1 field of view matched to real world replicating the Driver’s view through the side windscreen. This can be extended using Viewpoint control described in section 4.6.5 Recommended where there are side windows, SMART-TRAIN simulators can provide synchronised side-vision using mounted screens in the case of console-only simulators (pictured below) or mounted in frames for full-cabin units. Figure 22. Side vision screens in console or full-cabin simulators For the Metro or similar Simulators, side vision is included in both full and compact cabins. For the compact cabins the left-hand screen will show a composite view from the B-side window and detrainment door. Figure 23. Side-view in Metro Compact simulators SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 28 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.7.4 Rear Vision Included where mirrors are installed Each SMART-TRAIN simulator is configured to give a 1:1 field of view matched to real world replicating the Driver’s view through the rear window or simulated using Picture-in-Picture (PIP) techniques which show the view from the rear-view mirrors on the screens of the front and/or side vision screens. This can be extended using Viewpoint control described in section 4.6.5. Additionally, a door-opening effect can be created by animating the side-view to become a rear view to simulate the driver opening the side door to look back. Figure 24. Rear view using mirrors or dedicated screen 4.7.5 Passenger and Saloon Vision Depending on specification For trains with a combined Driver Console and Passenger Saloon, a Video-Wall can be used to effectively represent the view to the rear of the cabin. This will be tuned to the viewpoint of the driver ‘s likely positions to show passengers in various scenarios. This may also be adjusted using the Viewpoint control and pre-programmed viewpoints. Additionally, VR headsets can be supplied to provide a similar function in scenarios and training situations where VR is more appropriate. The provision of both technologies allows greater use of the simulators and avoids potential health and training problems resulting from simulator sickness or having to don headgear during an operational scenario. Figure 25. Passenger video-wall display SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 29 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Depending on specification 4.8 Motion System Motion systems add a significant level of immersion for a driver simulator by creating the sensation of acceleration and deceleration in response to the actions of the driver and the train, thus enhancing the drivers’ perception of operation in a real environment. A motion platform is generally classified by its ‘degrees of freedom’ or ‘axes of motion’ noted here as ‘n-axis’. There are different considerations regarding motion for high-fidelity simulation cabins and consoles. These are discussed briefly below. Driver immersion. For high-fidelity Full-cabin or Console simulators, Instructors are looking for a high degree of immersion in the training simulation. For this reason, Motion systems are typically specified only with Full-cabin configurations and use 3,5 or 6-axis systems depending on the type of vehicle (loco, high-speed, tram etc..) and space/cost restrictions. Where high acceleration/deceleration and/or derailment simulation is required the range and power of a 5/6-axis system is desirable. Where the focus is more on vibration from points and shorter accelerations/decelerations as 3-axis system is suitable. A 2 or 3-axis system can be used with a Console-only simulator however care must be taken with the visual cues for the driver as he/she will be able to see the movement of the room relative to their console and screens, which can reduce immersion. This can still be effective with careful design of the vision system. Where simple vibration is required, a 2-axis ‘Bump seat’ can provide movement sensations and feedback on driving, these are often augmented by large ‘subwoofer’ sound systems to provide additional sound/movement integration. Space and cost Most 6-axis systems available are optimised for flight-simulation. Their availability makes them more affordable but they require more space to operate due to their range of movement while there are movements they cannot perform that are specific to Rail operation. Rail-specialised systems using 5 or 6 axis technology are less common but should take less space while providing a more complete immersion for Rail operations. 2 and 3-axis solutions are affordable and take less space, with less costly safety and access requirements. Figure 26. Full cabin on a SMART-3-MOTION platform SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 30 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.9 Audio Immersion 4.9.1 State of the Art Rail Sounds All configurations The simulator uses a computer based 5.1 audio system including amplifiers, speakers, all the necessary hardware and computer based audio processing using the UNIGINE engine. The high-quality sounds are based on actual recordings of rail sounds and noises for in-cab equipment, as well as external noises such as tunnel entry, another trains flat wheels, external sounds from streets, brakes and loss of adhesion on rails and so on… We have an established library of sounds that can be provided, however, we will work with the Operator to collect actual sounds then process them into computer models that integrate in real time as part of the training scenario. The system digitally processes sounds to reflect the train dynamics as they are heard in the cab and enables sound to be directional. Typical sounds include: • Tap changer/diesel engine sounds • Chattering sound at the time of that vary according to the RPM and pantograph raising and lowering (where load of the train. applicable) • Normal axle movement on a metal • Horn sounds bridge on points as a function of • Shouting/screaming of people speed, slipping of the wheels and • Wheel sounds that include the squeals passing over points. associated with negotiating curves as a • ARNO/turbocharger sounds that function of curvature and speed. vary according to the RPM, load • Guard signal bells and turbocharger time constants. • Brake shoe sounds • Sounds from neutral section, roof, • Passenger Alarm signal bell cab and HT compartment of the • Brake binding, Wheel skidding and flat locomotive tyre sound • Dynamic brake grid fan sound • Blowing of safety valves variable with speed and load. • Wheel slip buzzer and sanding valve • Platform sounds including station sound announcements • Air dryers • Air related sounds such as those • Penalty / brake whistle associated with air/EP/Auto brake • Accident/Derailment release, bail off, and release of the whistle or sander valves. • Exploding detonators • Compressor sounds • Buzzer sound for switching “ON” of flasher light • Rain/thunder storm sounds • Passing train in same & opposite • Track clatter sounds associated direction with negotiating points and track • Locomotive starting sound crossings. • Tunnel / Bridge passing sound • Sound from air flow indicator SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 31 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 4.9.2 Multichannel Included The sound is processed by a high quality off the shelf sound card, integrated through the real-time system of the simulator and delivered though an amplified surround system using high quality speakers. The audio hardware and software can easily accommodate mixing the number of sounds that are typically deployed in a train simulation (around 100). Sounds can be played as one-off instances, looped sounds and sounds modulated by simulation outputs such as speed, dynamic brake grid fan sound variable with speed and load, turbocharger sounds that vary according to the RPM. 4.9.3 Directional Included A sense of distance and movement of sound is achieved using Doppler effects for events that move through the environment relative to the trainee. The simulator sound engine operates in a true 3-dimensional space thus sounds that are generated away from the train are attenuated correctly based on the actual distance to the sound source. For example, a passing train will sound closer if the adjacent track is close and further away if the train is on a more distant track. The Doppler effect is a shift of the sound wave frequency (pitch change) depending on the velocities of the source and listener relative to the medium, and the propagation speed of sound in that medium. The received frequency is higher when compared to the emitted one if the source is approaching the listener, same when adjacent, and lower during moving off. The Doppler effect is applied to the sound sources automatically. 4.9.4 3D Spatial Audio Included The speakers will be mounted to give the driver optimum spatial sound quality but also in a manner that they do not impose visually on the look and feel of the cab. Additional speakers will be used to provide sounds from specific locations, for example under floor, air system noise. A subwoofer is mounted within the driver’s desk. The subwoofer provides low frequency audible effects and, by mounting it within the desk, provides tactile vibration of the desk and desk equipment enhancing the perception of motion in the simulator. To enhance the sense of vibration we can mount and extra magnetic coil to augment the subwoofer. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 32 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 5 PROCEDURAL TRAINERS & ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY Procedural, or ‘Part-Task’ simulators are used to train a specific technical procedure such as fault-finding, communications and safety awareness. These tasks do not require the full immersion of a full-cabin or console simulator and are often equipped in classes of 6 or more, or even online through virtual interfaces. 5.1 The Solution spectrum Procedural trainers come in a range of physical configurations, each suitable for a purpose. As shown below, more physical devices are used for Assessment and direct skill development. Virtual solutions are used for learning broader procedural and situational skills. Now, AR technology can extend the learning tools to support employees in the field and bring AI to support learning and improved performance and safety Figure 27. SMART Hybrid Technology Stack. Included as Fault-trainer 5.2 Virtual e-Train or Fault Trainer An essential component of simulation training is the replication of common and uncommon faults to be rectified and procedures to be followed. The SMART-TRAIN system uses a Virtual e-Train model that combines 3D, graphic and/or photographic representation of train cabins, controls and systems both inside and outside the cabin. This enables the train to interact with equipment that has not been physically replicated or is located away from the cabin. This software is used in the touchscreen console units, often supplementing physical controls; in Fault-Finding Stations in PC Workstations and as the control repeats on the Instructor Consoles. Figure 28. Touchscreen e-Train being driven by a Trainee SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 33 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 29. The same controls accessed through a Fault-Finding station The Fault Finding Station will show the layout of all required cabins of the train. For equipment, switches, buttons or circuit breakers that are not physically simulated in the front cabin of the full cabin and compact simulators, the trainees will be able to scroll through the other parts of the train for fault finding and rectification purposes. It should display the exact layout of all the circuit breakers, push buttons and switches located at the low voltage panels and other parts of the motor and trailer cars. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 34 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 30. Fault Finding Station on a Full Cabin As specified 5.3 PC Console All of the simulator software can be used on a single-pc or laptop interface. This is now used in most projects for testing and validation of functionality prior to delivery. A PC Trainer can include, depending on the use-case: • One or more vision channels (including CCTV) • Touchscreen controls for train operation • PC Mouse-driven controls • VR interface • USB-connected hardware controls • Flight-case configuration for transport in a van, car or on a train The PC Trainer can be run on the cloud using a local USB streaming box, on a laptop with 1 or 2 displays (think Asus Duo) or on a standard gaming PC. Figure 31. Screen view of a PC - based Freight Simulator SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 35 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 32. Dual Screen Laptops for Driving and Instructor SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 36 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 5.4 Desktop Driver Training Simulators The SMART Desktop Simulator is a portable system that can be fitted to an office desk and controlled by an Instructor on the same network using a laptop or dedicated Instructor Station. This system (pictured below) is configured to meet the requirements of one or more Train Classes and typically features the following: 1. Widescreen curved display (approx. 49-inch) with sound, 2-4K resolution and low latency. 2. Physical control pods clamped to the desk for essential haptic controls on right and left sides. 3. Touchscreen virtual control panel including Signalling, Radio & Train Control DMI. The driver can switch between Control panels and Fault Trainer panels depending on the scenario. 4. Dead-man pedal 5. Seats and Tables are normally provided by the end-user client to comply with their local policies. The development of this type of simulator has built on our long history of full-cabin and fully immersive simulators and uses exactly the same software and routes. This allows our clients to run a network of different simulator configurations on the one software platform. For a video walk through of a full-cab simulator by one of our customers please follow this link - https://share.descript.com/view/MBVgn30SvJo. Figure 33. Desktop Driver Simulator and Fault Trainer touch interface SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 37 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 5.5 Mixed Reality for Railway The SMART team brings a unique partnership to Railway training and operations in the form of our partnership with PCMS Technology and the leading Microsoft Partner for Rail – InterReality Labs. This team shares common personnel and Directors to support strategic collaboration and risk sharing. We’ll explore this huge new area in a separate document. Figure 34. HoloLens 2 and Guides used for raining on the 390 consoles 5.5.1 Better VR for L&D By using the Altoura platform to deliver VR Scenarios that use SMART’s high fidelity models as source we are combining 2 mature tool sets that can build more sophisticated experiences much faster than less mature and capable products. These can be used on any Tablet, PC or leading VR headsets as soon as they are published. A good example of the VR is shown by Sydney Rail (video linked on Vimeo below) https://vimeo.com/1024706471/9a4f7cfc5d?share=copy Figure 35. VR Training for detrainment (Sydney Rail) 5.5.2 More formative training opportunities with Multiuser Instructors and extra students can participate in a training scenario using multi-user scenarios. The interactions can include; Observation, Assistance and even hand-to-hand interaction where remote users can pass objects to each other in VR. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 38 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description A good example is linked here on Vimeo - https://vimeo.com/1025085989/30a69c2111?share=copy Figure 36. Multi-user VR training (Wabtech) 5.5.3 Getting to Value faster with Generative AI AI is becoming an essential tool for growing L&D capability and running a more efficient and safer Railway. SCG is a Microsoft AI Partner and advises, deploys and trains major clients such a Kojima on the safe use of AI in the Microsoft stack. We bring this capability with Altoura to build better training material faster. See an overview of this linked on Vimeo https://vimeo.com/910999346/fdb45ee14b?share=copy Figure 37. Altoura Generative AI Scenario Builder (Toyota) SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 39 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 5.5.4 Extending Competence development into the Field with AR & AI Workers in the field can benefit from AR workflow and training assistance linked directly to real equipment. This is a specialty of SCG as one of Microsoft’s leading Industrial Mixed Reality partners worldwide. Altoura works with Microsoft Guides and HoloLens as well as its own AR toolset. SCG and Altoura are delivering Microsoft’s Copilot technology with AR and 2D mobile devices. This means that staff and directly question and get answers from deep technical and procedural documentation while in the field. Figure 38. AR Work Instructions mapped to real equipment 5.5.5 Supporting Learning with Remote Expert Assistance Over 90% of the business value of VR and AR is delivered using hands-free Remote Assistance. The ease of deployment, use of Microsoft Teams and immediate usability means that Remote Assistance can be deployed and used across the Avanti and First Group estates. This brings immediate benefits in 1) elimination of unnecessary travel costs, 2) hard to find experts can come to a site ‘virtually’, 3) local staff can gain and test their technical skills under supervision, 4) things get fixed faster, and 5) decisions are made with better information. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 40 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 39. Remote Assistance for Training and FroClientine staff. 5.5.6 A mature multi-device deployment and roadmap SCG, Altoura and SMART serve major companies worldwide and continue to invest in current and emerging device support. As an accredited device supplier and Meta partner SCG can provide deeper logistical and technical support than small software developers – reducing risks of delays and training failures due to lack of support skill and infrastructure. Figure 40. Current and Future VR & AR devices A good example is linked here in Vimeo - 3D Content on Tablets https://vimeo.com/911000138/5ec3c6d10d?share=copy SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 41 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 41. SMART can supply, deploy and support PCs & Mobile 5.5.7 Your data – securely available wherever you need it SMART and Altoura work within the Microsoft and AWS ecosystems and provide expert consulting and services for secure data management and consumption for business decisions in the field and the boardroom. We can integrate Altoura through the Dataverse into your office systems and databases to minimise paperwork and improve decision making. Figure 42. SMART support the Enterprise Data Stack SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 42 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 6 INSTRUCTOR’S CONSOLE Depending on specification 6.1 Instructor Console We deliver instructor consoles for simulator facilities each capable of running scenarios concurreClienty on all of the simulators in the facility. These are integrated into robust Consoles that can be easily moved and offer touch-screen interfaces, as well as some voice and remote controls for more effective Instruction. Figure 43. Our latest low-impact Instructor Station The Instructor Console is configured to a customer’s specification but will typically offer the following functions: • A Virtual e-Train screen typically showing the position and status of the Trainee’s controls, doubles as a Fault-Finder screen controlled by mouse and/or touch. • A touchscreen repeat of the Train Management System and/or Safety MMI. • A Driver’s Information Display screen showing the forces and gradients and other key data for the Train being simulated. • Radio and Intercom controls • Audio headphones and microphone • Speakers for simulator surround audio, same as for a Desktop Console. • Driver’s Front Vision screen – sized to suit the resolution and visibility requirements for the cabin simulator • Trainee CCTV monitor, switchable to other CCTV inputs if required • Other CCTV or Vision repeats if required SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 43 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Depending on specification 6.2 Mobile Tablets and Laptops Control of the simulators is primarily through one touch-screen interface on the Instructor Panel. This panel can either be detached or twinned with a mobile tablet to allow Instructors to manage the simulators remotely. This allows all functions available through the Simulation Management Console. A Laptop interface is available for both Driver and Instructor using Surface Tablets or Asus Duo Laptops at the highest specification. The gaming versions release in 2021 now have the power to render the massive railway worlds at our required level of quality. Figure 44. Dual Screen Laptops for Driving and Instructor SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 44 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Included to specification 6.3 Observer Screens An Observer station with 4-6 large format 42-50” screens can be provided to show the Trainee CCTV, Forward vision, Driver Information Display and Console controls. The projection and controls on the display panels can be performed from the instructor desks and tablets The observer station will also be provided with several marker keys in a panel or a keyboard, which can be operated by the trainees to mark specific exercise events of interest, which can be retrieved and discussed after the completion of the exercise with the instructor. For the example below, a room layout is shown with screens that can display views from an Instructor Station. This room is sized for 20 trainees and separated from the main office area by a glass partition. Given this room is expected to generate the most noise, with replays and 20 trainees speaking, it has been placed at the end of the facility away from the main simulators. Figure 45. Classroom and Brief/Debrief room with Observation Screens SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 45 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Software 7 INSTRUCTOR SOFTWARE 7.1 Starting and Selecting Scenarios. A multi-Simulator Simulator system has the special ability to be able to control Simulators on the local network and even remote locations. This adds a starting step of selecting the relevant Simulator for a Scenario. The Streaming Screens and controls will adjust to the selected Simulator after a few seconds. Figure 46. Simulator & Scenario selection sequence 1. On startup, the Simulator Selection screen should be visible. If not, find the Smart Icon on the desktop or Task Bar and double click. 2. The Simulator Selection Screen allows you to select the simulator to control from a selection of those available. 3. Choose your Mode – likely you’ll only see ‘Run Scenario’ as the other modes are for Admins only 4. You’ll need to log in with your Instructor Password – this gives you access to your scenarios and scenarios shared with you. Ask your Admin for your details. 5. Then select your Scenario, this will automatically open the Simulator Control Screens, GSMR Communications and Control Repeat Screens. • Check the Comments area for any labels on Scenario status – validated Scenarios should be clearly marked. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 46 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.2 Simulator Control The Simulator Control Screens provide an intuitive view across the entire simulation session. Figure 47. Simulator Control Screens 1. SMC Tabs – these tabs at the top of the screen shows what simulator sessions are active from this Instructor Station. • When selected, the Streaming and Control Repeat views will update to show the selected simulator. 2. Simulation Toolbar – these controls at the top of the screen provide all of the functions during a scenario and when building scenarios. • The are grouped logically and have representative symbols for their purpose – feel free to explore 3. Scenario Map – this map covers the entire Route and shows the available route for the selected train in Blue. All items are clickable and have their own options for detailed control of events. 4. Route Chart – this linear chart shows the Set Route for the train and provides a clearer view of signal numbers. All features are clickable to allow changes and control during the scenario. 5. Control Repeat screens (normally 3 of them) show a real-time view of all control positions and states. You can change the view using the Function Keys – Fn2,3&4 on your keyboard. 6. Communications screen – this clickable console allows control of Intercom, GSMR and Train Comms systems. Just use it like you would the real thing. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 47 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.3 Scenario Controls 7.3.1 Scenario Control functions The Scenario can be controlled entirely from the one screen. 7.3.2 Scenario Initialization: Map Settings: Upon loading a scenario, the primary focus is on the train, indicated by a lighter yellow circle. This feature locks onto the train to be simulated, distinguishing it from other elements such as failed trains or timetabled trains (orange dots). Users can zoom in on the train to view its direction, the signal ahead, and other signal-based controls. Figure 48. Scenario Control Functions 1. Scenario management – brings up the Simulation Selection dialog from the start, allowing you to choose a new Scenario or enter into a different mode (such as Build Mode). 2. Play Scenario – sends the command to the Simulator to start the Scenario. You should see a small black splash screen on the streaming views. • A scenario will start in around 3 minutes for the first load after a system restart – this is the time needed to fully load all the resources. Following start-ups should be ready in about 1 minute. 3. Pauses the Scenario 4. Stops the Scenario. You will see the screens in the Simulator go blank. Note that the Scenario can be started again by pressing Start. Should you wish to keep the outside view in place at the end of the scenario – to keep the ‘feel’ inside the cab, then use the Pause button instead of Stop. 5. Restart the Simulator – this will put the Simulator PC(s) through a restart which should take less than 1 minute. 6. Stop/Start the Simulator – this will stop or start the Simulator PC SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 48 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.4 Streaming Views 7.4.1 Streaming Features The Streaming views are real-time low-latency video feeds and screen repeats from the chosen Simulator and Instructor station. These are consolidated into one video feed to give the Instructor an overview of what is happening at a glance. Figure 49. Simulator Video Streams and Control Repeats 1. Driver’s forward view – this should be animated and shows the view of the virtual world. 2. Cabin CCTV shows a feed from the independent CCTV camera mounted in the Cabin. 3. Fault Station – this shows the view on the Fault Station at the rear of the Cabin 4. Control Repeats – these are the 3 repeat screens that run (stacked) on the left hand Instructor Monitor. All views are showed here. • The TMS view is quite small – so you might prefer to use the Control Repeat screen to the Left and choose Fn+1 to show the Left Control Panel. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 49 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.5 Scenario Features The following features can generally be used in the Scenario Builder and in real-time in the Scenario Manager. This allows actions to be pre-set or changed in real-time. 7.5.1 Track and Signal Management: o Route Adjustment: Users can adjust the train’s route by hovering over crossing points and double- clicking to change the points. Signals can be set to auto or static, and ground position lights can be adjusted as needed. The system ensures that signals turn red when the train cannot proceed safely and return to a proceed aspect when the route is clear. o Signal Irregularities: Users can simulate signal irregularities, such as signals turning off when the train passes a specific point. This is achieved by selecting the desired action and plotting it on the track. Mistakes can be corrected by right-clicking to remove the action. o Map Orientation: The map orientation can be adjusted to provide a more helpful view of the track infrastructure, ensuring clear visibility of the train’s route and surroundings. Figure 50. Signalling, Points & Map Controls 1. Train lock shifts the centre of the map to follow the location of the student’s Train. You can zoom in and out with the mouse-wheel. This function is also available in the Route Map at the bottom. 2. Route orientation – this option switches between north-south orientation of the railway or an optimised orientation to fit the railway better in the available window. 3. The Route Map can be switched on or off. The Route Map shows the available Route that has been set – changing Points will adjust this view in real time. Al the signals are clickable to provide an easier way to control route functions. 4. Map features provides a tick-list of the features you’d like displayed on the Map. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 50 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 5. Map search gives you a search dialogue and list to make it easy to find Trains, Signals and other features. 6. Scenario Information is displayed at the corners of the map 7.5.2 Environmental Conditions: o Date and Time Settings: This function allows users to set the month, date, and hour of the day, affecting the environmental conditions such as vegetation and lighting. The slider at the bottom adjusts the time of day, enabling simulation from dawn to dusk and everything in between. o Seasonal Changes: Users can switch between the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter) with a single click, altering ground conditions and vegetation in real-time. o Windscreen Conditions: Options include demisting or defrosting the right-hand panel in the cab, simulating cold starts, and replicating a smashed windscreen. o Real-Time Weather Control: Users can plot weather conditions along the track or apply them in real-time. This includes snow, rain, lightning strikes, and cloud cover. Adjustments to adhesion on the track and visibility are also available through sliders. o Dynamic Weather Transitions: Weather conditions can be programmed to change at specific times during the scenario, allowing for a seamless transition through various weather states. Quick access buttons for sun, lightning, clouds, and snow enable automatic, gradual changes to replicate real-life conditions. o Forest Fire and Flood: These hazards can be dragged and dropped onto the track at any point. Users can move across the network and place these hazards, specifying the direction of travel for the train to encounter flood conditions. Mistakes can be easily corrected by hovering over the hazard and right-clicking to remove it. 7.5.3 Environmental Panels The World Simulation gives fine-grained control over the environment using a set of powerful and intuitive tools. Figure 51. Environmental Panels & Functions SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 51 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 1. Time & Date settings control the position of the Sun during the scenario and can be changed anytime. Useful for seasonal sun-glare and quick day/night scenarios. Buildings and platforms will be lit at night and are quite realistic when combined with rain, mist and snow. 2. Seasonal settings allow rapid switching between Autumn, Summer, Stormy and Snowy conditions. • A windscreen-freeze and defrost can be set in Winter • Grass depth and density can be set for less-used or countryside lines. • Rail Adhesion can be set universally, or specific values can be dragged onto the rail for specific scenarios. • A cracked windscreen can be applied or set to a specific point on the railway. 3. Weather Builder allows quick selection of common weather conditions in the click-panel. • Much more detailed weather conditions can be set to a timetable or positions. • Conditions will fade into each other over time to avoid jarring changes for the trainee. 4. Disasters – these are large scale changes that affect a wide area, • Fire – best used in forest or regional areas (unless you want to torch Birmingham) this will show a moderate level of fire and smoke around the railway. • Flood – this will just cover the railhead in water, filling the surrounding area to the level of the water. Choose your location with care unless you want to drown the world! SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 52 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.6 Signalling & Restrictions o Signal and Route Indications: The console provides detailed information on signals and route indications, crucial for realistic simulation. For instance, a red signal with no route indication is accurately depicted, ensuring trainees understand the scenario’s constraints. o Warning Boards and Low Adhesion: Users can drag and drop warning boards and low adhesion areas onto the track, specifying the direction of travel and the level of grip loss. Additional AWS for emergency speed restrictions can also be added and removed with ease. 7.6.1 Restrictions Panel The Restrictions panel shows all of the features that affect speed and speed limits. These will operate in the same way 1. Rail Adhesion settings can be set globally under the Environmental controls or to a specific area here. Simply drag the Adhesion setting to the desired location and set the Adhesion level. 2. Speed Restrictions 3. Warnings & other signs 4. Speed Restrictions Figure 52. Restrictions Panels SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 53 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.7 Teleport & Special Functions o Station Navigation: Users can move the train to different stations by setting teleport points. These points are plotted onto the track, and the train can be moved in real-time to these locations, maintaining existing conditions such as driver status and fault alerts. Teleport points can be added and removed as needed. Figure 53. Teleport & Special Functions Advanced scenarios can be created using the Teleport and other special railway functions 1. Teleport allows the Instructor to create a ‘teleport’ event between locations. This allows the Instructor to use many route locations without having to cover the distance in-between. • New teleports can be created by dragging the arrow icon to the desired target location, selecting the direction of travel and the weather conditions on arrival. • This will be given a number • The list of locations can be shown on a List, clicking each number will move the train to that location. 2. Special Functions are Railway-specific and activate special functionality if the train is capable of using it: • Tilt on/off • TASS Speed limits • SDO settings SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 54 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.8 Hazards & Fault Management: o Animal Placement: Animals can be placed on the track in real-time, simulating potential hazards. These can be removed by hovering over them and right-clicking. o Additional Hazards: The console allows for the simulation of various dangerous situations, including broken windscreens, overhead obstructions, cars on the line, detonators, broken rails, landslips, landslides, and fallen trees. These hazards can be added and removed with the same drag-and-drop functionality. o Fault Banks: There are five banks of faults, each containing a variety of issues that can be activated in real-time or set to trigger when the train passes a specific point. Faults can be cleared from the Train Management System (TMS) by selecting the relevant bank and choosing “no faults.” Some faults, such as dragging brakes, require the driver to isolate the respective system rather than clearing the fault. o Fault Types: The faults are categorized into braking and traction, systems and circuits, signalling faults, mechanical issues, and MCBs (Miniature Circuit Breakers). Activating an MCB fault will trip the switch on the back wall of the cab, which the driver cannot reset until the fault is cleared by the instructor. Figure 54. Scenario Hazards and Faults • Hazards and Faults are a very large set of functions that replicate specific railway events. Each can be dragged to the railway or triggered immediately from the menu. • Faults normally ‘stack’ and ‘persist’ until resolved and removed from the scenario by selection ‘no faults’ or un-ticking the fault. 1. Animal hazards – will place dogs, horses, cattle or a large number of animals on the railway. Blowing the horn will clear them. 2. Rail hazards – places trees, rocks, intruders, detonators and other obstructions on the railway. Blowing the horn will clear them where possible. 3. Train Faults provide a range of events linked to the physical operation of the train. 4. TMS Alerts create a wide range of train system faults linked to the logical operation of the train. 5. Railway Faults are a setoff events linked to the operation of the Railway 6. Train Control Faults cover couplers, horns and other failures the driver may need to manage. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 55 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7. Circuit Breakers will trip the MCB in the cabin and in the Fault Trainer for both Full Cabin and Console Simulators 7.9 Passengers, Track Workers & Communications: o Passenger Density: Users can control the number of passengers on platforms, adjusting the density from 1 (quietest) to 100 (busiest) using the centre scroll wheel. o Track Personnel: Various personnel, such as signallers and workmen, can be placed on the track. These can be equipped with flags, lights, or other signalling devices and are added using the drag- and-drop functionality. o GSM-R and Bell Buzzer: The console can simulate GSM-R signal loss and bell buzzer communications between the train manager and the driver. Users select the desired communication type, which is then replicated in the cab. The GSM-R system allows for making normal calls, terminating calls, simulating crew calls, and activating the driver loudspeaker for direct communication. o Door Controls: Door release and close commands can be issued from the console. The driver typically uses these controls, but the instructor can also manage them. The console allows for changing the driver’s end without altering environmental or track conditions. Figure 55. Passenger, Track Worker & Communication Panels The Simulator Control gives a range of options to manage Passengers, Signallers and Guard communications. 1. Passenger density – this control will activate or deactivate passengers with a click or scroll from 0 to 100% passenger loading with the mouse wheel. This is a universal control and affects all platforms 2. Signallers can be placed on the Railside anywhere in the map. There are 3 types, and each is in Network Rail Orange and will respond to a horn blow with a different animation. 3. GSMR –specific faults are available 4. Guard communication buzzer combinations can be sent from the list. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 56 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 5. Guard door controls allow opening and closing of doors. A special function moves the Driver from one end of the train to the other. This can be an alternative to a Teleport in a fixed location depending on what you need. 7.10 Simulator Communications Communications are one of the most important training tools and have a dedicated interface. The simulators use Voice over Internet capabilities which allows Instructors to communicate with any simulator on the network, and to switch communication modes easily. This is done through a dedicated click-to-control interface. NOTE – you can only use one channel at a time. So you’ll need to replace or turn off the channels at 1 - GSMR, 4-TRAIN COMMS or 6-INTERCOM in order to open a new call. 7.10.1 Instructor Interface Figure 56. Simulator Communications Interface 1. GSMR Handset. Click to remove or replace the handset. Once removed from the cradle, the range of GSMR calls can be made. 2. GSMR head unit with fully functional keys 3. GSMR Call types 4. Train Communications Handset 5. Train Communication Call Types 6. INTERCOM – allows monitoring of audio and speech with the Driver directly 7. Signaller or Driver selection for Calls 8. Message Selection and recording functions 9. Incoming Message display SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 57 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.11 Virtual Train Control Virtual Trains are a feature of the Railway Network simulation in that any form of train may be constructed to be available as an automated train in the simulation. Virtual Trains can be given basic movement instructions by the Instructor and will obey speed limits and signals on the virtual network in real time. Virtual trains will also respond to event-based triggers, making them useful training tools in constructing realistic traffic situations. 7.12 Scenario Replay After a simulation, the replay function will allow the Instructor to replay a part or the totality of the run. For this, the Instructor can select a Resumption Point and replay from that point. This will give an exact replay functionality, playing again all the sounds (including the Driver intercom conversations), the train dynamics, the CGI track view, the CCTV of the Driver, the Fault-Finding Station and the TMS. The replay does not need any Driver or Instructor intervention on the Console. 7.13 HD Train Builder and Control We provide a High-Definition Train Builder interface that allows an Instructor (or a student in certain applications) design and assemble any form of train consist possible. Our interface has been re-written to allow maximum interaction on normal computer screens as well as advanced tablets like the Microsoft Surface and Android Tablets (coming in 2019). Figure 57. HD Train Explorer allows rapid and detailed information on trains in a consist. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 58 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 58. HD Train Builder detailed information editing 7.14 Reporting & Assessment The Virtual Instructor and SMC software provide feedback and report generation at the end or during the training session, to facilitate evaluation of trainee performance. Reports that can be provided include: • Performance scoring allows a single relevant numeric score to be generated for a run in addition to supporting information for review. The scoring system uses detailed time-logs of all key trainee actions and compares them against a set standard or pre-recorded run set by an instructor. Deviations are shown in numeric and graphical form for review or can be set within tolerances to provide absolute scores. • The Trainee summary report gives a clear picture of performance during the scenario with highlights of infractions and deviations. • Any run can be recorded and recovered for comparison against others. The details will be finalised during design phase in consultation with CLIENT. The software has the means to pre-define evaluation criteria for judging driver performance at various trainee levels. 7.14.1 Automated Reporting vs Instructor-mediated reporting. In practice we see 2 main types of reporting used by experienced trainers, with many variations in between; • Automated reporting is made possible by the fact that the simulators are logging the vast majority of student actions and events, ostensibly because they are required to re-play the event later. These events are filtered by rule-sets that serve as effective assessments of behaviour in Scenarios. • Many simulation instructors are expected to offer their own judgement of performance against strict criteria, either to complement or replace automated reporting. These assessments can be recorded and combined with automated measurements to create Instructor-mediated reports. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 59 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.14.2 Example – Automated Report SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 60 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 7.15 Archiving, Backup & Retrieval The SMART-TRAIN computer and database system operates a regular network-based backup routine and critical files are backup up regularly against the risk of a system failure. At least 2 years of train records can be held, though this can be extended to 4-5 years for the storage provided and longer given the capacity of the database is unlimited, though an item number limit of around 65,000 is reasonable. 7.16 Networked Instruction The SMART-TRAIN databases are typically configured to be accessible across a specific site, allowing the sharing of data between any simulator, instructor console, procedural trainer or PC workstation on-site. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 61 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 8 VIRTUAL WORLD 8.1 Vision Quality The SMART-TRAIN image generation & display system provides the driver with forward view of the scene ahead, beside and behind the train and a simulated landscape that moves in correspondence to train speed and enhances the peripheral vision/sense of motion. The CGI has the following features: • Dynamic shadows (real time calculation, taking into consideration sun position, simulated time and seasonal changes • General and specific lights and lighting (train cars signals etc.) With higher quality, more immersive CGI the trainee benefits from; (a) A better perception of speed and appreciation of distance for signal sighting (improved signal visibility) and station stops (b) Increased realism of the visible data base resulting in a better immersion through: (i) light function effects (ii) superior object modelling and textures (including the buildings, trains, signals, removal objects etc.) (iii) better depth of field (iv) increased clarity of images (v) better texture definition (vi) readability of signs and information applicable to drivers (loco pilots) is enhanced (vii) object shadowing to improve depth of images (viii) special effects on the weather including falling rain and sun glare (ix) Simulate smoke and fire in tunnel (x) Smashed/damaged windscreen etc. Figure 59. Advanced lighting with almost no performance cost SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 62 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 60. Lighting effects and time-of day 8.2 Range and Field of View Visibility of signals shall be up to 1.6 km depending upon the field of view. For all other items, the guaranteed visibility will be 50 m. If the realistic size of the object represented on CGI does not permit such visibility, the size of the object may be marginally increased to fulfil the training purpose. 8.3 Landscapes The surroundings of the railway lines are modelled in such a manner as to make the character of the line recognisable. Typical buildings are implanted along the track and the visual cue of the track (bridges, tunnels, Traction sub-station, Switching posts, underpasses, embankments, noise protection) are shown in a near-realistic manner. Long range objects, distant buildings, stadiums, mountain ranges, are made to reinforce the recognition of the landscape. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 63 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 8.4 Time of Day and Year 8.5 Environmental Conditions Variable environment conditions such as day light, night-time, foggy weather, rainy weather, different seasons of the year, times of the day etc. are critical elements in training simulation and are fully simulated. Visual details such as dynamic shadows of the surroundings, reflection in the glass/water, visibility of sign boards as per the time and the season, cloud movement etc. are synchronised with distance light attenuation and 3D sound to deliver an immersive visual and aural environment. Lighting effects in fog, glare etc. can be used to challenge a trainee’s visibility. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 64 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 8.5.1 Weather 8.5.2 Seasonal skins The SMC allows the instructor to change the Season for the Scenario in real-time or pre-set it in a Scenario. Figure 61. Fog and rain are effective at reducing visibility for training purposes. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 65 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 8.6 Geo-specific Locations Our World-building teams can go to great lengths to do justice to iconic railway features. The examples below are taken from our simulator for the Moscow Metro. Given it’s national significance, the Metro operator specified a very high level of detail for all of its stations – each one faithfully replicated for the driver simulator and PC/VR navigation.. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 66 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 67 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 8.7 Sample Videos The visual quality is generally not possible to show in a static document like this one. We’ve linked a series of representative samples here using the trusted system Vimeo. Vimeo links will take you to a dedicated web page for each video – no YouTube advertisements or links to other videos. Geospecific West Coast Mainline We modelled the West Coast mainline from Preston to Penrith for Virgin / Avanti West Coast in 2019. This is that track as seen using a range of viewpoint built in to our simulator interface. All the features you see are standard and are n-1 generation. The version you will receive is more realistic. https://vimeo.com/405531513/b5dd42bdf0 PC-controlled simulation Covid shut down a lot of our sim projects due to travel restrictions. During that time in 2020 our team invested in our full PC interface. This supports the full functionality of the Simulator on a standard gaming PC. We’ll be using this as our Test and Demonstration environment for Testing and training through the project. https://vimeo.com/649717374/9aa1114c68 SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 68 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description PC / VR Freight Cabin We take pride in the realism of our 3D trains and we build the models on the detailed surveys we take to replicate the cabins and consoles for the hardware simulator. This video simply shows the interior of one of our recent freight simulators. https://vimeo.com/652895471/73550ecdb5 Freight Inspection on PC or VR A detailed model extends to wagons, couplers and infrastructure. Our clients use this for shunting and marshalling training. In 2022 we’ll be taking it a step further and using Augmented Reality to train Loco and Wagon inspections in-situ using Microsoft HoloLens 2. https://vimeo.com/652895291/e0e7d24927 SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 69 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 9 VIRTUAL RAILWAY 9.1 Track Layout & Quality The accurate replication of the railway network and realistic preparation of features such as landscape, buildings and passengers all add to the effective immersion for the trainee. We use rail design schematics and various other sources to replicate a specific railroad with great accuracy. Figure 62. Railway schematic showing critical gradient and curvature Figure 63. Realistic modelling of points using actual drawings SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 70 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 9.2 Railway Infrastructure Features The railway lines, surrounds and stations along the railway lines are clearly recognisable by their geometry, colour, furnishing and inscriptions. The following objects are typically included in the CGI database: a) Open/covered station platforms b) Railroad bedding, including safety area below edge of platform c) Platform edge with safety strip d) 6 parallel tracks, or more. e) Railway buildings and station cabins, modelled so that they are recognisable from the real buildings. f) Furnishing of platforms (seats, showcases) g) Sign plates (e.g. station name, engine stop boards, name plates, platform numbers, destination display possibly in languages other than English also) h) Caution board, Speed restriction board, Panto raise/lower board, Neutral section board, EMU, TP/TG/Termination board, Auxiliary warning system and track magnets. i) Entrances/exits j) Overhead cross over bridges k) Fouling marks on tracks, kilometres posts, hectometre posts (where applicable) and gradient stones l) All types of Railway signals, signs and boards, in compliance with actual standards and rules m) Switch machines n) People (track workers, crowd on the platform with animated movement) o) The surroundings should include river, hills, ravines, mountain, trees etc. along the track. p) OHE on electrified lines: q) Ambient light conditions in day or night, including lit signs and boards that can be turned on or off by the instructor. Figure 64. Station scene at night and later in the day, with lighting triggered by time of day SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 71 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 9.3 Dynamic Railway Features The UNIGINE engine has the power to represent scenes with simultaneous animation of signals, displays of crowds on platforms with variable densities and trains passing in the other directions. The behaviour/movements of passengers, trackside workers, vehicles, animals are simulated to fit with real life situations. All passengers are made with animated CGI and can have their appearance tailored to appear suitable for the population of the region. Position of switches and points are visible on the screens, with lights on the edge of the platforms as the train enters the station and animation of other objects (cars, motorbike, pedestrians, trucks, cycles etc.) as far as necessary for effective training. We by policy model our track and network features as intelligent models. For example – flooding water is not just a shimmering animated block placed in a specific location, it is simulated water that will flow and react as water will; weather and storms are simulated as real air movement and forces that will move and disrupt trees, foliage and other loose items. Our approach to faults and features is the same. This allows us to use these faults and features in more flexible ways, in any location. This avoiding the sad fact of simulation training that many drivers remember where specific testing events are located in a track, simply because they cannot be placed elsewhere. Our Instructor SMC – Simulator Management Console screens represent this Virtual World and Railway in a representation close to the physical form to allow intuitive placement of features and events. Where OCC screens are implemented, these may also be used by the instructor to monitor and interact with the Railway. Where specified, certain simulator functions may be available in the MFT/OCC menus to allow scenario edits in real-time during a session. 9.3.1 Standard Dynamic Features Dynamic features include animation where appropriate to improve the sense of realism and acceptance for the trainee. Typical features include: a) Turnouts (position clearly visible on image) b) Derail switches c) Level crossings of different types with people and vehicles standing at closed level crossings and moving if level crossing is open d) Speed signs e) Protection boards f) Whistle boards g) Country-specific railway signalling system including automatic signalling along with interlocks between signals, signals and switches as per nominated sections. h) Obstruction on track & track defects, debris i) Obstruction to signal due to over growth of trees, bushes etc. j) Standing train or individual wagon / any vehicle k) Obstruction on the track by derailed train (passenger/freight train of max. 4 coaches/ wagons) l) Animals on or alongside the track m) Passing trains with headlights on and dimmed in night conditions in front view and with last vehicle board during day or red lamp during night in rear view as seen through the front windshield depending upon whether it is moving towards the controlled train or moving away from it. n) Obstruction in overhead contact wire such as contact wire broken, insulator of OHE broken leading to Panto entanglement o) All right signals: animation of stationmaster, point man and gate man, manageable by instructor. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 72 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 9.3.2 Adding Dynamic Features 9.3.3 Adding Animals on track 9.3.4 External Emergencies For highly human and variable scenarios such as Passenger Panic and Terrorist attack, we will prepare specific animations of people and behaviours suitable for the training purpose. For most operational training purposes, the trainee may never be presented directly with a Terrorist individual but be responsible for correct action to reports of such an event. These scenarios will be detailed in line with the Operator’s disaster-prevention policies and HR policies to craft effective training scenarios. Fires will be tuned to the desired appearance and results in a Metro as these vary significaClienty from railroad-to-railroad. See below for different examples of fire- types we simulate for different railroad applications. Figure 65. Diesel Locomotive fire scenarios SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 73 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 66. Electrical Fire examples SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 74 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 10 VIRTUAL TRAIN 10.1 Train Dynamic Simulation The SMART-TRAIN simulator uses a detailed and sophisticated model of the Train and its interactions with Railroad & Track systems to provide an accurate and responsive driving experience. This section concerns what the model does for Instructors and Drivers in terms of training content, functionality and value. For more information on how the model works, we have provided an overview in section 11 - Dynamic Models along with a description of validation methods and key modelling tools. In order to ensure similar fidelity and realism to the actual train, the simulator has to take into consideration factors such as the gradient and curvature of the track, the passenger loading of the train at various times of the day, and the ambient light and noise conditions. All of these become part of the Virtual Train suite of software models. The software will be able to simulate all Train functions, including the following: a) Train movement (mode-specific propulsion, braking and emergency braking) b) Driving console c) Lightings d) Doors e) Communications f) Emergencies g) Coupling (car train rescue by Total Coupling or Mechanical Coupling) The software is modelled to incorporate the following subsystems into the simulator: a) Traction Distribution and Power b) Propulsion System and Dynamic Brake c) Mechanical Braking System d) Auxiliary System (e.g. lighting, horn) e) Passenger Communications 10.2 Trains on the Network We will include models for other Trains that operate on the railway. These will be available to the Instructor to add to a scenario and will obey appropriate signalling and train control rules. They may also have specific Features applied (eg. Fire, derailment). 10.3 Longitudinal Train Dynamic Model The Longitudinal Train dynamics model calculates the dynamic changes associated with variations in tractive effort of the locomotive/ motor coach, the initiation of braking forces, and changes in grade. The design recognises and defines relevant longitudinal compressive and tensile forces being transmitted between the individual wagons and then establish the inter-wagon relative displacement condition. Equally important is the free-slack condition where no inter-wagon forces are being transmitted. Similarly, the software design also models blocks of wagons and define related inter-wagon and cumulative forces for various train makeup. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 75 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 10.4 Braking Systems Any type of braking operation can be simulated based on the actual schematics and controls of the real train. Where braking operation of trains with twin pipe/single pipe graduated release air brake systems (for locomotive hauled trains) or twin pipe electro-pneumatic brake system with parking and regenerative/dynamic brakes (for EMU/MEMUs) these systems will be simulated. Figure 67. Train Schematic with real-time model links and interactivity 10.5 Features, Faults & Malfunctions Faults and malfunctions are specific procedures of settings and events in the Train model that require a response from the trainee to resolve. These are typically provided as a list to common and uncommon events to be simulated. The effects of a fault, e.g. the sounds of a leak – will be seen/heard wherever appropriate, whether located spatially in the cabin audio, or audible when the train walks the Fault Finder to the correct part of the train. Train performance problems are replicated in the performance and ‘feel’ for the train through the vision and motions system since they are closely synchronised with the Virtual train model. The Cab Simulator should be able to simulate all the different types of train failures listed in the Schedules provided by the Client. The trainees should be able to react and rectify these failures using the driving console panels as well as the fault-finding station. 10.6 Signalling and Automatic Controls The Virtual Train model includes a full simulation of the signalling system rules and automatic controls used on the railway which is essential for the correct operation of the Safety systems and behaviour of other automatic trains on the network. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 76 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 10.7 High Speed Train Operations Where required, a simulator may be upgraded quickly to allow operation up to 250 km/h (or higher). Our systems are all software-controlled so the adjustment and ‘scaling’ of Traction and Brake controls, Speed indicators and safety systems can be facilitated through software change, rather than extensive hardware upgrades. 10.8 Driver Evaluation Driver evaluation is made possible by the tracking and time-logging of many key performance factors, train status, control positions, forces and trainee actions. These are measured against absolute limits, ranges and/or ‘idea run’ standards recorded with the Virtual Instructor. There are no real limits to the factors that can be assessed, and details are normally finalised during the design phase in consultation with customer training specialists. The design sets the various levels of assessment and performance that need to be measured for different levels of skill between trainees. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 77 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 11 DYNAMIC MODELS & VALIDATION The SMART-TRAIN simulator software has its origin in the Eastern European State Railway simulation standards first published in the 1980’s and since subject to development by the rail authorities, universities and our engineers in Russia, Europe and Asia to incorporate new locomotive technologies and applications. These applications include Locomotive Hauled/ Electrical Multiple Unit (EMU)/Main Line Electrical Multiple Unit (MEMU) / Diesel Electric Multiple Unit (DEMU) used over many forms of varying terrain representative of the terrain and uses found worldwide. Each year we upgrade our production technologies and improve the accuracy of our mathematical models. We collaborate on technical consultations with specialists from manufacturers of traction rolling stock (TRS). We work with leading universities for the exchange of experimental data in train movements and track structure. 11.1 Validation Strategy When implemented in a simulator, several factors drive the quality of the model and validation against real-life conditions. Our strategy for validation follows a series of steps: 1. Accurate system modelling using validated inputs such as electrical circuit models based on the technical documentation from the manufacturer, documented characteristics of the power source (diesel generator, mains and transformer), the mechanical characteristics of the traction gear, nonlinear characteristics of traction motors etc. 2. Use open, proven modelling tools rather than bespoke software. For this we have adopted the Universal Mechanism tools and engine to drive our models. 3. Use our experience from related trains and operating situations over 13 years of rail simulator development to configure models in a way best suited to customer’s operating conditions. 4. Use real-life data from the manufacturers and operators as well as our own tests to tune the models. Our engineers will take data collected from known railway configurations and compare the results from simulators configured to the exact same railway conditions. Validation of the software simulation for each locomotive type is a standard process for each project, even after it has been proven on many types of locomotive and consist. In short, each new simulation model configuration is tested against real-world data from an agreed standard test. Data is collected using sensor equipment to measure values of coupler forces, horizontal and lateral acceleration, vertical and lateral forces and associated values and compared with predictions from the simulation which has been programmed with the same conditions. Any variation from actual performance of more than 5% is identified and the simulation will be adjusted until the prediction is within parameters +/- 5%. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 78 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 11.2 Traction Traction modelling and validation first requires the conversion of detailed system specifications and data to an effective mathematical model. Inputs to this include electrical circuit models based on the technical documentation from the manufacturer, including: • characteristics of the power source (diesel generator, mains and transformer), • mechanical characteristics of the traction gear, wheelsets • nonlinear characteristics of traction motors • signalling and safety systems • on-board electronics and controls • track-train interactions 11.2.1 Modelling a new train Mathematical models of the traction locomotives use proven documentation received from the manufacturer (1). Graphs of traction characteristics are fitted and translated into mathematical formulas with calculated coefficients for polynomials of 3-6th order. These are used to build a table of values for each possible position of the traction control. Simulated predictions are then checked for deviations from the reference curve. Calculation tolerances are set to 5%. Figure 68. Reference curve of traction force for diesel Figure 69. Approximation curve of traction force for locomotive diesel locomotive Red line built to standard points Blue line fitted using 5th order polynomial (2) The resulting polynomial has the form: Y = -4.9498e-007 + 1.7289e-004 X -2.3792e-002 X2 + 1.6395e+000 X3 -5.9444e+001 X4 + 1.0765e+003 X5 SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 79 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 11.2.2 Validating traction models Initial validation of models is done against manufacturer’s data using high frequency calculations and iteration with feedback, and testing of output parameters. This method of calculation is valid for gauge 1520 mm, 750 mm and approved by the R&D authority - UAB Research Institute "PROMTRANSNIIPROEKT" whose authors are leading academicians of the Russian Academy of Transport. Industry Approved References are: 1. 2007г. Locomotive Operational Manual 2ТЭ116У. Часть 2. 2ТЭ116.00.00.008-01 РЭ1 2. 2006г. Mathematical Analysis. 3. 2008г. Manual for System Microprocessor Control, Adjustment and Diagnostics (MMI). 27.Т.339.00.00.000 РЭ 4. 1985г. The rules of traction calculation for train operations. 5. 2016г. Update to the rules of traction calculations of industrial railway transport The expected outputs from these models are collected in performance tables and diagrams; for example, the chart below shows Traction Force in KN vs Speed Km/h for different power setting and for transitions between known points. Figure 70. Traction characteristics for diesel locomotive 2TE116 SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 80 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description To validate the traction model, a comparison of the traction calculations is made with the data obtained experimentally on identical track sections. Where this data is not available from the operator, Our engineers will apply instrumentation to a representative train and collect the data. Error calculations are measured over a stretch of 100 km or more and should not differ from the real-life traction data by more than 5%. Figure 71. Modal map – representation of the Figure 72. Experimental results from the simulator – Track and Driving plan, matched to empirical data within 5% SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 81 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 11.3 Braking For calculation and validation of the braking model, a mathematical model based on the system first published by I.K. Matrosova has proven internationally to deliver the greatest accuracy for braking forces and pneumatic system performance. Based on rules of operation established by the Russian Ministry of Railways, these rules are referenced in the latest manual of rolling stock brakes in railways from 06.06.2010. Annex 5 of this manual contains tables for determining Stopping Distance depending on the Calculated Braking Rate (in terms of cast iron brake shoes), speed brakes and steepness of descent. These Matrosova-based systems are used in the USA and many European countries. For each country, including India, the UK etc. the systems are calibrated against empirical data and models provided by the Rail Authority from that country. Braking performance is calibrated against the required braking nomograms for the selected type of locomotive, consist and braking conditions. The mathematical model produces data in a table for all kinds of slopes up to the required critical slope, and for all train configurations with the range of coefficient of friction of the wheel. Error tolerances should not exceed 5%. If tolerances are exceeded the mathematical models are adjusted. The model considers the resistance of the train in curves, track profile, loadings for each wagon, parameters, distributed braking on/off, automatic braking systems, variable coefficient of adhesion, weather, turnouts, wind load, brakes with iron, composite pads Figure 73. Braking performance for the first and last wagon and disc brakes. An example of a sample track section and driving profile is shown below, with the relevant simulator output compared for purposes of validation. Figure 74. Model Data for TRS - CT/277 Figure 75. Correlated performance in the simulator SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 82 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 11.4 Rolling Resistance & Dynamics To calculate Rolling Resistance, our dynamic software model considers the movement of each traction unit and wagon, each object in the consist is modelled for its individual rolling resistance. Key model elements include: • Track profiles and flange friction on curves, • air resistance to movement using aerodynamic models, • friction (grease, heat, diameters, types of tyre trolleys), • load characteristic in wagons (bulk liquid cargoes, oversized wagons). Model validation is performed against standard train consists and track sections, whether the data is provided by the operator or collected by our engineers in the development process. Empirical data is matched against a simulator using the identical track section and operational parameters. Error tolerances should not exceed 5%. If tolerances are exceeded the mathematical models are adjusted. Figure 76. Modelling of the complete consist Key proven formulae can be applied to certain consists, for use in the simulation engine and to validate simulator data against empirical data collected by the operator and/or our engineers. For example, rolling resistance formulae for primary electric and diesel locomotives: 𝑊𝑊о′=9.81(2.4+0,009𝑣𝑣∙3.6+0,00035(𝑣𝑣∙3.6)2)𝑀𝑀/1000, Н, (Formula 11.1) e.g. Rolling resistance for a loaded 4-axle wagon on roller bearings and refrigerated wagons in a consist (2 locomotives and 20 wagons): 𝑊𝑊о′′=9.81(0.7𝑀𝑀/1000+(3+0.09𝑣𝑣∙3.6+0,002(𝑣𝑣∙3.6)2∙4), Н. (Formula 11.2) e.g. Rolling resistance for one locomotive and 4 empty wagons on roller bearings: 𝑊𝑊о′′=9.81(1+0,042𝑣𝑣∙3.6+0,00016(𝑣𝑣∙3.6) 2) 𝑀𝑀/1000, Н. (Formula 11.3) e.g. Rolling resistance for a metal-framed Passenger wagon on roller bearings up to speeds of 160 km/h: 𝑊𝑊о′′=9.81(0.7𝑀𝑀/1000+(8+0.16𝑣𝑣∙3.6+0,0023(𝑣𝑣∙3.6) 2) 4), Н. (Formula 11.4) SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 83 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Six degrees of freedom In addition to calculations of forces between wagons, the track and the environment; the forces are affecting the structure and lead to motion in 6-axes (surge, sway, heave, pitch, roll, yaw). The data obtained for the locomotive is passed to the dynamic platform (if available) for more complete immersion of the trainee. These movements and the coupler-forces and other inertial effect resulting can be validated against published or empirical data using an instrumented train during the development and testing stages. Many models have already been validated using the UM software pictured below. Figure 77. Tank wagon Model Figure 78. example of calculation model of dynamic forces using UM software Figure 79. Dependence of given mass SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 84 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 11.5 Safety systems Safety devices on trains, such as CLUB, KPD-3Rs, Kon TSKBM, their principles of operation and control commands must be incorporated in the dynamic Train Model. Automatic signalling systems such as ALSN, ALSN-YONG with high-speed traffic are also incorporated in the model due to their influence on speed, braking and real-time operation. These systems incorporate significant amounts of coded logic in software that must be simulated and represented both in train behaviour and Man-machine Interfaces (MMIs) for the information and interaction with the driver. Figure 80. CLUB MMI safety device Figure 81. Operation of the CLUB-u MMI with ALSN automatic signalling Figure 82. Safety MMI screen simulation for locomotive MPSU Figure 83. Block diagram of CLUB-u MMI system software SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 85 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 11.6 Sound Model The SMART-TRAIN model drives the outputs from the sound system of the surrounding world and the train, both inside and outside. To make this as realistic as possible, our engineering team carries out extensive sound recording of the train in all its modes of operation in the yard and during movement. Recorded sounds are processed and are integrated into the model of distributed sounds. Sounds are then produced in full 5.1 surround in the correct direction and spatial position relative to the Driver to deliver audio cues that are consistent with real-life operation. The sound model is an integral function of the Unigine CGI engine. For more information on the specific technologies used to play these sounds see section 4.8 - Audio Immersion 11.7 Microprocessor Control Systems A SMART-TRAIN simulator includes modelling of the microprocessor control systems of the train, the types of automatic control systems for the traction motors, calculations of fuel and electricity consumption during the trip, status and faults for internal train systems. This delivers realistic train performance then complex systems are being used for day-to-day operations and fault-finding. The results of these systems are also used to control the output of Driver Controls and in output screens such as the Driver’s Information Display. These systems are validated against the real-life operation of equipment recorded by our engineering team as well as the detailed operational documentation provided by the Operator to develop the simulation. Figure 84. Fuel Consumption depending on the position of the controller and speed of trains SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 86 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 12 SMART SIMULATOR R&D CAPABILITY Smart has made significant investment in simulator R&D over the years and is increasing this in 2024 – 2027 with the aim of defining a new world-class for rail simulation. They key strategies include: • Use of AI, AR and VR technologies to enhance training and operational support. • Step-change in Synthetic Environments – much of the rail simulator industry has adopted gaming platforms for their simplicity and universality, but these have led to no significant improvement in visual environments for 10 years. • Simulator control electronics are a critical factor in the function and reliability of simulator systems. Smart has invested in developing new dedicated devices to speed up simulator development and to make sure they are available 99%+. • Haptic sensation - Motion is an important factor in the immersiveness of a simulator. Smart has designed and built and is developing more Rail Motion systems ranging from 3-6 degrees of freedom to make them more accessible. 12.1 Investment and capability development Smart’s R&D and Commercialisation Advisory Board works together continuously on strategies to establish Smart as the leading simulator manufacturer in the rail and other developing industries. Core funding is coordinated from Revenues and Shareholder funds with the aim of applying 6-10% of Revenue to develop new capabilities. Members are, at the time of writing of this document: Name R&D Role Qualification Alex Levcuk, CEO CEO, Strategy & Bachelor of Management & Administration. Alex Investment has led Smart for X years and has re-invested revenues and shareholder funds in intelligent technologies and building an expert team. Grant Coordinator Grants Strategy & The UK Department of Business implements consultant Funds Acquisition national strategies and programs aimed at improving the development of economy and international competitiveness, purposefully helps to invest in business support, research and development. Joseph Abramovich, CSE Systems Engineering & Master’s Degree in Computer Science. Joseph has Software Strategy developed major banking and nuclear power station IT & security systems and brings 15 years of systems engineering experience. 5 years simulator development experience. Fluent in Russia, Ukrainian, English and Lithuanian. Evgeniy Nemirovsky, CME Mechanical Engineering Bachelor of Railway Engineering. Evgeniy has 23 & Manufacturing years’ experience in mechanical design and Strategy manufacture for railway locomotives. 15 years have been spent developing high-fidelity rail simulators. Paul Williamson, CMO Commercialisation Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering, MBA. Paul Director – lead in has 20 years’ experience in technology Industrial development, , Med-tech start-up and VC Collaborations and investment / turnaround consultant. He has been advise on Simulator working in Rail and Engineering simulation since technology 2005. He receClienty led a major EU Tech R&D development company as a Director – leading a large team of specialist helping new technologies source grants, investment and industry partners for their inventions. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 87 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 12.2 Step-change in Synthetic Environments The Virtual Reality worlds used in Rail Simulators developed rapidly in 2008-2011 and then reached a plateau as most of the vendors standardised on gaming technologies but had to compromise on quality, interactivity and detail to maintain performance for real-time simulators. A good example was the balance of moving people on platforms vs train speed as the computers struggled to maintain frame-rate in congested scenarios. The best-practices required to deliver a quality real-time synthetic environment with these constraints are still apparent today, even as the VR technologies improve. Smart made a significant business decision in 2015/2016 to discontinue these practices and invest in new methods to take full advantage of the new generation technologies. This required us to delay or decline major projects in 2017 to focus resources on a complete regeneration of a new simulator platform. Unigine 2.0 is the leading platform for military and industrial synthetic environments for real-time simulation. It is based in Russia and has close relationships with our development and synthetic environment teams – most of whom speak Russian and are in or near our offices in Yekaterinburg, Russia. Much of our investment has not been in content, but in Track Builder Tools that allow our team to build Virtual Worlds that make full use of Unigine’s capabilities. The step-changes are led by our CEO Alex and CSE Nikolaj driven by a set of key principles; 1. Unlock the Virtual World for navigation on-foot and up-close navigation by VR headsets and HD Fault-Trainers 2. Eliminate ‘canned’ effects that are typically limited to one or two locations and thus are predictable 3. Be more natural – with more extreme weather and environment effects based on physics and algorithms instead of ‘canned’ animations 4. Be unexpected – make behaviours and scenarios harder to predict by introducing algorithmic behaviours and randomness. Figure 85. Unlocking the full extent of a world using real data and high-performance real-time delivery SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 88 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description These principles can be applied to Rail simulation in many ways – a few examples are described below. Table 1. Step-changes in Synthetic Environments enabled by investment in Unigine Real-time Simulator Old way of doing things Smart way of doing things Features Geographic Scope Detail is limited to ‘track Technically unlimited geography but corridor’ with limited ‘near for rail we take about 10-15 km either plane’ content and a static side of track, near plane is painted ‘far plane’. progressively rendered up to HD, ‘far plane’ is actual geography from GIS with dynamic skyline. Regional buildings and Typically limited to 20-30 All visible structures replicated in major structures ‘unique’ buildings or structures, progressive HD, example is Georgian with copies filling in the scene. track with 3,500 ‘unique’ structures over 150km and 50% replicated as copies. Trains and Wagons 3D ‘tubes’ are usually mapped All modelled in HD polygon detail and with good texture maps to give HD textures, rendering is progressively the appearance of a real train, improved by Unigine as you get closer. does not stand up to close Supports HD Fault-fixing and VR inspection. Headsets for virtual ‘hands-on’. Track and Ballast Simple surfaces mapped with Higher quality polygon count and good texture maps, does not textures rendered progressively. stand up to close inspection. Supports HD Fault-fixing and VR Headsets for walking the track and interacting with equipment. Skies & Seasons Static Sky-dome with texture Dynamic Sky with real far-plane and lighting adjustable by geography, changing lighting and seasons. weather effects Weather Effects Animated weather effects as Physics-based wind, rain and weather looping samples that can be effects based on algorithms. Look increased or decreased using much more natural and chaotic. % slider controls. Light Effects Simple lighting effects with Physics-based lighting and limited interaction with other refraction/reflection for transparent objects, windows etc. but solids and liquids including surface effective for reflections, glare. water and ice, dirt and water on windscreens. Dust, Clouds and Smoke Animated effects that can be Volumetric clouds and particle effects increased or decreased using driven by physics-based algorithms to % slider controls. react to in-scene objects, winds etc.. Fire and Flames Static ‘fire’ animations with Algorithmic Physics-based fires that some particle-based smoke vary depending on type (electric, oil, effects. wood), intensity and distance. Full volumetric smoke effects. Flood and Subsidence Static water pools and/or track Physics-based water and visually damage as fixed animations in realistic floods and subsidence effects limited locations. in any location using algorithms and physics-based effects. People Behaviours A library of key characters with A library with randomisation of pre-recorded animated appearance and behaviours of behaviours, easily predictable characters, with behaviours and once familiar with the scenarios based on algorithms that simulator. can be applied to any appropriate character. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 89 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description VR Headsets Limited compatibility due to A fully HD world rendered low-quality of ‘close-up’ progressively based on proximity. experience in models that are optimised for ‘real-time’ performance. HD Fault-trainers Typically created by 3rd party A HD Fault-trainer experience studios with no re-use of the navigated in VR using headsets or complex real-time train hybrid touch-controls simply by simulations. changing hardware. Figure 86. Screen capture of rain effect with algorithm settings Figure 87. We enjoy a close relationship with Unigine, sharing a common language and philosophy of development SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 90 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 12.3 Microelectronics With experience gained from delivering more than 300 high-fidelity rail hardware simulators into the Russian, Eastern European, CIS and Asian markets we have refined our electronics for stability and reliability. This is essential as many of our installations are physically remote or restricted. The schematic below shows our Controller attached to the central Switch and coordinating all hardware communications. With future development, we can increase the amount of Motion control and are increasing the scope of operation with a view to further miniaturising the system. Redundancy and automatic fail-over is managed by 2 units in series. Figure 88. Simulator schematic and controllers Figure 89. 2017 Version Controller installed SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 91 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 12.4 Motion Motion platforms are an increasingly interesting area for development for Rail. CurreClienty, most small implementations use no motion system (due to space and cost) and larger projects use COTS 6 dof systems that are designed for Flight Simulators. This last compromise means that Surge – a critical dimension for Rail – is not fully implemented, but the equipment cost is reduced. A true Rail 5-6 dof system costs 2-3x the equipment cost of the flight simulator systems. 12.4.1 Smart’s own 1-6 dof Motion Systems Smart has already successfully developed a cost-effective 3 dof system for the smaller projects that delivers effective, reliable motion simulation and minimises the required ceiling-height for the simulator. This has been sold and delivered to clients since the first prototype was developed in 2015. A Smart-designed 2 dof system was fitted as a kick-seat in conjunction with a COTS 6 dof platform for a specialist project in Eastern Europe. This required advanced controls to manage 8 dof motion and coordination between the 2 systems. Figure 90. SMART-3-MOTION platform design models Figure 91. Full Cab Siemens ER20CF simulator on SMART-3-MOTION platform A Smart 5-6 dof system is in development.. This is based on experience from 6 dof delivery projects to RZD and NVB in CIS using COTS systems. In the latter project, an additional motion seat was added, creating a 8-dof motion problem for the engineers to control. While this challenge was overcome, the lack of flexibility with COTS controllers helped our team decide to invest in their own systems. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 92 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Processes 13 PROJECT MANAGEMENT Smart uses an integrated development process that incorporates the principles of PRINCE-2 to provide a common approach to all stages of its projects. This process is split into five themes across six stages in the delivery life-cycle. As shown in the diagram below, life-cycle stages are; Project Initiation, Design, Development, Testing, Delivery & Support. The themes run horizontally across the chart and are; Management, Services, Software, Hardware & Facilities. The flowchart shows the development of one or more simulators using PRINCE-2 concepts based on ‘project products’ or outcomes. PRINCE-2 is a globally recognised methodology designed to reduce the complexity and risk of major IT projects. Smart uses PRINCE-2 to describe all its work stages, project outputs and supporting documentation. This document will explain the Project Management approach while the other key topics will be explained in; • Project Inputs – describes input data and facility requirements for the simulators. • Design and Manufacturing – describes the development process for simulators and equipment. • Testing and Quality – describes the Testing process and Quality Assurance. • Delivery and Training describes the sequence of delivery, installation and training courses for users. • Warranty and Support – describes the warranty and Service Level Agreement for support and how it is implemented. Figure 92. SMART Simulator Project and Product Structure SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 93 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 13.1 The SMART Product Structure. A core principle of the PRINCE-2 methodology is that the output of any project is the ‘Project Products’ it delivers, instead of being focused on ‘work’ or ‘tasks’. The Project Products make up the end result and are delivered to the customer. Intermediate tasks such as Purchasing are important, but Purchasing is not a Project Product. By focusing on the correct description (design) of the Products and assuring their quality we can assure the success of the project. In our process we have identified the universal Project Products common to every simulator project and have linked them to customer specifications & test plans, so they are consistent throughout the project. Other types of products are Specialist products – specialised inputs and resources required for later products; and Management Products – tasks or outcomes required to achieve the end product but not actually delivered in the end result, such as Purchasing, FAT testing etc. We’ve highlighted Key Data Sources and Key Documents as important Products in our projects as they can block the completion of a task if not available or complete. The table below identifies them and the figure below that shows them in context. Table 2. PRINCE-2 Product types in our projects Project Products Specialist Products Management Products Design Virtual Train Train Model Reviews Project Products are deliverables of Specialist Products are inputs and Management Products are the Project resources to Project products activities that are not delivered with into the final result Virtual Train Product Machine Data Description Collection Key Data Sources and collections Key Documents are shown are an are an important type of Specialist important type of Management Product Product Figure 93. Flow of Products in the Software Development Theme The Project Products for most Simulator Projects are shown in the table below, arranged by Theme and Stage as they appear in the Process. In most projects we will refer to ‘Simulators’ meaning all of the Project Products depending on the specification of the particular project. Table 3. Project Products typical to most Simulator Projects SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 94 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Theme Development Stage Delivery Stage Support Stage Services 1. User / Admin Training 1. Level 2/3 Support 2. Level 1 Support Software 1. Virtual World 2. Documentation 3. Software Updates 2. Virtual Railway 3. Training Scenarios 4. Backups/Disaster 3. Virtual Train Recovery 4. Instructor Software 5. VR interfaces 6. Control Room Interfaces 7. Fault-Finding Software Hardware 8. Student Stations 4. Installation & 5. Hardware preventive (Simulators of any type) Commissioning Maintenance 9. Instructor Stations 10. Observer Stations Facilities 11. Facility Development 6. Facility Preventive maintenance 13.2 Stage-based Project Management The stages in a Simulator Project are fairly standard between projects. The Project Initiation Stage is normally triggered by a Contract but has inputs such as a Specification and Training Needs Analysis which may be initial activities in an engagement. The Design Stage has a simple data-input, design output format but may iterate over 1-3 iterations depending on the completeness of the specification and quality and timeliness of the input data and parts. So we may see one Design Review, or we may iterate through Preliminary Design Review, Critical Design Review before the design is locked at Final Design Review. Similarly, the following Stages may iterate where multiple simulators of different types are ordered, to be delivered over a broad timescale, to different consignees and locations. This does not change the project products, it just means there will be copies or variations being delivered. Each stage has a gateway to pass before the next can be started, these are the Design and FAT/SAT Testing Reviews. Figure 94. Project Stages 13.3 Project Organisation 13.3.1 Project Roles & Responsibilities Smart Smart is responsible for all aspects of the design, implementation and delivery of the simulator as specified by the Client. Smart has a quality management system having third party certification to ISO 9001:2000. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 95 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Project Contacts Contact details of the key project personnel are listed below. Role Person / Office Contact Details Tenderer Project Manager Ian Duffy Quality Manager Alex Levcuk, CEO Smart Contractor’s Project Organisation The key positions and responsibilities are shown below. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 96 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Key project positions Responsibilities and authorities within the project team are listed below. Role Responsibility and Authority Project • Overall technical responsibility, and leadership of design reviews Manager • Approval of project plans (resource allocation, budget, schedule) • Approval of all staffing (labour hire) contracts Staff & budget allocation within approved budget & resource allocation • Authorisation of all customer correspondence • Project-level records management (design records, correspondence) • Customer reporting and Tenderer internal progress reporting • Approval of budgeted purchase items, excluding labour hire contracts • Application of quality control to work performed by contract staff • Overall direction of corrective action system for project • Advising Quality Manager of all customer reported problems & complaint • Approval of minor engineering changes • Identification of and action on training needs • Review of the results of any audits conducted and ensuring the required corrective actions are implemented. • Development, maintenance and distribution of the Quality Plan to ensure all requirements peculiar to the Training Simulator project are communicated and understood by all project staff. Design • Responsible for ensuring the compliance of the technical solution with the Authority customer technical specification. • Technical leadership and approval of the system architecture, system design and sub-system specifications. • Technical review of each sub-system design for compliance with the sub- system specification. • Ensure the integrity and completeness of all sub-system interfaces. • Set general design direction and commonality requirements for the Training Simulator. • Review for consistency of architecture with simulator products being developed for or previously delivered to other Australian Rail operators. Integration and • Responsible for the development of the integration and testing strategies Test Manager for the Training Simulator. • Development of integration plans, test plans and procedures • Development of test harnesses and data required to assist in the validation (integration) and verification (test) of the Training Simulator. • Review of system and sub-system designs to ensure minimisation of integration risk and incorporation of capabilities that simplify the testing process. • Ensuring customer satisfaction with the testing regime, test coverage and test adequacy. • Delivery of test reports • Scheduling of integration and test activities • Acceptance of items into integration and test having successfully passed unit testing requirements. • Daily maintenance of integration and test statistics Sub System • Design Authority responsibility within Defined Sub-System Managers • Application of project-wide design practices to sub system tasks • Documentation responsibility for allocated sub system tasks • Test Plan formulation and test records generation for sub systems Quality • Ensuring that the activities required by the Quality System and the contract Manager are adequately addressed by the quality plan and that these activities are planned, implemented and controlled and that their progress is monitored by the responsible persons. • Investigation of all customer reported problems or complaints SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 97 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Role Responsibility and Authority • Authorising requests for exemption from quality system elements in conjunction with the Project Manager. • Approval of Project Quality Plan. • Monitoring and control of all corrective actions and identifying deficiencies in close out of these actions to the project manager in the first instance. • Approval of Test Plans (full simulator and Sub-System) • Approval of variations to this plan • Audit of project engineering or management process (ad-hoc or formal) • Witness or review of test and inspection activity and test data • Physical configuration audit of completed simulators prior to release • Release authorisation of all deliverable items to the customer Finance • Responsible for the collation of all project expenses • Issuing of invoices upon direction by the Project Manager • Receipt of payment from customer. Development • Contract acceptance and contract variation approval Director 13.4 Interface with Purchaser’s Organization 13.4.1 Formal communication Formal communication between the Client (the purchaser) and Smart (the contractor) will be in writing. Smart’s point of contact for all project matters will be Project Manager (the Client) plus the specific Consignee designated.. 13.4.2 Informal communication Informal communication between Smart’s project members and the Client personnel will be facilitated through the Project Manager. Informal communication will observe the following conditions. 1. Only Smart’s Project Manager (or his delegate) has authority to make undertakings on behalf of Smart. 2. Any request for information required under the contract will be made in writing through the formal communication channel. 3. Information sourced from the Consignee or the Client will only be accepted as customer furnished information by Smart when it is provided through the formal communication channel. 4. Information can be gained from Smart only through the formal communications channel. 13.4.3 Change requests Changes will be effected only through the Variations provisions of the General and Specific Conditions of the contract. Any variation to the contract conditions or the requirements of the simulator will be requested formally to Smart’s Project Manager. No variations will be implemented without confirmation in writing by the Client. Smart’s Project Manager will respond to the Client in accordance with the General Conditions of the contract. 13.4.4 Project reporting Written progress reports will be prepared for the Client in the last week of each calendar month. Progress reports will include the following.  General Summary of the status of the Contract, including an executive statement as to whether the Contract is on program or ahead of or behind program  A summary of any critical items or activities and their potential impact SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 98 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description  A summary of any changes to the Contractor’s organisational structure including management structure and design team location  A summary of progress of the design under the contract  A summary of the status of production, including a percentage of completeness of the work under the contract and a summary of other sub-assembly, component or preliminary work in progress  A summary of progress of drafting  A statement regarding the progress of sub-contract work including the placement of sub- contract orders, the progress of any sub-contractor design, the progress of sub-contractor work in progress and sub-contractor progress relative to the contract program  A summary of the status of contract variations, listing variations approved or rejected, variations under review and variations pending  A summary of the status of Quality Assurance matters  A summary of the status of manuals being produced  A summary of the status of the production of training modules  A contract deliverable items table, listing all reports, test plans and procedures, manuals, design reports and drawings and other items to be supplied, the due date of supply of those items and the progress towards supplying those items  A chart of milestone events extract from the contract program, listing the event and the due date to achieve that event for each design, procurement, manufacture and delivery of each unit of each separable portion  An updated Contract Program The progress report will also list all sub-contractors and suppliers upon whom letters of intent will have been placed or will be placed within the next two months. The listing will detail:  the sub-contractor or supplier  a description of the goods, components or materials to be supplied  the location of manufacture  the specification reference  the planned and actual order dates  the quality assurance category required of the sub-contractor by Smart  the quality assurance activities actually undertaken by Smart 13.4.5 Progress Meetings Routine progress review meetings between Smart and the Client will be held. The frequency of these meetings will be determined upon contract award. It is envisaged that the meetings will be conducted not more frequeClienty than monthly intervals. 13.4.6 Management of sub-contractors Major subcontractors will be required to submit a progress report to Smart on the third Friday of each calendar month. Progress reports will contain information about the following items:  Work completed – expressed in terms of milestones listed in the project schedule  Work in progress  Technical variations from the specification requirements  Organisational changes SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 99 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description  Progress of sub-contractors  Risk status report  Schedule compliance and dependencies  An updated Contract Program  Claims issued to suppliers and sub-contractors The detail of the progress report will be sufficient to enable Smart to meet its reporting obligations to the Client. 13.5 Project Management 13.5.1 Management Performance Smart undertakes a wide range of assignments from investigative and problem-solving tasks to system development and full project delivery with integrated products and custom developed applications. Hence we approach each assignment on its merits for scope, duration, complexity, risk, requirements of each customer and the contract or business arrangements. Underlying this flexibility, Smart adheres to a number of key principles that have helped successfully deliver projects and build a successful business. Smart is an organisation that pursues customer focus as a key element of its strategy. One of our key skills is in listening and understanding customer requirements and expectations. This is particularly suited to Training and Development tasks where the culture and the potential use patterns of the end user organisation are as important as the key technical requirements. In addition to the procedures of the QA system and the development methodology outlined above, Smart has a full suite of tools and techniques that are used to manage projects. These are outlined below. 13.5.2 Requirements Traceability Smart uses an open tool set to manage requirements and to trace the linkages and dependencies between project technical elements. This enables original requirements to be expanded into “child” requirements, as additional understanding and interpretation of original requirements are determined. 13.5.3 Configuration Management Smart uses open tools to check in software and manage versions for testing and release. 13.5.4 Project Management System (PMS) Smart uses a web based PMS for managing projects. The PMS utilises a project Work Breakdown Structure which enables Statements of Work (SOW) to be created with start/finish dates, deliverables listed against each SOW, budgets to be assigned and reported on through a linkage to the employee time sheet system. The PMS then has a reporting module which is updated each month (minimum) by the project manager to assess performance against targets. 13.5.5 Project Scheduling and Resourcing Smart utilises Microsoft Project for scheduling of projects. This is done by the project manager, who is responsible for identifying the technical and resource requirements to meet the needs of their project. Smart then compiles each project resource requirement into a consolidated daily programme that schedules all resources. This is done by the Operations Manager who has overall responsibility for delivery of all tasks undertaken by the company. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 100 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description This structure means that the Project managers are able to concentrate on the development of technical excellence in their projects and the resources are made available on the most efficient basis to meet the requirements of all stakeholders. Smart has found it beneficial to manage projects this way due to the variety of tasks undertaken by the company. It means that we gain the benefit of being flexible and maximising the efficient utilisation of resources. 13.6 Design and Compliance Management To ensure that the simulator is tailored to meet the rail operators needs, Smart has developed a methodology to work closely with its customers during the detailed definition of their simulator. Smart’s Quality System has been accredited with ISO 9001:2000. 13.6.1 Design Control For the purposes of this project, reviews will be conducted at the completion of the Preliminary Design phase and the Detailed Design phase. In addition Smart will conduct on-going peer reviews as well as regular technical consultation visits with the Client to provide visibility as well as a mechanism for customer input into the on-going design process. 13.7 Customer Requirements and Concept The final customer requirements for the simulators will evolve by Smart working closely with the Client to fully tailor and define the final solution. It is anticipated that for the initial baseline simulator delivery, this phase will be concluded in phase 2 of the nominated tender process. 13.8 System Requirements and System Design The preparation of the Design Requirements (Functional) Specification requires a system functional analysis to be performed. This process is closely linked to the training needs analysis which drives the basic requirements. The functional analysis includes:  analysis of the user input to determine the manner in which the system will be used  analysis and specification of the interfaces to the system  analysis and specification of user displays, facilities and reports  analysis and specification of system behavioural requirements  analysis and specification of audio, visual and motion performance requirements  analysis and specification of train model performance requirements  analysis and specification of system performance requirements  analysis and specification of system constraints, including such items as hardware, interoperability, environmental, safety and human factors During the preparation of the Functional Specification, the acceptance criteria for the formal acceptance of the system are developed. The System Design activity defines the system architecture. The systems internal behaviour and its interaction with the external environment is defined to a sufficient level of detail to scope any required modifications to the major sub-systems of the system so that they meet the customer’s specific requirements. The output of the System Design drives the development of product specifications for each of the systems sub-systems. Each product specification takes the system level requirements and either:  allocates the requirement directly to the sub-system if the requirement does not specify functionality in other sub-systems SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 101 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description  derives new requirements of one or many sub-systems that together will ensure compliance with the system level requirement Further requirements are identified and specified to ensure a complete definition of the function and performance of the sub-system. The detail of the requirements specification is to be sufficient to allow the commencement of the preliminary design of each of the software hardware units identified described by the sub-system specification. Each sub-system specification will be supported by an Interface definition that will describe all interfaces into and out of the system. These interface definitions should only be functional at this stage and identify the triggers and data that must be transferred into and out of the sub-system and the behaviour of that interface. Formal reviews will be conducted with the Client upon the completion of the Design Requirements Specification, the System Design and the sub-system product specifications. 13.8.1 Preliminary Design (Design Phase I) The Preliminary Design phase takes the product specifications produced for sub-system and evolves the design to an intermediate level of hardware, software and test design. This phase will provide:  definition of each hardware item in the system and the associated test plan  definition of each software item in the system and the associated test plan  development of a preliminary test plan for system commissioning and acceptance  modelling, simulation and prototyping of various design approaches and solutions to rapidly demonstrate a suitable solution This phase is completed with a Preliminary Design review, which for the purposes of the base line delivery project could be combined with the Detailed Design Review. 13.8.2 Detailed Design (Design Phase II) The detailed design produces the implementation design of each hardware and software component in the system. This results in the production of build-to drawings and coding specifications. It provides the final design and test plans for each item. It identifies the test harnesses that need to be developed to support unit test, and to support system integration, through to final commissioning and acceptance. This phase is completed with a Detailed Design Review. 13.8.3 User Interface Design Smart’s user interface design methodology exists within this design framework, but has a significant emphasis on design iteration and interaction with the end users of the system. This design emphasis is essential to the success of the system as it is through the user interface and reports of the system, that system effectiveness is determined. Often, focusing on the user interface of the system identifies additional operational requirements. Therefore Smart will work with the Client to define the user interfaces and reports to ensure that the interfaces have a consistent “look and feel”, are intuitive to the instructor operators, and facilitate effective use of the system to train and develop the skills of the trainees. 13.8.4 Code and Implementation The coding phase of Smart’s methodology is defined by the Coding Standard Work Instruction in Smart’s Quality system. 13.8.5 Manufacture Purchase orders or sub-contracts are raised against suppliers for the manufacture of items in accordance with drawings produced during the detailed design phase. Receipt of the manufactured items may require assembly into hardware sub-systems. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 102 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 13.8.6 Inspection & Test of Standard Items Standard commercial items will be identified and ordered as part of the design phase for the the Client Training Simulators. These items will be ordered from commercial parts lists using Smart’s Purchasing Materials, Equipment & Services procedure. Upon delivery of the ordered components, the components will be checked against the purchase order and the condition of the items verified in accordance with the procedure. No formal inspection or test plans are required for standard commercial items. Developed or Modified Software Units During the preliminary and detailed design of custom or modified software units, the unit tests will be planned and developed. These unit tests will be executed informally, by the software developer, at the completion of the coding phase in accordance with the Software Testing Procedure. The results of these tests will be recorded in the software development folder. A brief test report will be prepared at the completion of the unit test. Developed or Modified Hardware Units During the detailed design phase of the custom or modified hardware units, unit tests will be planned and developed. These unit tests will be executed informally by the hardware developer. The initial set of unit tests will be performed on the prototype. Any non- compliance found during the prototype testing will result in the detailed design being updated and a first article unit being produced. Upon successful completion of the unit tests against the first article, the remaining quantity of hardware units will be manufactured. These unit tests will be performed in accordance with the acceptance testing and product release procedure. The results of these tests will be recorded in the hardware design folder. A brief test report will be prepared at the completion of the prototype and first article tests. 13.8.7 Sub-system Integration Upon successful completion of all the software and hardware units for a sub-system, the integration commences. The integration testing is an informal process, focussing on integrating each of the units incrementally and validating the behaviour and integrity of the sub-system. Integration plans will be prepared during the design phase of the sub-system. These plans will briefly describe the process and checks to integrate the units into the sub-system. Once the sub-system integration is complete, sub- system inspection and test is ready to commence. The responsibility for the integration testing of the sub-system rests with the sub-system team leader. 13.9 Risk management A Risk Management Group (RMG) will be established to assist the Project Manager in assessing and monitoring project risks. It will consist of the Project Manager (chair), the Design Authority and team leaders. A Risk Register database (RR) will be established and maintained by the Project Manager to record risks and progress towards abatement. Once entered into the risk register, a risk will remain throughout the program. Its status will change depending on mitigation actions but it will remain, and be reviewed periodically by the RMG. Responsibility rests with each member of the project team to pro-actively identify, isolate, and manage risks. Two primary classifications, in broad terms, of risk exist within the simulator. The first is system level risks. These risks relate to the integration of each of the components. Inherent risk is always present within integration as different sub-systems need to communicate and perform cohesively. The Design Authority will have primary responsibility for the management and mitigation of these system level risks. The second broad classification of risks is sub-system risks. These risks will be identified by the sub- system team and will primarily relate to the ability of the sub-system to meet its product specification and performance budgets. The sub-system team leader will be responsible for mitigating the risk within the sub-system. However, the Design Authority will also have a role in determining if performance can SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 103 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description be reduced in one sub-system but easily made up for in another sub-system so as the overall system performance is adequately achieved. Each risk in the RR will be assigned attributes by the RMG describing its probability of occurrence, severity in terms of potential cost impact, and a category (for example, technical, schedule, supportability, quality). The RMG will allocate risks to the design authority for analysis and abatement planning. The design authority will prepare a risk abatement strategy for each assigned risk and submit it to the RMG for review. Regular RMG meetings will be held to monitor the status of mitigation strategies and re-assess the status of risks. There will be a schedule maintained of the risks to be reviewed at each RMG session. The Project Manager will maintain and modify the schedule according to the status of risk mitigation strategies and the disposition of each risk. Team leaders and the design authority will provide weekly reports the Project Manager describing progress against statements of work (SOW). SOWs link directly to the schedule and work breakdown structure. In addition to explicitly identified risks, reports will trigger creation of a program risk in the event that reported progress fails criteria defined in the SOW. That will require the responsible engineer to develop an abatement plan and will elevate the issue to the attention of the RMG. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 104 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 14 PROJECT INPUT REQUIREMENTS 14.1 Input sources and responsibilities A simulator development requires the collection, collation and incorporation of a wide range of data, specifications, knowledge, parts and equipment derived from exclusive sources. We rely on the timely cooperation of all sources to be able to provide a simulator on-time with the required fidelity levels. Depending on the structure of a procurement and delivery project, the customer may require other suppliers or departments to supply inputs due to it under other contracts. We generally cannot source these inputs without the full cooperation of the customer and permission from the relevant suppliers. The customer must be clear about their rights to inputs that may need to be requested from operators, manufacturers and other suppliers. Typical input categories are: Input Typical Source Responsibility Cost driver Training needs and Training Customer This drives the level of effort fidelity requirements organisation required in design and sourcing of input data required for the final agreed specification Locomotive inputs Train Customer Cost and availability of cabin/train Manufacturer or parts, schematics and other data Train Operator required to simulate train functions to the required fidelity level. Rolling Stock inputs Train Operator Customer Cost and effort to simulate other & permissions wagons and rolling stock to the required fidelity level. Track & Signal Train or Track Customer Cost and effort to collect and inputs & Operator collate track and signalling data to permissions replicate network operation to the required fidelity level. Safety & Third-party Train or Track Customer Cost and effort to replicate the technology & Operator or operation of safety systems and permissions Supplier replicate MMI software to the required fidelity level. Subject-matter Train Operator Customer Cost and time required to replicate Experts specific operations where specific expertise is required to understand how it works and to gain approval for designs and tests. Project personnel Customer Customer Cost and time to coordinate these inputs and other activities required to execute the simulator development, delivery and operation. Approvals Operator Customer Cost and time to gain access to facilities, track and buildings subject to approvals as well as deliver facilities that may require approval by local authorities. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 105 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 14.2 Training Needs The specification of a simulator training facility is primarily guided by the training needs of the customer for operation of their business. A statement or analysis of Training Needs is a required input to the simulator design and includes the following key information, at a minimum: 1. A clear list and description of all Unusual Occurrences that are intended to be trained on the simulators. This should take the form of a planned sequence of events and the resulting actions expected of the trainee. 2. A clear list of Cabin controls and Train Malfunctions required to be included and their required fidelity level. A train malfunction may be specified as to whether it is: a) Functional – modelled as part of the Train functions in the simulator, or otherwise visible for informational purposes in the virtual train, but not affecting operation. b) Operational – able to be manipulated by the trainee, otherwise it may be visible in different states for information and troubleshooting. c) Physical – requiring the actual train equipment or a replica to be effective, all others will be replicated in virtual form only. This information will be finalised during the Design process and is subject to a Design Freeze at the final approval of the Design. Subsequent changes may be added to the project as a variation and either added as a later update or require a change to the project schedule. 14.3 Operator Inputs 14.3.1 Train Components For high-fidelity simulation, many original train components are supplied and modified for use in the simulator, with some kept aside as spare parts. Where the actual component is not to be used, or not available, a replica may be fabricated from a loan item, detailed instructions, drawings, photographs and manuals for its operation. A full list of cabin parts to be used or replicated should be agreed, and their supply arranged with the relevant stores or suppliers within the project schedule. 14.3.2 Train Systems Data Key data required are (not exhaustive and as applicable): a) Drawings including the physical configuration of bogies and collectors b) Branding, paint schemes and messaging required for the interior and exterior of trains to be replicated. c) Train electrical and pneumatic schematics d) Power-train & transmission data e) Control Logic and interlock diagrams f) Train characteristics such as maximum speed, mass, acceleration, tractive forces & armature currents. g) Device graphics such as photographs, icons, fonts and messages for devices to be replicated in the fault-finding station h) Functional descriptions and documentation for all required train functions & devices, including; a) Safety systems with signalling and automatic control, including MMI b) Train MMI for management and other operations to be simulated c) CCTV systems required for the train – Passenger, Platform etc.. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 106 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description d) Passenger information systems e) Public address systems and communications f) Radio systems including full manuals for operation 1. 14.3.3 Train Performance Data To model the dynamic performance of trains the following data are required (not exhaustive and as applicable): 1. Acceleration or Tractive effort for each position of power handles 2. Deceleration or Braking force for each position of brake controllers 3. Engine/drive configuration for each 4. Static brake cylinder pressures for each brake demand or each passenger loading 5. Compressor pressures and reservoir charging times 6. Parking brake response and force to apply. 7. Pneumatic response times for typical circuits (brakes, compressor cycles, loading times, brake venting in service & emergency operation) 8. Acceleration/stopping distances 9. Pneumatic braking efforts vs. speed graphs 10. Transmission torque vs speed graphics in acceleration & deceleration 11. Coupling/uncoupling systems 12. Passenger loading for all levels 14.3.4 Train Management Software Modern trains are increasingly complex systems operating to a high level of safety and redundancy. Much of this is managed in software coded to SIL standards – often the proprietary property of the Train Manufacturer or Third-Party system supplier. These systems generally must be replicated in a simpler from video, documents and observation. To simulate these systems the following data are required (not exhaustive and as applicable): 1. Manuals and documents/specifications that describe the functions 2. Screen designs, templates and specifications 3. Design features – icons, logos and photographs 4. Design and specification documents describing the logic of the required functions 5. Language conversion files and script specifications In some cases, it may be possible to interface directly with a device if it has a software simulation mode. Where supplier’s code development tools are available it may shorten the development process to re-use design documentation, tools and data files. 14.3.5 Operating Manuals & Documentation The following manuals should be made available, at a minimum: 1. Maintenance manuals 2. Driver operating manuals 3. Fault-finding manuals SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 107 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 14.3.6 Access for measurement and recording The supplier and /or their representatives will require access to the relevant locomotives and other rolling stock to be able to survey measurements, collect photographs and video of equipment in operation, and to record procedures, sounds and consequences of required malfunctions and other train operations. 14.4 Track Inputs The input data requirements for track data is dependent on the training needs and planned fidelity level. Where track is not expected to replicate a specific route then the behaviour of signalling and traffic must still be accurate. Where a specific route is required then additional data on the location of specific features is required. To gain these we require key data files/schematics as well as access to the track to record the entirety of the selected route in detail, along with any important visual features. 14.4.1 Track Data Track layouts will be optimised for use in a simulator to meet training objectives and will deviate by a percentage from the actual. Such deviation is to allow smooth operation of the simulator and should not be noticeable by the trainee in a training situation. To simulate these a general or specific route the following data are required (not exhaustive and where applicable): 1. Track network schematics and scale plans 2. Curvature and gradient data, in standard formats 3. Points location and design 4. Station positions, types, platform designs, stopping points 5. CCTV locations, viewpoint and antennas 6. Position and dimensions of track-side signage and features (roads, bridges, tunnels) 7. Safety and automatic control equipment 8. All signals and signage. 14.4.2 Track Access We normally require access for several engineers to the operating cabins and railways for enough time to fully record the route in high quality, survey the cabins and record the operation of the various train systems in key situations. This typically requires track access over 2 days’ minimum per route. The final requirements will be agreed during the Data Collection process. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 108 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 15 DEVELOPMENT PROCESS 15.1 Product & Process Structure We follow a clear process with all of our simulator development projects, with flexibility for short, rapid developments and larger, more detailed projects. The work is broadly arranged into 5 themes: 1. Facilities. The physical buildings and spaces to house simulators and other in-scope activities. 2. Hardware. The development and configuration of the Cabins, controls, IT and other equipment. 3. Software. The software to drive the simulator, split into Instructor, World, Railway and Train. 4. Services. The ancillary services performed by the teams. 5. Project. The project-specific activities led by the Project Manager. Our projects involve 6 stages: 1. Initiation. The initial needs & requirements are established, and a development contract is made with our team. 2. Design. Data is collected, and key design decisions are made and approved. 3. Manufacture. The Hardware and Software for the Simulators is manufactured, the Facilities are prepared. 4. Testing. The systems are integrated and tested using scenarios developed for the purpose. 5. Commissioning. The simulators are delivered, installed, commissioned and training is delivered. 6. Support. The simulators pass into operational use, with warranty and extended support from our team. Each work theme is progressed during the project stages, both through reviews conducted by Management and naturally as each system and subsystem develops through understanding data, summarising in design, development of underlying systems and creation of end-products. Note: Not all work is required to be reviewed – the ultimate quality standard for a Simulator is the actual train and railway itself. For example, a Virtual Railway database may contain 30,000 objects; these are built according to the actual railway and the pass/fail on quality is self-managing. The process is summarised in the table below and shown in detail in Figure 67 on the next page Table 4. Project Products typical to most Simulator Projects Theme Initiation Design Manufacture Testing Commissioning Support Stage Manage- Contract & Design Stage Project Support Test Approvals Test Approvals ment Project Start-up Approvals Management Management Register & Needs & Support Services Design review Issue Factory Testing Site Testing Specification Services Management Current training Software data Simulator Software Training & Software Software Needs & design Software testing Scenarios Maintenance Hardwar Hardware data Simulator Integration & Shipping & Hardware e & design Hardware testing commissioning Maintenance Facility Facility Facility Facility Facilities Facilities planning preparation inspection acceptance Maintenance SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 109 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 95. Simulator Product Structure as applies to all projects SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 110 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 15.1.1 Development Product Focus Our Project method - based on the PRINCE2 methodology (2009 & updating for 2017) – helps manage complexity by focusing on Products – the actual things you are buying as part of a simulator project. The products delivered as part of a Simulator project are universal – they are the same for most projects. Some elements, such as VR (Virtual Reality) interfaces (for VR Headsets) are options, or not in scope. Others, like Simulators, can have several forms such as full cabin, procedural, PC or tablet- based simulators. The difference is mainly hardware configuration. The Project Products are shown in the table below and described specifically for this project in the following pages. Table 5. Project Products typical to most Simulator Projects Theme Development Stage Commissioning Stage Support Stage Services 5. User / Admin Training 7. Level 2/3 Support 8. Level 1 Support Software 12. Virtual World 6. Documentation 9. Software Updates 13. Virtual Railway 7. Training Scenarios 10. Backups/Disaster 14. Virtual Train Recovery 15. Instructor Software 16. Fault-Finding Software Hardware 17. Student Stations 8. Installation & 11. Hardware preventive (Simulators of any type) Commissioning Maintenance 18. Instructor Stations 19. Observer Stations Figure 96. Simulator Product structure for multiple specifications SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 111 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 15.2 Hardware Development Process The development of the Hardware for a simulator consists of a simple process; 1. Survey the train and work out what is needed to replicate the train for training purposes 2. Create CAD-designs of all elements from the data and measurement of parts issued/purchased 3. Fabricate and assemble the various parts of the simulators, instructor consoles and other equipment 4. Put it all together, integrate the electrical/electronic controls with the Software and test it. Figure 97. Simulator Hardware Development Sequence More specifically, we will apply our processes to deliver the simulators for you in the following manner (examples from past project for illustration): Table 6. Hardware (HW) Development Process elements for the project SN Process Type Description Client provisions HW- Machine Parts Data Our team will collect and a. Survey and Collect Data for all 01 & Survey Collection collate all available data on models described in Schedule 1 of the Consignee-specified train the Technical Specification. models. A detailed survey will be made of each. HW- Procurement Activity Our team will work with THE a. Procurement of parts free-issue 02 CLIENT and suppliers to from client stores or suppliers for secure train parts, selected trains fabrication of other parts, b. Procurement of all other Train major components such as parts and panels to be fabricated Motion Platforms, Vision and c. Procurement of Motion Platforms IT Hardware. d. Procurement of IT and Vision equipment locally. HW- Simulator Activity Our team will work with client a. Train Simulator Designs 03 Design experts to develop a clear individually for target locations picture of the simulators to assuming each is unique to the be manufactured. location. b. Procedural Simulators for each A 3D design of each facility class of train each capable of being will be used to clearly used to train any of the other Train communicate and agree models design decisions. c. Clear agreement on the Fidelity Matrix for each train. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 112 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description SN Process Type Description Client provisions HW- Instructor Activity Our team will propose an a. A client-approved design for 04 Station Design Instructor console optimised Instruction for use in the client’s facility. b. Universal interfaces common to all simulators allowing any instructor to operate any simulator for any location c. Specific simulator, motions and facility control functions as specified. HW- Collaboration Activity Our team will propose an a. Specific design of interactivity for 05 Design Observer station optimised the Observer stations considering for use in the client’s facility. the client’s Facility layout and training requirements. HW- Interfaces & Sub- A common audio and control a. An audio communications system 06 Audio Product system will be configured for supporting all of the modes all simulators to deliver specified. reliability and facilitate better b. Audio-immersive systems for both support. Full-cab and Procedural Simulators HW- Console / Product We will create 1-1 replicas of a. 1-1 Replica consoles and switch 07 Switchgear the Driver’s consoles and gear for all Full-cabin Train any physically required Simulators as specified by each switchgear using real or Consignee in Schedule 1 of the replica components. Technical Specification b. Replica Controls for Procedural Trainers HW- Cabin Product Our team will fabricate 1-1 a. 1-1 Replica consoles and switch 08 internal replicas of the gear for all Full-cabin Train selected Train cabins for Simulators as specified by each Full-cabin simulators. client location in the Technical External panels will provide a Specification visual similarity to the b. External panels and livery matching selected trains. the selected trains for each consignee with allowances for Vision and Motion system requirements. HW- Vision Product Our team will provide a a. Full-cabin front, side and rear- 09 visually immersive window views matching the layout environment in the Full cabin of the actual cabins, using LED simulators and flexible screens of resolution and size as screen arrangements in the specified or larger. Procedural Simulators b. Procedural Trainer front and side views using LED screens of resolution and size as specified or larger. HW- Motion & Product We will design, procure and a. An approved 6-dof hexapod system 10 Haptics configure 6-dof Motion from our product lines or a supplier Platforms for the Full Cabin on the bought-out list as specified Simulators and 2-dof seats for each of the Full Cabin for a selection of the Simulators. Procedural Trainers. b. An approved 2-dof motion seat system for selected Procedural Trainers. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 113 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description SN Process Type Description Client provisions HW- Simulator – Product We will deliver a Full Cabin 1- For each locations, as specified: 11 Full Cabin 1 replica simulator with a 1- a. 1 x Full-Cabin 1-1 replica simulator 1 Console and Switchgear b. 1 x 1-1 Driver Console & and 6-dof Motion Platform Switchgear replica with all supporting equipment. HW- Simulator - PC Product A PC-based simulator will be For each of X locations, as specified: 11 Workstation provided that can be used to a. PC Workstation as specified build and test new Track, b. Instructor and Simulator software Scenarios and other tasks configured for PC-operation. HW- Instructor Product Our team will deliver a a. 1 x Instructor Station for each Full- 11 Station professional, robust and cabin simulator as specified highly functional Instructor b. 1x Instructor station for each Station exceeding the classroom of Procedural Trainers specification. as specified. c. Supporting equipment as specified including UPS HW- Observer Product We will design and assemble For each of X locations, as specified: 13 Station an Observer Station c. 6 LED screens optimised for the d. Keyboard and marker keys specification e. Video switch controlled from Instructor Station and/or the Observer Station. 15.2.1 Manufacturing for multiple locations Smart and PCMS have combined their experience and capability to deliver a high level of capability in 3 simulators in a short timeframe. With a Notice To Proceed starting week 1 August 2021 we plan to have 3 simulators ready for training at the start of May 2022. Additional Options and changes may affect the delivery dates of those options, but we are able to prioritize these to support CLIENT’s business. UK Simulators are typically completed in 12-18 months with one of the main delays being sourcing of data from the customer railway to accurately model the Train and Track. For new train introductions, this is especially high risk as the Operator will not have staff with the detailed knowledge required until late in the process. Even if the train is based on previous models and simulators are available, it is typical for significant functional changes to be agreed with the train OEM that impact the ability to build the same functionality in the simulators. Smart’s team traditionally works with Operators who own the Rolling Stock and have full access to the rolling stock and railway data. With this environment we’ve streamlined our designs and development process to allow us to deliver a higher quality result faster. Our normal delivery cycle is around 6 months. 15.2.2 Hardware Schematics The proposed Hardware configuration for a facility with full-motion simulators is shown below. These elements are each described in more detail in the previous sections. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 114 of 163  INSTRUCTOR FULL CABIN PART TASK CONSOLE SIMULATOR SIMULATOR x2 x1 x12 TRAIN MODE 1 2 3 TRAIN MODE VISION 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 104 104 OBSERVER HD LED UHD HD LED x3 LCD STATION 104 x3 22" X5 22" H2 X1 CCTV To VISION VISION CCTV Window Size LHS FRONT RHS Observer Screens x 6 H2 IOS CORE Displays selectable from IOS/switch 4 5 6 LHS LEFT RIGHT RHS IOS CORE Commercial in Confidence 4 5 6 HD LED OTHER INTERFACES TRAIN MODE 1 2 3 HD LED x3 x3 22" 104 220V 22" UHD 220V LED x3 SMC / OCC SMC FFS SMC / OCC SMC FFS CCTV 42" CCTV DESK RJ 45 PoE FFS - TOUCH AUDIO DESK VISION VISION CCTV SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 7 7 HD HD IOS CORE Touch 4 5 6 CABIN HARDWARE Touch x1 x1 Controls UHD 19" 19" LAN/Telnet LED KEYBOARD + TABLET + KEYBOARD + TABLET + MMI - TOUCH MMI - TOUCH x3 DRIVER CONTROLS HEADSET DOCK CAN DRIVER CONTROLS HEADSET DOCK Systems 42" 220V MAIN SMC / OCC SMC FFS IP/DVI/HDMI HARDWARE В Ф SWITCH Motion 220V CONTROLLER р Controller Л П На Н Figure 98. System Hardware Schematic for client facility AUDIO з IP/DVI/HDMI AUDIO В SWITCH Фр PART TASK INSTRUCTOR Graphics 1 SIMULATOR 2 dof Motion Л PCs x 2 Graphics 2 П PCs x 2 Seat (4 only) IP/DVI/HDMI Graphics 3 Наз Н IP/DVI/HDMI SWITCH SWITCH PC/LAPTOP Graphics 4 Graphics 5 WORKSTATION Graphics 6 X1 115 of 163 SWITCH 6 dof Motion Hardware 1 Simulator 1 Platform Simulator 2 Power/UPS UPS SWITCH SWITCH NETWORK & COMMS UPLINK TO MAIN SUPPORT SWITCH WIFI Smart General Simulator Description Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 15.3 Software Development Process The development of the Software for a simulator consists of a common process for all simulators; 1. Survey the trains, manuals and talk to experts to work out what is needed to replicate the train for training purposes 2. Survey the Routes and collect enough data – schematics, data, GIS and video to replicate them 3. Develop the component software Models to effectively replicate each train and railway route 4. Put it all together using the Instructor software and develop Scenarios to test 5. Integrate the electrical/electronic controls with the Software and test. Figure 99. Simulator Software Development Sequence for client More specifically, we will apply our processes to deliver the simulators for the client in the following manner: Table 7. Software Process elements for the project SN Process Type Description CLIENT provisions SW- Training Data Our team will need to meet a. Provide Training Strategy guidance 01 Needs Collection with the Client’s training regarding planned use of the specialists and collect any simulators relevant training and planning b. Collate Training Plans, Manuals, documents. Maps, Drawings, CBT, Presentations and other materials that would assist in creating useful simulators. SW- World Data Data Our team will collect and a. Survey and Collect Data for the 02 Collection Collection collate all available data on geography, topology, railway layouts the client-specified train for the client-specified Routes models. A detailed survey will described in the Technical be made of each. Specification. SW- Machine Data Our team will collect and a. Survey and Collect Data for all train 03 Data Collection collate all available data on models described in the Technical Collection the client-specified train Specification. models. A detailed survey will b. Survey and Collect Data for the be made of each. signalling schema and railway operations for the Consignee- specified Routes described in the Technical Specification. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 116 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description SN Process Type Description CLIENT provisions SW- Virtual World Activity We will agree a list of key We will replicate each Route as Specified 04 Description features required for the to be an effective replica of the actual replication of the Routes; as Route. We will confirm with each client: long as we have the data we a. The extents of each Route need, we will take care of the b. Key Unusual Occurrences to be rest. included, new ones to be created c. Items to be excluded SW- Virtual Train Activity We will agree the list of We will replicate each Train as Specified 05 Description control functions to be to be an effective replica of the actual included as well as the list of train. We will confirm with each faults and other key train Consignee: operational processes, for a. The list of faults and procedures other details, we will take required care of them provided we b. Key Train-related Unusual have the data we need. Occurrences to be included, new ones to be created c. Items to be excluded SW- Instructor Activity Our designers will propose a All functions will be provided as specified 06 Software functional and interface Description design that builds on our current Instructor Software to meet all requirements. SW- World Model Sub- A 3D dataset will be prepared a. A 3D database for each Route 07 product with all required objects, 2. occurrences and features. SW- Network / Sub- A software model that a. A network and signalling model for 08 Control product replicates the railway each route to allow automatic train Model operation, signalling and operation and driver scoring interlockings. SW- Train Model Sub- A series of software models All functions will be provided as specified 09 product that replicate the functions of each train, as well as the 3D models and other imagery required for touchscreen controls. SW- Instruction Sub- a. A common Instructor interface for the 10 Tools product client so that all users can move between simulators/locations easily. b. Client-specific functions as specified. SW- Virtual World Product The 3D Dataset is processed a. A Virtual World Database built for 11 by the Unigine 2.0 engine and each Consignee as specified the resulting Virtual World is b. Portability to run the Virtual World on tuned and optimised for real- any client simulator time performance SW- Virtual Product The Virtual Railway model a. Virtual Railway controls and 12 Railway links the Virtual World and interfaces to allow generation & Virtual Trains and is managed management of automated trains. through the Instructor Software. SW- Virtual Train Product The Virtual Train replicates a. A full train simulation of the model 13 the behaviour of the Train in specified by each client, available to the Driver’s cab and Virtual all clients and operable on any World and replicates all of the Simulator, Workstation or Console. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 117 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description SN Process Type Description CLIENT provisions interfaces the Driver and Instructor need. SW- Instructor Product An integrated Instruction As specified by the client and agreed with 14 Software interface that can run on any the design team including: Instructor console or PC a. A common interface for building and Workstation managing simulator scenarios b. Special reporting functions required by the client c. Facility management functions required for all Facilities SW- VR Interface Product A VR/AR headset and Not included for this specification 15 gesture-based interface for Fault Finding Software and VR-specific Training Scenarios SW- Fault-Finding Product A screen-based interface for a. Fault-Finding software built into each 16 Software operation and trouble- Simulator, Console and Workstation shooting of the train’s b. Operated by touch-screen and/or systems mouse/keyboard c. Control-repeat screens built into the instructor consoles and Procedural Simulators to allow touchscreen replication of train controls and MMI SW- Control Product A screen-based interface Not included for this specification 17 Room emulation of the Client’s Interface Traffic Control systems. SW- Test Sub- A set of testing scenarios a. One agreed set for all simulators 18 Scenarios product agreed with the client that approved with the client. can be used to test and b. Updates for certain location-specific approved the function of functions as agreed. each Simulator and c. Usable for User and Administrator component before delivery Training 15.4 Development of large Virtual Worlds The requirement for the client is to develop X moderately large Virtual Worlds for the facilities in total. For many teams, this volume of track production would be very challenging, especially to supply our level of quality. Our team uses a core team of developers and an advanced World Builder suite of tools to rapidly generate large track databases automatically from data. This World Builder has been developed for us with the help of Unigine, ensuring a deep integration and optimisation for the Unigine platform. It has been a major investment and is continuing, with the help of some EU funding. Our 3D development team flexes to meet large demands, we can have as many as 80 designers working to model ALL objects along a long route, say 150 km. As a result, we get large projects done in a matter of months. With the client’s requirement, our current team will be able to handle the load. In addition, we will invest in optimising our tools for your national railways and work with our local partners to build local content-development expertise. Given the complexity of the Virtual Worlds we deliver, and the greater level of detail, it should be noted that the task of developing a full Route will be typically completed post-FAT and pre-SAT. For very large Routes, a series of Updates will be planned post-SAT to ensure necessary objects and details are added without delaying the use of the simulators for training. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 118 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 15.5 Facility Development Process The development of the Facility for each location will be managed with the client and our local partners and Builders to ensure a quality result; 1. We will review the designs and get input from the client, our Builders and local regulators. 2. Create CAD-designs of the facilities with our Builders to establish an agreed design for client approval 3. Manage the construction process and plan our simulator deliveries optimally to take account of progress/challenges in each building project. 4. Regularly inspect progress and conduct a final inspection/acceptance before delivery of the Simulators. Figure 100. Simulator Facility Development Sequence More specifically, we will apply our processes to deliver the facilities for the client in the following manner (example for illustration only): Table 8. Facility Development Process elements for the project SN Process Type Description CLIENT provisions 1 Facility Data Our team will review the a. Design as proposed Layout and Collection Building requirements and b. Local Building regulation Constraints inputs from stakeholders c. Recommendations from our Builders. 2 Facility Activity An optimised Design will be a. One design for all Simulator facilities Design submitted as specified for to be constructed by our Builder. approval. 3 Facility Product The Facility will be finished One Facility per location will be completed Preparation and prepared for Simulator as specified, including: installation and a. Building commissioning on a per- b. Electricals Consignee basis. In the event c. Aircon of a delay on one site, the d. DG Set Installation plan and e. UPS sequence may be adjusted to f. Communications allow for later/earlier installation. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 119 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 15.6 Testing, Commissioning & Training The Testing and Commissioning of our Simulators covers the 2 stages in our process, we combined them here as they are closely linked: 1. Simulator Hardware and Software is integrated and tested using Test Scenarios 2. Once enough functionality is ready, the FAT test is conducted, and the Simulator Hardware is approved for Shipping 3. Once the Simulators have been installed and commissioned, a set of Training Scenarios are provided to support Training and SAT testing. 4. Documentation is provided, and Administrator and User Training is conducted, in class and using the Simulators 5. SAT Testing can be conducted before/after/during Training to approve the delivery of the Simulators and supporting materials. Figure 101. Simulator Test & Commissioning Sequence More specifically, we will apply our processes to deliver the simulators for the client in the following manner (examples for illustration only): SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 120 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Table 9. Testing and Commissioning Process elements for the project SN Process Type Description Client provisions HW- Integration Sub- The Simulator hardware and Internal task 14 Testing Product Software are put together and tested using the Instructor Software. SW- Test Scenarios Sub- A set of Scenarios containing These will be configured according to a 18 Product the elements that are Test Plan. expected to be ready for FAT are created and tested. SE- FAT Testing Activity This activity tests a pre- a. A detailed Hardware FAT is 12 defined list of Simulator conducted for each first-of-type Train Functions that are expected Simulator to ensure all major to be completed at this functions ready. stage. Some non-essential b. Subsequent ‘copies’ will have a track and train content will reduced testing requirement and, on be reserved for testing at agreement, may be tested and SAT. certified for shipping by our team. c. Some ‘Content’ testing will be conducted by client engineers in their country using prepared PCs and Consoles provided by us that will later be included in the Facility. This is particularly useful for Train Fault testing and Route checking. HW- Shipping Activity Equipment is shipped 15 directly to Consignee site. HW- Installation & Product Our international and local a. Installation and commissioning per 16 Commissioning teams work together to Specification coordinate delivery and commission the simulators SW- Training Product A set of Training Scenarios is a. Client Training Scenarios built on a 19 Scenarios developed with the client shared library of standard scenarios. experts to provide a suitable set for training Users and Administrators. SW- Documentation Product Documentation is provided a. Documentation as specified 20 to support Training and additionally to support Handover-to Support SW- User / Admin Product Training is provided on a per- a. Training as specified 18 Training site basis or centrally as specified. SE- SAT Testing Activity Our team and the client’s a. Each first-of-type Simulator will have 13 team will conduct a set of a more detailed testing plan.. planned tests to b. Where minor ‘content’ changes are demonstrate the simulators required, the SAT may still be function as required. approved subject to completion of a Elements that have already ‘snag list’ within a reasonable been verified in previously timeframe. This is often necessary installations will be excluded, due to differences in the real railway but still subject to Warranty. vs the data provided. Generally, the data provided by the client takes precedence except where it can be SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 121 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description SN Process Type Description Client provisions shown that failure to update the content may result in negative training outcomes. 15.7 Development & Manufacturing Capability We operate a development and manufacturing capability in the EU to give us access to a very high skill level in Railway and Simulation technology. For the scope and specification of this project, our team in Europe and locally already has the capacity to the client’s specification. Our Manufacturing organisation is organised under 4 experts: 1. The COO is also in charge of Production and Quality and leads the development of overall Simulator Product. 2. The Supervisor of the Electrical/Electronic team develop highly robust electronic systems 3. The Supervisor Engineer / Constructor leads a very experienced team in building the 1-1 replica cabins and consoles as well as designing and building our own Motion Platforms 4. The Supervising Software Architect leads our core Software Team which in turn manage our larger 3D CGI Development teams Figure 102 Development and Manufacturing Organisation Structure COO / Production & Software Director Supervisor - Supervisor - Senior Supervisor Production & Electronic Engineer Software Quality Department Constructor Architect Electronic Senior E- Brake Systems Engineer Engineer Senior Engineer / Learning Engineer Constructor Constructor Designer Electrician Designer Electronic Senior Railway Supervisor Senior CGI Senior Engineer / Technician Technician Designer Programmer Electrician Electronic Technician Technician CGI CGI Animator Programmer Engineer / Programmer Programmer Electrician Technician Technician Programmer CGI Designer CGI Designer Technician CGI Designer CGI Designer Technician CGI Designer CGI Designer CGI Designer CGI Designer CGI Designer CGI Designer SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 122 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 15.7.1 Smart Management Team Experience To demonstrate the experience of our management and Leadership team, we have summarised their qualifications and experience below. CVs for the key R&D leaders are available in the R&D section. Table 10. Our Management Team's main qualifications & experience SN. Designation Name Qualification Experience 1. Director and CEO Alexander Levcuk Bachelor of Management and 15 years in Business Administration Management and Product Development 3. International Paul Williamson Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering 20 years (7 years in Development Director Master of Business Administration Railway Projects, 15 years Engineering Systems Engineer in Simulation) PM2/PRINCE2 Project Manager 5. Supervisor Joseph Artsimovich Engineer-programmer, Master’s 20 Years (5 years in Software Architect degree in Computer Sciences software for simulators) Senior developer 6. Senior Programmer Bannykh Nikolay Bachelor of Science Railway Wagons 23 Years. (for 10 years (Supervisor) Senior Programmer made parts for Railway Simulators) 7. Senior Designer Korneyev Aleksey Master degree -physics and computer 17 Years (9 years in CGI (Supervisor) Viktorovich sciences for Railway simulators) Senior CGI Designer 8. Senior Engineer Nemirovsky Evgeniy Bachelor of Railway engineering. 23 Years (last 15 years in Constructor Vladimirovich Senior Engineer Constructor SIM development) (Supervisor) 9. Supervisor Electronic Bulgannykh Evgeny Bachelor of Metallurgical Science and 10 Years (last 8 years Department Andreevich Education working with SIM Engineer Constructor development ) 10. Supervisor Production Svalov Andrey Bachelor of Science, Electric transport 24 Years (last 13 years and Quality Vladimirovich / Locomotives working with SIM Brake systems engineer development) SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 123 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 15.7.2 Development Team Experience Our core development team brings a high level of experience in building simulators, not just for us. Together, the principals of this team have collaborated on over 300 simulators over the years. 90% of these have been Railway Simulators. Table 11. Our Software Development Team's experience SN Engineer Name Qualification Experience Engineer-programmer, Master degree 20 Years (5 years making software 2. Joseph Artsimovich in Computer Sciences, Senior for simulators) developer 3. Paul Williamson Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering, 20 years (15 years in Simulation Master of Business Administration, Software product development – Engineering Systems Engineer – Rail, Medical, Military projects) Software Programmer / Architect Bachelor of Science in Mathematics 24 Years, (last 13 years working 4. Avdonkina Vera Georgiyevna Senior E-Learning software Designer with SIM development) Bachelor of Mathematics 5. Morozov Dmitry Alekseevich 3 Years Programmer Master degree -physics and computer 17 Years (9 years made CGI for 6. Korneyev Aleksey Viktorovich sciences , Senior CGI Designer Railway simulators) Bachelor of Mathematics 2 Years programming for Rail 7. Evgeny Igorevich Dyakov Programmer, Junior Programmer Simulators Bachelor of Science Railway Wagons 23 Years. (10 years making parts 8. Baths Nicholas Senior Programmer for Railway simulators) Engineer-programmer, Master’s 25 Years (5 years making software 9. Andrey Kravtsov degree in Computer Sciences for simulators) Table 12. Our Hardware Development Team's experience SN Engineer Name Qualification Experience Bachelor of Science, Electric transport 25 Years (last 14 years working 1. Andrey V. Svalov / Locomotives, Brake systems with SIM development) engineer Bulgannykh Evgeny Bachelor of Metallurgical Science and 11 Years (last 9 years working with 2. Andreevich Education , Engineer Constructor SIM development ) Bachelor of Railway engineering. 24 Years, (last 16 years working 3. Nemirovsky, Eugene V. Senior Engineer Constructor with SIM development) Supervisor Locksmith Burundukov Sergey 30 Years (12 years made parts for 4. Specialized Vocational Railway Alexandrovich railway simulators) Locksmith Ahmetshin Evgeniy Specialized Vocational. 5. 11 Years Valentinovich Locksmith Specialized Vocational. 16 Years (1.5 years making parts 6. Zaitsev Konstantin Sergeevich Locksmith for railway simulators) Specialized Vocational Railway 24 Years (14 years making parts 7. Kalugin Alexey Leonidovich Locksmith for Railway simulators) Specialized Vocational Railway 25 Years (13 years making parts 8. Nemtin Oleg Aleksandrovich Locksmith for Railway simulators) Specialized Vocational Locksmith- 41 Years (14 years making parts 9. Valery Mayorov Turning for simulators) Bachelor of Zhenikhi Konstantin 11 Years (1 years making parts for 10. Civil Engineer Ivanovich simulators) Locksmith Electrician SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 124 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 125 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 16 FACILITIES, POWER & BACKUP The preparation of the Simulation Facility is typically the responsibility of the customer, though this may be contracted through us depending on the customer specification. The requirement for facilities depends on the simulation configuration planned and should be clearly planned, designed and agreed well in advance of commencing development of a simulator. 16.1 Facility Requirements Design We will review the plans for the Facilities and provide the customer with a clear specification to allow them to prepare the building to the required level. The specification should include: • Building Layout • Safety & Access requirements • Simulator/Class room layouts • Ventilation & Air-conditioning • Power distribution requirements • EMC protection • Cabling for power • Telephone & LAN • Cable trays • Floor Loadings 16.2 Facilities Schedule The facility should be finalised to a reasonable standard before simulation delivery and commissioning can be started. The minimum requirements are, for the areas where simulators are to be installed: 1. Walls and floors should be finished and free of dust and dirt. Painting should be completed. 2. Power fittings and lights should be installed or can be fitted without generating dust, dirt or preventing installation work. 3. Carpets and fixtures should be in place such that equipment can be placed and installed without having to be moved later. 4. Power and power generation should be installed and operational 5. Internet and telephones should be operational, or temporary 3G of reasonable standard should be provided. We will perform a formal Site Inspection up to 1 month before delivery and notify the customer if any works need further completion before installation. 16.3 Space Requirements The following space requirements are provided for each major simulator component. This will be subject to the customer’s specification but the envelopes described here are typical. Table 13. Simulator Space Requirements Equipment Description of space required Space Envelope Full Cabin (only) Equivalent to the train cabin’s external Minimum 3 x 3m and 2.6 m high dimensions plus some clearance for PLUS clearance for access. access between the cabin and walls. Full Cabin with Motion This requires a larger room, with higher Roof typically 5-6m high without a roof or pit to allow for the Motion system pit. and safe movement, Driver’s Console (only) Same size as the Driver’s desk with room Minimum 2 x 2 m plus access. for access all around for maintenance Computer Rack for Main Typically, one full-height rack requiring 1 m wide x 3 m deep for access Simulator front and rear access for cables and service SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 126 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Equipment Description of space required Space Envelope Instructor Station Size of one office desk, with 3-6 screens 3 x 3 m for easy access mounted in a grid. Part-Task Trainer As per instructor station. 3 x 3 m plus visual and sound Simulator partitioning if more than 1 in the room. Vision Systems Projection System – wide angle (Metro) 3.5 x 3.5 m with roof height 2.6 m Projection System – narrow angle (High 3 x 3 m with roof height 2.6 m Speed, Freight) Flat or Curved Screens Generally, no extra space but may need extra 1m on a console-only to allow comfortable distance to the screen 16.4 Floor Loading Simulators can be heavy, and if they are moving at speed on a Motion platform they can deliver very high loads on a facility floor. Much of the weight comes from the use of real train parts in the cabins and consoles. For this reason, final weights should be determined during the Design process and included in the Facility Specification. We have provided typical values in the table below for a general guide. Table 14. Simulator Floor Loading Requirements Equipment Description of equipment Floor Loading Full Cabin (only) One steel/aluminium/plastic 1000 – 2500 kg depending on weight fabricated 3 x 3 x 2.6 m structure with of real train equipment. real train panels inside. Can be heavier if more train framework/external panels are used. Full Cabin with Motion This delivers a dynamic load to the For 6 axis the floor frame is mounted to floor and is different for 3-6 axis the facility floor by means of twelve M20 systems and the weight of the payload. Hilti chemical anchors: floor rating 2000 kg/m² minimum thickness of concrete floor 270 mm concrete quality C20/25A or higher Driver’s Console (only) Typically constructed from real train 300-500kg over 4 sqm components so can be quite heavy. Computer Rack for Main One full-height rack with 4-8 250kg 1 sqm Simulator computers, disk storage and UPS. Instructor Station Size of one office desk, with 3-6 Normal Office screens mounted in a grid. Part-Task Trainer As per instructor station. Normal Office Simulator SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 127 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 16.5 Access (Doors & Stairs) The Facility plan must consider the need to deliver simulator equipment and IT equipment to the planned locations. Failure to include reasonable access to the location may result in delays or additional cost if equipment must be dismaCliented or redesigned to access limited spaces. Key requirements are: 1. Level floor or ramp access to all levels of the facility to allow trolleys and pallet-jacks for carrying heavy equipment. 2. Doors/wall openings of sufficient size to allow delivery of the Full Cab simulators and/or Driver consoles and Motion Platform as assembled, tested and approved at the Factory Acceptance Test. Screen walls may be installed after a successful SAT and payment for Delivery. 3. Roof cavity and cable-run access for installation, maintenance and replacement of cabling over the life of the simulators. 16.6 Power & UPS The typical power-loads of simulator equipment are given below, along with recommended UPS power to allow completion of an exercise and controlled shut-down of the system within 30 minutes. When used in conjunction with a Generator it is initially assumed that the 30-minute shut-down will still occur to allow the Generator to come up to power in the event of a power supply failure. A continuous cut-over may be specified and designed as part of the Facility plan but this should not be assumed. Table 15. Simulator Power & UPS Requirements Equipment Typical Power Surge Power UPS Requirement Requirement Requirement Full Cabin Simulator 1-2.5 KW 5 KW Dedicated Built-in UPS 500-1000 VA or run off Motion UPS Full Cabin with Motion 10 KW 15 KW Dedicated UPS (3 Phase AC) 10KW to allow 30 minutes for safe shut-down Driver’s Console (only) 1-2.5 KW 5 KW Dedicated Built-in UPS 500-1000 VA Computer Rack for Main One full-height rack 5 KW Rack-mountable UPS Simulator with 4-8 computers, totalling 5-10 kVA disk storage Instructor Station Normal office load 5 KW Dedicated Built-in UPS 500-1000 VA each Part-Task Trainer Simulator Normal office load 5 KW Dedicated Built-in UPS 500-1000 VA each 16.7 Heating / Cooling Heat is a key factor in the life of computer equipment and electronics and our equipment is designed to operate at normal office temperatures (18-20 degrees C). All components run their own cooling and fans and expel heat to the room to be removed by the building’s air-conditioning. Where dedicated cooling is required, this should be specified and included in the Facility design. The typical heat-loads of simulator equipment are given below: SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 128 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Table 16. Simulator Heating and Cooling Requirements Equipment Typical Power Requirement Peak Heat per hour Full Cabin Simulator 1-2.5 KW 5 KW Full Cabin with Motion 10 KW 10 KW Driver’s Console (only) 1-2.5 KW 5 KW Computer Rack for Main Simulator One full-height rack with 4-8 computers, disk 5 KW storage and UPS. 2.5 KW Instructor Station Normal office load 5 KW Part-Task Trainer Simulator Normal office load 5 KW 16.8 Generators For remote locations, mobile simulators and or locations with unreliable power supply, generators may be required to allow continuous operation. Generator equipment needs to be of sufficient capacity to meet the power requirements of the equipment installed as well as air-conditioning to remove heat as well as essential ancillary services such as lights. Office power and telephones. This needs to be planned in the Facility design so that it is clear what services are operable under generator power and which are not. In addition, generators should be: • Located at a safe distance from the operating facility for the safe use of diesel or other fuels and be compliant with the relevant fire regulations • Suitably insulated for sound such that the noise of a working generator does not affect training operations. • Suitably ventilated such that fumes and exhaust do not affect the safety of maintenance, instructor or students. • Power-conditioned such that power spikes and noise are isolated from the IT equipment – avoiding damage to computers and other devices. Typically, a 125 KVA silent-type diesel generator is appropriate for use, depending on final power-load required SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 129 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 16.9 Internet & Telephony SMART-line simulators are typically designed to operate without requiring access to the internet or telephone systems on a day-to-day basis. Reliable communications are required for continuous monitoring and maintenance activities and so are an essential part of Warranty and Annual Maintenance plans. The following facilities are required as part of normal operations under warranty: • Permanent and dedicated Internet connection with fixed IP address. • Secure network isolation for the simulator network with air-gap or approved VPN. • Telephone line with International access for voice communication with support engineers. This is a backup system as the engineers will normally use VOIP/Skype for international communications. • Broadband capacity and speed to transfer 50GB in 4 hours • Broadband latency equivalent under 100ms. Our offices are located worldwide, so distance can add 100-300ms which can hamper communications. Satellite broadband is not suitable due to bandwidth restrictions and ping round-trips of 700ms+ For sites under development it may be planned to place a development simulator on-site as part of the Design and Testing phases. For this, a temporary internet connection may be used if the final simulation facility is not planned to be ready. 16.10 Planning Approvals Planning and local Authority Approvals are normally the responsibility of the Customer and we will be very limited in its ability to manage these deliverables. As such, these should be finalised well before installation can begin and may cause unavoidable delay in the project if the lack of any approval prevents delivery of the simulation to schedule 16.11 Transportable Facilities We can install simulator facilities in many transportable forms including: • Converted Shipping Containers • Exhibition Trailers • Transportable Offices (these are usually more permanent) Each option will be specifically designed to contain the simulator facilities required and make them usable for training. All other considerations for Facilities still apply, though we will need to design in additional shock-absorption and anchoring for sensitive equipment during travel or relocation SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 130 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 17 SAMPLE QUALITY & TEST PLAN 17.1 Internal Inspection & Test Process During the requirements analysis phase of the Simulator Project, Sub-system specifications will be developed. The analysis of the system level requirements will result in contract requirements being allocated directly to sub-systems, as well as the identification of additional sub-system requirements and interface requirements. Each sub-system will then be assigned to a team leader within Smart as defined in the Project Management Plan. The Preliminary Design (or design phase ) will then separate the sub-systems into: • software units to be developed or modified; • software units to be purchased as standard commercial items; • hardware units to be developed or modified; and/or • hardware units to be purchased as standard commercial items. The inspection and testing philosophy used by Smart in its standard procedures ensures the compliance of each sub-system and/or unit prior to proceeding to the next stage. This ensures the on- going monitoring of the quality of the product, as well as ensuring the compliance of the system and its components. The entire inspection and test regime is designed to ensure the optimum amount of testing to increase the confidence in the product prior to commencing the next phase of testing. Inspection and Testing is performed on each of the units. The “unit” or “component” testing is an informal process of “white box” testing. This testing is designed to exercise all unit functionality that would be near impossible to perform in totality at sub-system and system testing. Once the integrity and compliance of each of the units is ascertained, each sub-system is integrated and then tested. At the sub-system level, the testing is informal, with the emphasis on “black box” testing ensuring compliance with the sub-system specification. Finally, the system is integrated and the system testing ensures compliance with the contract specification leading to system acceptance. Regression tests are also performed in order to ensure previously delivered requirements are verified. 17.1.1 Inspection & Test of Commercial Items Standard commercial items will be identified and ordered as part of the design phase for the Simulator Upgrade. These items will be ordered from commercial parts lists using the Smart Purchasing Materials, Equipment & Services procedure. Upon delivery of the ordered components, the components will be checked against the purchase order and the condition of the items verified in accordance with the procedure. No formal inspection or test plans are required for standard commercial items. 17.1.2 Developed or Modified Software Units During the preliminary and detailed design of developed or modified software units, the development and testing process will follow Smart standard processes. These tests are not used to verify the system against the contract requirements. These tests will not be for external witnessing. Unit test results will be retained at the developer’s discretion. The purpose of software “unit” or “component” testing is to validate the behaviour of the software “unit”, including all bounds checking, error handling and data formats. The emphasis will be depth of testing to maximise the code coverage of tests to ensure all threads of execution are tested. The software developer, at the completion of the coding, will execute these unit tests informally. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 131 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 17.1.3 Developed or Modified Hardware Units Functional / Electronics Hardware During the detailed design phase of the developed or modified hardware sub-system units, unit tests will be planned and developed. The hardware developer will execute these unit tests informally. The initial set of unit tests will be performed on the prototype. Any non-compliance found during the prototype testing will result in the detailed design being updated and a first article unit being produced. Upon successful completion of the unit tests against the first article, the remaining quantity of hardware units will be manufactured. These unit tests will be performed in accordance with the acceptance testing and product release procedure. The results of these tests will be recorded in the hardware design folder, at the hardware developer’s discretion. The purpose of unit testing is to validate the behaviour of the hardware unit, including all anomalous inputs, interface behaviour, and noise tolerance. The emphasis will be depth of testing to maximise the functional coverage of tests to ensure all hardware connections and behaviour are validated. These tests will not be used to verify the system against the contract requirements. These tests will not be formally witnessed. The records of these tests will be available for inspection by the Client as required. Structures Prototyping and unit testing are typically only used for functional hardware. There potentially may be some prototyping for parts of the simulator cab build, such as operating doors. However typically the building/assembly of the structures is when fit and function are checked and adjusted. Build is to mechanical design drawings. No specific testing is expected. Conformance to the design and specifications will be documented during formal testing. 17.1.4 Sub-system Integration Upon successful completion of all the software and hardware units for a sub-system, the integration commences. The integration testing is an informal process, focussing on integrating each of the units incrementally and validating the behaviour and integrity of the sub-system. Integration plans will be prepared during the design phase of the sub-system. These plans will briefly describe the process and checks to integrate the units into the sub-system. Once the sub-system integration is complete, sub- system inspection and test is ready to commence. The responsibility for the integration testing of the sub-system rests with the sub-system team leader. The Integration & Test Manager will review the integration plans prior to the commencement of integration. Upon the completion of the sub-system integration, the Integration & Test Manager will conduct a readiness review prior to entering the formal inspection and test of the sub-system. The readiness review will consider any outstanding known defects. Providing there are no major defects and only a small number of minor defects logged, the Integration & Test Manager will allow the Inspection & Test to commence. 17.1.5 Sub-system Inspection & Test Upon successful completion of the readiness review held at the completion of the sub-system integration (or when no sub-system integration is needed), the sub-system will be presented for inspection and test. Each sub-system inspection and test will be defined by a test plan that is reviewed to ensure adequacy of testing. Test procedures are derived from the test plan and detail each test to ensure completeness, adequacy, repeatability and coverage of testing. The Smart Integration & Test Manager will approve all test plans and test procedures prior to the commencement of testing. The test procedures will be executed by the Smart team responsible for the product and witnessed by the Integration & Test Manager. The results of the tests will be captured in the test report. The test report will clearly identify the sub-system that has been accepted. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 132 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description A sub-system will only be accepted when there are no major defects identified during the testing. A limited number of minor defects which do not affect the operational capability of the simulator may exist when a sub-system is accepted, provided an agreed close out plan is provided for the rectification of the minor defects. 17.1.6 System Integration Upon successful completion of all the sub-system, the system integration commences. The integration testing is an informal process, focussing on integrating each of the sub-system incrementally and validating the behaviour and integrity of the system. Integration plans will be prepared during the design phase of the system. These plans will briefly describe the process and checks to integrate the sub-systems into the system. Once the system integration is complete, system inspection and test is ready to commence. The responsibility for the integration testing of the system rests with the Integration & Test Manager. The Integration & Test Manager will review the integration plans prior to the commencement of integration. Upon the completion of the sub-system integration, the Integration & Test Manager will conduct a readiness review with the project design authority prior to entering the formal inspection and test of the system. The readiness review will consider any outstanding known defects. Providing there are no major defects and only a small number of minor defects logged, the Inspection & Test will commence. 17.1.7 System Inspection & Test Upon successful completion of the readiness review held at the completion of the sub-system integration, the system will be presented for inspection and test. These tests will include tests for new functionality, as well as regression tests, for previously delivered functionality. The system inspection and test will form a milestone that once completed, will allow Smart to present the simulator to CLIENT for acceptance. The Smart test engineers will execute the test procedures, with assistance from others as required. The results of the tests will be captured in the test report. The Smart Integration & Test Manager will approve all test reports. 17.2 System Acceptance Once Smart has completed the acceptance testing, Smart will offer the simulator for acceptance to CLIENT. 17.2.1 Certificate of Compliance Upon the successful completion of the System Acceptance Testing, Smart will complete a Certificate of Compliance. The Certificate of Compliance will identify the following: • confirmation that Smart considers that the simulator complies with the requirement of the contract; • confirmation that Smart considers that the simulator is in a suitable condition to enter the service of CLIENT; • a list of the minor defects or incomplete work if any, accompanied by a close-out plan including dates for rectification or completion; and • the signature of the Smart Project Manager. 17.2.2 Test Scripts The scripts for all acceptance and regression tests are documented and tracked within with traceability back to the requirements being tested. 17.2.3 Test Records The records for all acceptance and regression tests are documented and tracked within the testing form, located in the Testing database. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 133 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description All records of all inspections and tests, including routine, type and commissioning tests that are performed by Smart or its subcontractors and suppliers to provide objective evidence that the simulator complies with the specification requirements will identify: • serial numbers of the equipment inspected/tested in the case of hardware where applicable; • drawing numbers of the equipment inspected/tested where applicable; • product identification number and version number of each software item inspected/tested; • the date of the inspection/test; • results of the inspection/test identifying the actual measured values of each parameter where applicable; and • the testing officer that certified the results. 17.3 System Test Environment Formal testing will occur at the following sites: • Smart Offices, Lithuania • Consignee sites in an order to be finalized. 17.4 Pre Factory Acceptance Testing SMART will test the Cab Simulator in its workshop in Lithuania. This system level testing includes the majority of simulation components. 17.4.1 Participating Organisations Smart is responsible for Smart Office, Lithuania (Sub-system) testing and will provide the personnel to perform testing. Project development teams will conduct the system tests. These tests will be conducted in accordance with controlled and reviewed test procedures. The tests will be witnessed by the Smart I&T Manager. 17.5 Factory Acceptance Testing Smart will test the Cab Simulators, and a sub-set of the final combined systems during the factory acceptance testing. Formal system testing of the cab simulators will take place in Lithuania. These tests will be conducted in accordance with controlled and reviewed test procedures. The end users may witness these tests. 17.6 Installation and Site Acceptance Testing Upon completion of the Factory acceptance testing, Smart will package, ship and install the simulators at the Consignee Simulator Centres according to the project plan. At this point, the simulators will be made ready on-site. Once this has been performed, Smart will conduct formal site installation testing to: a) verify that the simulators are ready for end user acceptance testing; and b) verify site specific components not specifically tested during the Factory Acceptance Tests. The tests may include test scripts produced by end users. End users may participate in site acceptance testing. This process will be repeated for the all components of the simulators. Note that the delivery of the components of the simulators, in particular the different cab simulator, will necessitate multiple site installation and acceptance testing session. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 134 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 17.7 Test Identification 17.7.1 Test levels Two levels of formal test are identified a) System b) Sub-system 17.7.2 Test classes The following classes of test are identified: Class Description Function Shows compliance with the required behaviour of the entity Input range Shows compliance with the specified valid range of inputs of operator devices and external interfaces including response to erroneous and out-of-range values. Output range Shows compliance with the specified valid range of output display devices and external interfaces. Capacity Shows compliance with requirements for capacity of system resources such as database storage Timing Shows compliance with characteristics that define system response to inputs from operators and external interfaces. Performance Shows compliance with numerically defined behavioural characteristics. 17.7.3 Planned test Stages A cycle of internal pre-FAT tests is planned, followed by any necessary rework. The customer Factory Acceptance Test follows. After this the simulators are sent to installation at the Consignee Simulator Centres. A final full Site Acceptance Test then occurs. Pre-FAT Testing This is Smart internal testing, in preparation for FAT. Testing is documented, so that if faults are identified, they can be tracked and resolved. Testing cycles do not need to be comprehensive – that is, individual test can be skipped. Customer representatives are not present. Cab Simulator Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) Objective To test the majority of modified and new software configuration items and hardware configuration items, in the context of the cab simulator. Both acceptance and regression tests will be performed. Level System Class(es) Function; input range; output range Method(s) Inspection, Demonstration Data recording None Constraints None Location Smart, Lithuania, Workshop SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 135 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Cab Simulator Site Acceptance Tests (SAT) Objective To test the majority of modified and new software configuration items and hardware configuration items, in the context of the cab simulators. Both acceptance and regression tests will be performed. Level System Class(es) Function; input range; output range Method(s) Inspection, Demonstration Data recording None Constraints None Location Consignee Facility 17.7.4 Configuration Items breakdown Hardware Testing Coverage Items FAT1 SAT1 Drivers Cab 1 Hardware Yes Yes Vision System Yes Yes PC processors Yes Yes Cab Simulator Instructor Hardware No Yes Technician Station Hardware No Yes Motion system hardware Yes Yes Software Items FAT SAT Simulation Management Console Yes Yes SMC Power Menu Yes Yes Train Model Yes Yes Safety Model Yes Yes World Model - UNIGINE Yes Yes Sound Engine Yes Yes Audio Module Yes Yes Scripting Engine Yes Yes Logging (as required for debugging) Yes Yes Virtual e-Train (inc. PT Audio) Yes Yes Reporting Yes Yes Driver’s Information display Yes Yes Vision Yes Yes Forward Yes Yes Side/Rear (if included) Yes Yes Logging & Replay Yes Yes Communications (as required for debugging) Yes Yes Track Graphics No Yes Motion system controls SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 136 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 17.7.5 Tests and Test Reports A Test Report will be produced for each completed Simulator. Typically a test report will cover a complete system or a top-level hardware or software configuration item. The Simulators Verification Cross-Reference Index details the requirements and cross-references the test report document that demonstrates compliance. The Test Report will call up one or more Test Specifications that detail the test, and the test steps to be undertaken. 17.7.6 Test Schedule The test schedule will be incorporated in the Program Schedule, which is a deliverable to the Client as part of the project documentation. The planned dates for the testing are not reproduced here. These dates are to be controlled as part of the project schedule. 17.7.7 Requirements Traceability The formal requirements for the Simulator project are documented in the Project Product Statement, the relationship between tests and requirements are documented and tracked within the Test Plan. Priorities for the requirements are recorded, using the categorisation as agreed. 17.7.8 Non-Compliance Rectification Due to the complex nature of Rail Simulation and the reliance on many part and data inputs from the Customer and 3rd parties, it is probable that some specified functions will not be finalised at SAT. These are prioritised according to the agreed method in reference [6] Simulator Service Level Agreement. Specified functionality that is not accepted at a SAT test shall be rectified according to its priority. A Critical or Major failure that is rectified in the SLA time-frames shall be considered as a pass. It is not expected that there should be any Critical or Major failures during SAT, but it is quite possible considering that new equipment is being used. Critical or Major failures that prevent the success SAT are the sole criteria for a failure of SAT and the need to re-schedule testing of the specific functionality before SAT can be approved. Minor failures cannot prevent use in training and so shall be rectified as per the SLA or according to an agreed plan that allows training use. These may not delay acceptance of SAT or allow application of LDs but may justify a part-delay of payment of final milestones. Software Defects are minor in nature and likely related to placement of graphical objects or minor fault procedure functions and are often caused by late or incomplete data. As such they will not justify application of any damages or delays and the Supplier shall be obligated to correct them only if their non-compliance can be proven using the data originally supplied during the project. An Acceptance Certificate shall state any non-compliances and serves as a binding commitment by the Supplier to rectify them in a reasonable timeframe. 17.7.9 Definitions Informal test A test planned and conducted by the developer as part of the unit development activity Formal test A test planned and directed by the Integration & Test Manager SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 137 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 18 TRAINING Smart Simulators offer a highly intuitive user interface and powerful drag and drop tools to make it easy to get training scenarios ready quickly. Our process for training will provide experienced Driver Trainers with simulator knowledge and experience to build Scenarios and run Training Sessions to meet their company training objectives. 18.1 Essential inputs Our process will give users the required knowledge of Simulator use and functions. Client company Master Driver Trainers are responsible for ensuring that Scenarios are built that meet their specification and the Training Needs of the company. For OEM-supplied new train simulators this is the responsibility of both the OEM and Client Operator. 18.2 Training is built into the process The Smart simulator delivery process incorporates client training scenarios and content early in the development: See the diagram on the next page for the flow as described below. Test Scenarios are derived from the client’s training curriculum to confirm the requirements for Scenarios and these are used as test scripts for Unit Testing. Gaps identified in this process are reconciled against the initial Requirements Matrix and these are clarified and updated. When the Instructor Software is in a suitable draft integrated state, a Soft -Simulator (See PC Console Simulator in Section 4) is delivered to test layouts and functionality on a function-by-function basis. It also serves as a tool to test and accept the Virtual Railway as it nears completion. This initial process is used to bring a Master User and/or Master Trainer up to competence with Simulator operation and functionality at the earliest stage. This will identify and reconcile further gaps between the Requirements as stated and those actually needed for training. As the simulator is nearing completion, direct training sessions with users are captured and stored as Structured Data that is stored in an online Training Resource and updated with video and documentation about each function. This is a joint resource – the Trainers can use it to update their understanding of the functions and create their own Scenario guidelines. This data store serves as the basis for an Intelligent Help and Helpdesk system. The Structured Data is used as a resource for User Training by the Simulator team but is available for operational training by the client Trainers. Where applicable, AI-powered Intelligent Agents can be used to drive interactive question-answer and other advanced uses of the Structured Data stored in the system. These assets are used and updated during the 90-day Hypercare period to account for the many functions that will be corrected and updated as the client Training Team re-test functions and align them with their actual training needs. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 138 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 103. Training elements in the Delivery process 18.3 Train the Trainer With the tools above, we expect the Client will keep a Master Trainer competent with the system so they can provide Train the Trainer services post-delivery. This is essential as all companies have turnover and skill-fade in their Trainer staff and will need to train new starters and refresh others. Training days of 1-2 days are most effective and can be planned with the client team depending on simulator availability, budget, location and number of trainees. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 139 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 18.4 User Training Resources Smart will maintain the web-server tool for the Intelligent Help and Helpdesk as part of its ongoing Support and Maintenance SLA. 18.5 Deep-Dive Instructor Courses – 1 week Some organisations run larger cohorts of Trainers through advanced Simulator training sessions. Competence in use of a Simulator should not be confused with competence as a Railway Driver Trainer. We can provide a custom training course to fit in the broader training needs of the operator – either as a deliverable of a new Simulator delivery, or working with the Learning & Development department staff to deliver a joint course supported by simulators. For these to work, the training must be led by qualified Driver Trainers knowledgeable about the company’s rolling stock and procedures. Smart can support with Simulator technical use during a normal delivery or can arrange a qualified trainer as an option. An example program used for a large facility with full cabs, motion systems and large classrooms of procedural trainers is given below. Example Course overview SESSION NO & TOPIC TIMING RESOURCES REQUIRED ASSESSMENT METHOD (ON/OFF JOB) Introduction and 10 mins Facilitator Guide N/A Housekeeping Participant Workbook Day 1 6.5 hrs Facilitator Guide Simulator activity Using the simulator Participant Workbook Simulator user guide Day 2 6.5 hrs Facilitator Guide Simulator activity and Simulator management Participant Workbook assessment and scenario Simulator user guide development Day 3 6.5 hrs Facilitator Guide Simulator activity and Procedural trainer and Participant Workbook assessment managing exercises Simulator user guide Day 4 6.5 hrs Facilitator Guide Simulator activity and Scenario build Participant Workbook assessment Simulator user guide Day 5 6.5 hrs Facilitator Guide Simulator activity and Capstone exercise Participant Workbook assessment Simulator user guide Review and Assessment ( Note: * indicates assessment is delivered throughout the program) Course Review and 30 mins Class set of Course Evaluation Simulated activities Evaluation forms incorporating role playing Day 1 Introduction and using the simulator Name of Trains Simulator Training Date/s of Course: course: Start User Manual & Teaching Session No: Finish Time Name of Session Time References: methodology Prelim & 8.00am 8.15am N/A N/A Safety Brief 1 8.15am 8.55am N/A N/A 2 9.00am 9.40am N/A N/A Break 9.40am 10.00am N/A N/A SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 140 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Safety Brief, Intro Presentation 3 10.00am 10.40am N/A and Scoping and discussion Overview: Presentation 4 10.45am 11.25am Description of UM Section 2 and discussion, Simulator demonstration Instructor facilities Presentation 5 11.30am 12.10pm & Peripheral UM Section 3 and discussion, Equipment demonstration Lunch 12.10pm 1.00pm N/A N/A System start-up and shut-down & 6 1.00pm 1.40pm UM Section 4 Demonstration Session Control – Run a session Preview a route, UM Section 4, 7 1.45pm 2.25pm run a session, Demonstration 5.5, 6.5 Saving sessions Break 2.25pm 2.35pm N/A N/A Radio and CCTV 8 2.35pm 3.15pm UM Section 6.9 Demonstration Controls Practice and Role- Sim Scenario Practice on 9 3.20pm 4.00pm Play Briefing Tool simulator Day 2 Simulator management and scenario development Name of Train Simulator Training Date/s of Course: course: Session No: Start Time Finish Time Name of Session User Manual & Teaching References: methodology Prelim & 9.00am 9.15am Safety Brief, Recap N/A Review, Safety Brief of Yesterday, questioning, Questions, Overview discussion of Day 2 1 9.15am 9.55am Understanding Sections 5.1 – Presentation, simulator 5.4 & 5.7 discussion management, User Management 2 10.00am 10.40am Building Scenarios Sections 5.5, Presentation & Customising 5.6 and discussion, Trains demonstration Break 10.40am 11.00am N/A 3 11.00am 11.40am Scenario Building Section 5.5 & Demonstration Exercise 1 5.6 and practical session 4 11.45am 12.25am Scenario Building Scenario Demonstration Exercise 1 Overview and practical continued Template session Lunch 12.25am 1.30pm N/A 5 1.30pm 2.10pm Scripted Events, Section 7.1 – Presentation triggers, Feature 7.4 and State Linking demonstration 6 2.15pm 2.55pm Scenario Building Practical Exercise 2 session Break 2.55pm 3.05pm N/A 7 3.05pm 3.45pm Faults, overrides Scenario Presentation and events Overview and Template demonstration SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 141 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 8 3.45pm 4.25pm Faults Exercise 1 UM Appendix B Practical session 9 4.25pm 5.00pm Faults Exercise UM Appendix B Practice on Contd simulator Day 3 Procedural trainer and managing exercises Name of Trains Simulator Training Date/s of Course: course: Session No: Start Time Finish Name of Session User Manual & Teaching Time References: methodology Prelim & 9.00am 9.15am Safety Brief, Recap N/A Review, Safety Brief of Days 1 & 2, questioning, Questions, Overview discussion of Day 3 1 9.15am 9.55am Using the Procedural Presentation, Trainer discussion 2 10.00am 10.40am Procedural Trainer Presentation Exercise and discussion, demonstration, practical Break 10.40am 11.00am N/A 3 11.00am 11.40am Procedural Trainer Practical Exercise continued session 4 11.45am 12.25am Managing Other Um Section 7.5 Presentation Trains and demonstration Lunch 12.25am 1.30pm 5 1.30pm 2.10pm Managing Other N/A Practical Trains Exercise session 6 2.15pm 2.55pm Replay a session & UM Section Presentation Post Run Analyser 4.3.3 & 5.7.3 and demonstration Break 2.55pm 3.05pm 7 3.05pm 3.45pm Data Storage and Presentation Maintenance and demonstration 8 3.45pm 4.25pm Simulator use and Presentation Target Audience, and Learning Outcomes, demonstration Performance Criteria 9 4.25pm 5.00pm Homework Exercise Practice Intro (Scenario session on Design and Learning simulator Outcomes Day 4 Scenario build and scoring Name of Train Simulator Training Date/s of Course: course: Session No: Start Time Finish Name of Session User Manual & Teaching Time References: methodology Prelim & 9.00am 9.15am Safety Brief, Recap N/A Review, Safety Brief of Days 1 - 3, questioning, Questions, Overview discussion of Day 4 SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 142 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 1 9.15am 9.55am Scoring Scheme and UM Section Presentation, Scoring Parameter 5.7.7 & 5.7.8 discussion Management 2 10.00am 10.40am Scoring Scheme and Presentation Scoring parameter and discussion, Management demonstration, continued practical Break 10.40am 11.00am N/A 3 11.00am 11.40am Presentation and Practical Discussion of presentation, Homework Exercise Facilitator discussion, questioning 4 11.45am 12.25am Scenario and Presentation Scoring Scheme and Design demonstration Lunch 12.25am 1.30pm 5 1.30pm 2.10pm Scenario Build, Test N/A Practical and Briefing Tools session Preparation 6 2.15pm 2.55pm Scenario Build, Test Practical and Briefing Tools session Preparation Break 2.55pm 3.05pm 7 3.05pm 3.45pm Scenario Build, Test N/A Practical and Briefing Tools session Preparation 8 3.45pm 4.25pm Scenario Build, Test Practice and Briefing Tools session on Preparation simulator 9 4.25pm 5.00pm Scenario Build, Test Practice and Briefing Tools session on Preparation simulator Day 5 Capstone exercise Name of Trains Simulator Training Date/s of Course: course: Session No: Start Time Finish Name of Session User Manual & Teaching Time References: methodology Prelim & 9.00am 9.15am Safety Brief, Recap N/A Review, Safety Brief of Days 1 - 4, questioning, Questions, Overview discussion of Day 5 1 9.15am 9.55am Capstone Exercise Presentation and discussion, demonstration, practical 2 10.00am 10.40am Capstone Exercise Practical and role playing Break 10.40am 11.00am N/A 3 11.00am 11.40am Capstone Exercise Practical and role playing 4 11.45am 12.25am Capstone Exercise Practical and role playing Lunch 12.25am 1.30pm 5 1.30pm 2.10pm Capstone Exercise N/A Practical and role playing SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 143 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 6 2.15pm 2.55pm Capstone Exercise Practical and role playing Break 2.55pm 3.05pm 7 3.05pm 3.45pm Debrief and N/A Discussion and Discussion questioning 8 3.45pm 4.25pm N/A 9 4.25pm 5.00pm N/A SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 144 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Support 19 SUPPORT PLAN Our strategy for Support is structured to allow for a future where simulator training facilities are easier to scale, modify and share trains and routes between locations. There are 4 primary levels of after-development service planned for: 1) Warranty - deliver your simulator facilities as specified and respond to hardware and system failures within a certain time. 2) Maintenance – keep our products running by proactively maintaining them and managing latent defects and functional improvements over an extended period. Includes extension of Warranty cover. 3) Obsolescence Support – design our systems to minimise the cost of obsolescence and then either upgrade out-of-date systems after 6-10 years operation, or steadily implement planned upgrades during the maintenance period. 4) Enhancement – make our systems easy to enhance without reducing reliability, either in planned projects of various size, or as part of an annual rolling subscription. In this document, we will limit our scope to 1 and 2 – Warranty and Maintenance. The other items, Obsolescence Support and Enhancement are open for discussion if need be. 19.1 Service Scope The scope of this service applies to Warranty and Maintenance for the simulator facilities listed below. Note these are in addition to the existing simulators, which have their own support proposal out of the scope of this ITT. Location Facilities Any UK or Regional Location Simulators per the scope of this Specification PC hardware, Network & IT Services Managed by Smart remotely PCs as supplied under this Specification Remote Support Facilities SMART 4G Link and VPN TeamViewer access enabled Administrator access on supported PC 19.2 Warranty & Maintenance Service Overview Our Simulator Project and Product Structure integrates the Support Process as the final stage of a delivery project, incorporating the Warranty period and Maintenance and Extended Warranty periods. Our Maintenance Service is an annual service and billable annually in advance, pro-rata depending on actual install dates and agreed anniversaries. Through the life cycle of a Simulator project the equipment has initial OEM warranties that may apply, and these are included in the initial purchase price. The Support pricing for the first 3-12 months covers increased support and training, familiarisation, and cover for latent issues. In following years, the Support service covers Hardware and IT warranties as well as uncommon events and preventive maintenance. Latent software issues should be very uncommon after the initial period of 3-12 months. The terms of this contract are suggested in the Service Level Agreement (SLA) as attached. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 145 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 19.3 Warranty & Maintenance Services The Support Process defines a series of Support Activities, most of which are delivered in the Warranty & Maintenance Service: 19.3.1 SLA Management and Reporting Figure 104. Support Process Our Maintenance Manager will work with the client’s Account Manager and ultimately our Operations Director to provide active monitoring of the simulators and measure performance against the criteria in the SLA. This performance is reported Quarterly or otherwise as agreed. Additional planning and strategic issues are also tracked and managed as described in the SLA. 19.3.2 Level 1 Helpdesk and First-line Response The first measure of the SLA is our Response to a support event and the time taken to respond remotely, on-site or otherwise as appropriate. The Level 1 Helpdesk will perform Triage on any events and coordinate the activities of on-site responders (from our team or the client’s) to resolve most issues and keep the equipment available for training. Administration and User Training for the Simulators includes the main procedures to support First Level support and to conduct Disaster Recovery Procedures. 19.3.3 Level 2/3 Support In the event of a more serious problem, our specialist technical team may be involved to trouble-shoot and resolve problems that cannot be addressed by the Level 1 Helpdesk. Level 2 is where specialist knowledge is required to solve a problem. To support this, we maintain a remote link to the simulators that allows our team to access, control and make changes on the simulators. CLIENT IT Helpdesk will be involved at this stage if the fault is Preventive Maintenance A schedule of Preventive Maintenance activities is provided in Administration and User Training for the client’s designated First- line staff to conduct on a regular basis. These include Software, Hardware and Facilities Maintenance Tasks. Our team will also make 2 annual visits to check on these and conduct other Preventive Maintenance tasks and updates. 19.3.4 Updates Our team will provide Updates as necessary to address Latent Defects or essential updates to the operating systems of the simulators. These will often be implemented remotely out-of-hours by our team to facilitate testing after the fact. 19.3.5 Backups & Disaster Recovery In the event of a major disruption that requires Recovery of the systems our team will support the on-site client First-line support staff and provide on-site support if appropriate. In the event of a Disaster Recovery our teams will work together to do what is necessary and appropriate to restore services. These may require negotiation with client DR policies and Insurance requirements, depending on the nature of event. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 146 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 19.4 Warranty & Maintenance Costs Software Maintenance costs are primarily based on the management of complexity, and the recovery of those systems in the case of a data corruption or other major event – Disaster Response (DR). Software does not change or wear out over time and so does not bring the inevitable risk of failure that Hardware typically does. Software problems are either rare, random events or result from outside interference by users or developers (e.g. unforeseen consequences of changes). Latent defects and content errors should have been worked out of the system during the Testing, Training and initial Support period. Hardware Maintenance costs are more predictable and are addressed by design for reliability, redundancy, preventive maintenance, and a responsive user first-line support and supplier Helpdesk team. 19.5 System Availability Simulator systems are built for high availability, although their complexity introduces many single points of failure. As a result, any one simulator is designed for an availability level of 95%. To achieve higher levels, we must consider the use of extra simulators to provide redundancy, thus significantly increasing cost, perhaps unnecessarily. By focusing on the fact that the simulators are primarily required for Driver Training, we can degrade other functions to provide ‘work-arounds’ that keep training going at the expense of some functionality. One example would be the fact that our Instructor Console can also be used as a Driver Simulator. In the event of a screen failure it would be possible to quickly re-configure the Driver and Instructor Consoles to allow the Driver to continue training on the Instructor unit, and the Instructor to either use the Driver console or share the Instructor Console. For this reason, we have found it more meaningful to reflect Response Times in our SLA rather than a theoretical ‘Availability’ Score. Procedures and Workarounds in response to potential failures can be included in training but will be advised by the Helpdesk in the event of a failure. 19.6 Target Availability We will maintain our simulator systems to 95% availability levels. 19.7 Support Office Locations We support our simulator installations in Europe and Asia directly through our Regional Support Centres which are directly controlled, and through partnerships with established local companies who support us both in major projects and in ongoing technology support. Our cloud-based Helpdesk is staffed and monitored from both offices in Derby, UK; and offers Level 1, 2 & 3 services and supports reporting and analytics for Account Managers in all countries. We work with Engineering service partners in the UK to support on-site response across the UK, with staff in London, Cardiff, Derby and the North. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 147 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 19.8 Augmented Support Concept Each simulator facility can be equipped with remote access tools to allow Instructors and on-site staff to work hands-free with our Support Team to identify and resolve issues. This will support single link-to-click support calls and ‘WISIWYS’ What I see Is What You See handsfree calling over our network to an expert support resource. Our experience has shown these increase first-time-fix rates while reducing the time taken to resolve an issue. Where on-site attendance is required, we support rapid response for Critical Failures in the UK by next-day where practical (and safe). 19.9 Minor Changes It is a common concern that complex products such as simulators cost a lot for minor upgrades. We have a Change Policy with guidance for Day-rates and typical time required for common changes. In many cases, the Instructors can make changes of their own under supervision by the Support Team. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 148 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 20 WARRANTY 20.1 Warranty Scope We and our supporting contractors will warrant our Simulator Hardware, Software and supporting services against Failure for 24 calendar months from the date of Site Acceptance on a per-simulator per-site basis. This ensures that all our equipment is covered for 24 months useful operation but acknowledges that delivery may be staggered or delayed for some locations and options. For COTS hardware procured in the UK, a local 24-month back-to-back warranty with the OEM will be provided. For hardware procured outside the UK we will budget spares and manage OEM warranties. 20.2 Operating Life Expectation CLIENT have requested that simulator equipment be designed for a 20-30-year operating life. This reflects the design and choice of parts for the Train Cabin equipment and Instructor consoles. Our Simulator Cabins and Consoles are always built to this expectation using robust materials and manufacturing methods. COTS IT equipment has an expected functional life of 6-10 years, with a ‘technology refresh’ being typical for Simulators every 7-10 years to minimise the chance for failures disrupting operations. We will deliver a design that minimises the future impact and costs of Technology Refresh but these should still be planned by year 9 of operation. Operating system upgrades come under our commitment to ‘maintain at current standard’ as part of an annual Maintenance Service. 20.3 Extending the Warranty A simulator that is covered under our Maintenance Service automatically has an extended Warranty. An accounting for fair Wear and Tear will be made on certain high-use components and these may be excluded or require an extra cover payment to maintain cover. 20.4 Warranty Team We are committed to the UK Rail Industry and will be investing in our local support infrastructure in the coming years. From August 2021 our support team will be as follows: 20.4.1 Level 1 Support & Account Management. For initial call triage and rapid response we will operate a rota of Level 1 Helpdesk supported by a regional Account Manager. 20.4.2 Level 2 & 3 Support For hands-on electrical/mechanical support we will coordinate between our factory and local teams, along with client staff trained for on-site interventions, Software support will be coordinated from Head Office by the Support Manager reporting directly to the CEO Alex Levcuk. 20.5 Warranty Process & Flowchart Our Warranty Process is covered by our Service Level Agreement and is an integral part of our Maintenance Reporting and response process. This is described in Section 3 in more detail but an overview flow is included here. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 149 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description If not fixed, Issue is Issue is recorded and Issue Identified escalated to Level 2 update for reporting or on-site support Issue raised through Level 2 Issues are online portal, direct Issue is resolved 1st logged and team acts link AR call, Teams call, 1st time to resolve the issue to chat, Whatsapp or a SLA or better call Longer term Issues AR Call, remote Level 1 Helpdesk are managed at Teamviewer session Triages issue Account level and or other diagnostics planned 20.6 Warranty Reporting & Documentation Warranty documentation will be integrated with our regular Maintenance reporting, an outline of which is provided in Section 4 Functional and configuration tracking is maintained in an online Product Management system that allows realtime tracking of features and status. These will be integral in any Functional Warranty tracking and reporting system. Reporting is delivered in real-time with CLIENT able to access a secure web-report that gives up-to-date status on Diagrams, Issues Lists, key report items – in an agreed format, Figure 105. Functional Mapping is updated in real-time SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 150 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 106. Customer online portal SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 151 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Figure 107. Issue Requests and Functional Planning Reporting SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 152 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 153 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 21 SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENT 21.1 Service Overview We are a supplier of bespoke solutions that are developed to meet specific customer needs. Our solutions usually involve support obligations where latent software defects and hardware failures need to be rectified. We differentiate ourselves on our service and consequently the effective and efficient execution of our warranty obligations is paramount to our ongoing success. 21.2 Definitions Maintenance is the process of keeping a developed solution in an existing “as-built” state. It encompasses the reactive repairs and preventative actions needed to maintain the solution in a constant operational state. Obsolescence Support is the process of maintaining a customer’s delivered solution so that it avoids obsolescence. It includes hardware refresh programs and the augmentation of product line software to ensure that the customer’s solution is of an appropriate current standard for the customer’s configuration, free of defects, maintainable and can be readily enhanced. Enhancement is the process of modifying the functionality of a customer’s “as built” solution to improve its usefulness to that customer. Failures are generally statistically random faults where simulator components do not perform as designed. Hardware is the operating platform on which the simulator operates. Software is the software provided by us and specifically written, configured or integrated with other third- party software products. Operating system products and device drivers are generally classed as Hardware. Defects are faults inherent in the design or implementation of the simulator procedures, hardware or software Latent Defects are those design faults in a system that exist upon acceptance but do not become visible to either the Customer or us until sometime after acceptance. These may be unreliable hardware issues or software bugs. Workarounds are agreed procedures that can be followed to quickly reduce or remove the impact of a problem, allowing normal or degraded use of a simulator. First Line Maintainer can perform maintenance tasks (beyond those normally specified for Users) and is trained and authorised by us to improve response times for fixing problems and putting in workarounds. Warranty is the period where failed equipment and systems can be repaired/replaced by the supplier OEM under the initial purchase price. This will expire at some time during the early stages of the Support Agreement and can be Extended under the Agreement. Support and Extended Warranty is the period after delivery where solutions are Maintained, Latent Defects corrected and, where applicable, Maintained as part of the original supply contract. Help Desk is a service that may be contracted where users of the Customer’s delivered solution may contact us experts for advice on how to use and apply the solution. Ongoing Updates Program is an integrated offering from us where Maintenance, Obsolescence Support and Enhancements are rolled together into a package with a prepaid enhancement budget as well as capped maintenance and upgrade costs but the flexibility to apply any unexpended maintenance and support effort towards additional enhancements. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 154 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 21.3 Support Philosophy Our solutions are valuable and important assets to the Customer. Minimum disruption to their scheduled use is desirable. While hardware failures and events such as data corruptions may inevitably occur, these will be relatively infrequent events. More frequently, especially in the period immediately following customer acceptance, maintenance will be related to the rectification of latent defects, particularly in the software. Hardware failures and system corruption will typically have an immediate effect on use and should be resolved as soon as possible. The formally required response times will be outlined in the contractual documents, but as a rule, we will always aim to minimise customer downtime. The goal of this type of maintenance activity is to return the system to the condition it was in before the failure or corruption, not to correct any latent defects or to improve system performance. It is assumed that after customer acceptance, and the commencement of the warranty period, that no Category One defects exist, i.e. those that prevent the use of the delivered system for its intended purpose. Thus, software errors will, in general, not be of a critical nature requiring immediate emergency rectification but able to be managed in a controlled release strategy. Each customer will have an assigned Account Manager, and each maintenance project will have an assigned Maintenance Manager. The Maintenance Manager is responsible for obtaining all of the resources required to rectify any failures or defects, coordinating these resources to close out the reported issues and maintaining the status accounting of these issues. The Account Manager is responsible for liaising with the customer to ensure that they are satisfied with the support supplied, provide an escalation mechanism and to negotiate any enhancements needed. The Account Manager may draw upon support from the Maintenance Manager and their technical resources, but they are responsible for maintaining the relationship. The escalation path for internal problems impacting on the quality of maintenance given is the Maintenance Manager, in the first instance, followed by the Account Manager and ultimately our Operations Director. Operations Director Maintenance Account Manager Manager SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 155 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 21.4 Services Scope: We normally provide the following services under the conditions of this Sample Service Level Agreement: • Maintenance Services for the Simulators at installed sites and all associated computer systems that make up the Simulators. These services will maintain the performance of the Simulators to the agreed Service Level Standards and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) • Intended use for the Simulators. The Simulators are used primarily for the Training of Drivers by the Customer. There-fore the critical components of the simulators are those which support the functionality of Driver Training, requiring more flexibility in the use of the simulators, allowing more use of workarounds. • Account Management and Reporting Services. The Supplier and the Customer will actively manage, prioritise and agree the conduct of activities to maximise the value gained by the Customer from their Simulators. 21.5 Maintenance Services 21.5.1 Preventive Maintenance and Visits We will provide bi-annual Preventive Maintenance visits to the facility and perform the tasks agreed in the Maintenance Plan. 21.5.2 Customer First-Line Maintenance It may be agreed that the Customer will provide a level of advanced First-Line Maintenance that can perform many technical and problem-solving tasks that improves the response times to problems. The Supplier agrees to provide information, procedures and training where practical to enable this higher level of service. 21.5.3 Problem Reporting An online problem reporting system shall be established for each customer project that has ongoing warranty and maintenance obligations. This system shall be used to track, manage and report progress on all customer reported problems. 21.5.4 Fix Hardware Failures Hardware failures, including data corruption, should be rectified as soon as practicable after their report. A full build configuration should be maintained for each delivered system identifying the nature and source of all spares. Spares holdings should be maintained as agreed in the Maintenance Plan to ensure that contractual repair times can be met. 21.5.5 Warranty This Agreement constitutes an extended Warranty. Any fixes, enhancements or upgrades conducted under this Agreement will be warranted against failure for the duration of the Agreement. 21.5.6 Spare Parts Spare parts are classified as in-scope or out-of-scope broadly as follows: 1. Cab Parts or other Train-related spare parts that are normally held by the customer for operations are considered out-of-scope unless heavily modified by us for use in the simulator. 2. Simulator in-scope parts are primarily IT-related and modified parts used by us exclusively for use in a simulator. We will maintain warranty on all parts where these can be purchased in the current market or will provide replacement parts when required on COTS parts where a warranty is not economical or will involve long lead times. These warranties will include the requirement to return parts to the factory for repair. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 156 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description Where parts will require longer times to repair than allowed in the Performance table then we and the Customer will agree a suitable Spares stock in the Maintenance Plan. These will be purchased by the customer and replenished when used at the Customer's cost including shipping. Obsolescence of parts will also be considered in the Plan. Parts held in stock should be sufficient to meet the Performance requirements. we may be excused from any penalty if a part has a long lead time and is not in-stock. 21.5.7 Software Bugs All software bugs should be fixed in a controlled release strategy through a number of prearranged upgrade deployments. The Maintenance Manager has responsibility for negotiating these with the Customer. A number of fixes should be rolled into a scheduled deployment. The fixes in each release should be clearly identified and the appropriate on-site testing strategy developed before deployment. Prior to their inclusion in a release, they should have been tested in the development environment so that a high degree of confidence in their suitability exists. Where issues remain, these should be discussed between the Customer and Maintenance Manager before deployment. During upgrade windows unrestricted access to the systems being upgraded will generally be required to apply the upgrade, test the fixes and obtain customer acceptance of the bug fixes. This will require customer involvement and no upgrade should be attempted without customer support and involvement for all these activities. Ad hoc changes to the system software should, generally, be avoided. This must be conducted in accordance with the Maintenance Plan. 21.5.8 Latent Defects Any remaining Latent Defects should be identified and clearly categorised as Software Defects which may or may not require action. Initially these will be regarded as Minor Problems until they are categorised. Any Latent Defects that are agreed by the Maintenance Manager and Customer to be reasonably required to be fixed should be scheduled in the next available upgrade. For avoidance of doubt, it is assumed that all serious Latent Defects are identified and resolved during testing and acceptance. Remaining Latent Defects are likely to be minor errors in CGI databases, train model functionality or software and to fix them would be an enhancement. Similarly, inaccuracies in input-data or changes made to the train/infrastructure during/after the development can cause training issues but are not defects. Other Latent Defects are likely to be caused by unreliable hardware which will need to be fixed as a Maintenance item if still under Warranty. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 157 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 21.6 Problem Categorisation Failures of the simulators to be available for assessment or training use will be categorised as follows: 21.6.1 Critical Failure Two simulators or more cannot be used due to a fault. The problem causes a critical impact on the essential operations of Customer, such as (without limitation) one or more users are not able to use the Simulators and the problem prevents driver assessment from taking place. No workaround is available. 21.6.2 Major Failure One simulator or more cannot be used due to a fault. One or more users cannot use important features of the Simulators and no reasonable workaround is available. The Simulator may be operational, but operation is functionally restricted, potentially allowing training but not assessment. 21.6.3 Minor Failure Important features of one Simulator are unavailable, but a workaround is available, or unimportant features are unavailable with no reasonable workaround. 21.6.4 Software Defect Latent Software defects that do not prevent the use of the simulator but may cause operator inconvenience or require a workaround. These defects require planned resolution to an agreed update schedule. 21.6.5 Guidelines for categorisation of Problems. All of the ‘Failures’ in a simulator system are by design normally caused by Hardware failures and only very rarely by Software after a system has been Accepted. All reported software problems should be categorised as Software Defects in the first instance. 21.6.6 Our response to Failures We offer a response to problems according to the following standards. All times are calculated from the time that the Customer initially informs us of the fault. These response times will be re-determined using the Reliability Analysis conducted during the Detail Specification Stage. These are offered as an example of a typical response regime. • Fault category means the type and priority of the fault as defined in Problem Categorisation • Maximum Allowable failures are the maximum number of failures expected in a 12-month period. • Initial Response time is the time in which we will respond following notification by telephone of the failure • On site Attendance is the expected time following initial response that our technician will be on-site to fix the problem • Work-around Solution is the time allowed to put a temporary solution in place from arrival on-location or from initial response if on-site is not required. This may require removal of some other functionality. • If there is no agreed workaround, the Supplier and the Customer will determine an appropriate solution as quickly as is practical. This may require a rapid commercial agreement between the Account Manager and Customer Manager if the repair cannot be done within the agreed terms or budget. • Permanent Correction or Fix means the time allowed following the Work around solution to put a final fix in place. Permanent Correction/Fix includes updates of documents and delivery of those documents. This may be extended on agreement if it is considered more suitable to implement a SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 158 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description planned fix with more testing or if the documentation would slow the delivery of the permanent solution. Maximum Initial On site Permanent Fault Work around failures per Response Attendance (if Correction/ Category Solution annum Time required) Fix Critical 4 working next working Within 1 5 working Failure 2 hours day working day days Within 2 working days Major 4 working 2 working (for an non PC 5 working Failure 5 hours days failure) days 1 working day (for a PC failure) Minor 2 working NA 1 week 2 weeks 4 weeks Failure days Software 2 working As agreed NA NA NA Defects days and planned 21.6.7 Around-the-clock action We agree to employ our best endeavours to exceed these limits to ensure the continuity of critical Customer operations. Where practical it will use local staff and its international facilities to accelerate response times and resolution times. 21.6.8 Help-Desk Smart will provide the Company’s contact a telephone hotline between the hours of 08:00 to 18:00 GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) and BST (British Summertime) as applicable Monday through Friday. The Telephone support number is 07412590188 or otherwise as advised in writing by us. 21.6.9 Public Holidays The service will not be available on local public holidays and subsequent such public local holidays through the period of the contract. It is assumed that the Customer operates on all Bank Holidays so during normal working hours the Contractor will endeavour to accommodate any emergency requests and to provide support on a case-by-case basis. 21.6.10 Travel & Sustenance All costs for attending the simulators for maintenance in any form shall be at our cost even if overnight accommodation or sustenance will be required. In the event where our technician undertakes planned travel but is prevented from performing the services the Customer, or the travel is deemed to have been avoidable if not for some failure or omission by the Customer, we may claim the costs in writing. Where simulator are distributed across the client network we request one travel pass to allow travel between sites. If more sites are added we may request one or more passes to allow staff from other sites to attend. 21.6.11 Key Customer Responsibilities The Customer shall assist us to maintain the simulators in the optimum condition for their specific business requirements. This activity shall serve as the basis for prioritisation of maintenance resources and enhancements during the term of this Agreement. SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 159 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description 21.6.12 Core Use of the simulator The Customer Simulators are scheduled to be available each between the hours of 08:00 and 18:00 Monday to Friday, less any agreed for planned maintenance. 21.6.13 Critical Components We will maintain a Maintenance Plan document with the assistance of the Customer that allows a clear understanding of the critical components of the Simulator. This will allow the Customer and us to allocate monitoring, spares and enhancement resources to those components most likely to seriously impact the core purpose of the simulators. 21.6.14 User Skills and Training The Customer commits to keeping its User documentation, scenario descriptions and other procedures to a standard that allows the productive use of the simulators. We will provide agreed documentation and training for the First Line Maintainer nominated by the Customer to perform agreed on-site support tasks and workarounds. 21.7 Maintenance Services 21.7.1 Maintain at current standard Maintain the simulator at the current release of our software appropriate for the customer’s simulator configuration - this will be managed through upgrades at a minimum annually, where known bugs will be fixed and compatibility to evolving IT hardware and operating systems maintained. Implement reliability improvements. 21.7.2 International, 24 hour resources Our engineering team will use non-operating hours where practical to perform updates and fixes to ensure minimum impact to the Customer’s operations. 21.7.3 Strategic technical roadmap and planning Provide support in allocating a Principal Engineer to attend the simulator location or otherwise as the Customer requires to a minimum of once a year to discuss formal functional enhancements in the simulator and its products and to also disclose Smart’s ongoing developments. 21.7.4 Coordination with our User Group Coordinate and communicate new developments within the User Group and internationally to offer opportunities to pool resources and share technologies between the Customer and interested TOCs, subject to relevant customer IPR and confidentiality restrictions (if any). 21.7.5 Account Management and Reporting Services Regular communication with customers throughout the warranty and maintenance period is essential to maintain a good relationship and to identify enhancement opportunities. 21.7.6 Maintenance Plan and documentation Our team and the Customer will maintain a First Line Maintenance document and a Maintenance Plan that will cover the following specific parts: • Agreed workarounds and procedures for critical failures • Spares required to meet performance targets • Skills required of the Customer • Tasks required of the Customer • Maintenance tasks required of us • Annual plans for upgrades SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 160 of 163 Commercial in Confidence Smart General Simulator Description • Plus other issues identified but not specified in this document. 21.7.7 Maintenance Reviews A quarterly outstanding issues report shall be prepared by the Maintenance Manager outlining the closure statistics of all reported failures, software bugs and enhancements as well as the status of all open reports. As a minimum this report shall include: • identification of the problem and the date it was reported; • the status of the problem resolution as either; • in analysis, rectified and awaiting deployment, deployed, closed or future enhancement; and • a description of the root cause of the problem and solution as appropriate. • An updated Maintenance Plan detailing planned upgrade windows for the next 12 months The relevant Maintenance Manager shall be responsible for conveying this report to the customer and discussing its contents. 21.7.8 Issue Escalation Issues will be resolved using the following order: 1. Issue reporting and resolution through the Helpdesk, then 2. Reporting and resolution through the Maintenance Manager and Account Manager, then 3. Escalation to our Director, then 4. Arbitration SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA 161 of 163 22 MAINTENANCE PLAN This Maintenance Plan will be developed and finalised with the client subject to specification and scope. 22.1 Maintenance Plan and documentation The Maintenance Plan and Documentation is maintained by: Name Title Role 22.2 Skills required of the Customer We will train Instructors and Expert Users in the following No Skill Role Training Level 22.3 Maintenance Tasks required of the Customer No Task Frequency Training / Documentation 22.4 Maintenance tasks required of Smart/Smart 22.4.1 Maintenance task list No Task Frequency Who 22.4.2 Patching and Release Schedule No Patch / Release Frequency Who 22.4.3 Annual plans for upgrades Sim Software is highly independent of the specific Windows configuration. The current configuration should remain stable for the foreseeable future while Win 10 is used. And probably beyond. No Upgrade Frequency 22.5 Spares required to meet performance targets Most IT components are COTS and so are available for replacement within 2-3 days if ordered in the UK for delivery to site. Items below are longer lead times and/or are sourced outside the UK or may have modifications required. Failures are very low probability but high impact. A small stock of spares would suit a larger installation. Redundancy in consoles the best insurance. No Item Modification Priority Workaround? Spares Stock Price 22.6 Agreed workarounds and procedures for critical failures This needs some discussion with the Trainers during next Training session to see how they would adjust training to certain failures. No Failure Mode Workaround Status Request for Review – Procurement 284958 To: Public Procurement Review Committee Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Estonia Suur-Ameerika 1, 10122 Tallinn, Estonia [Via Riigihangete Register or other applicable channel] Date: 9 May 2025 Teema: Taotlus ülevaatamiseks – SMART Simulators Limited pakkumise tagasilükkamine hanke 284958 raames Hanke pealkiri : " Mitmefunktsionaalse raudteesõiduki simulaatori ost – Tallinna Tehnikakõrgkool " Lugupeetud Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjoni liikmed , SMART Simulators Limited nimel esitan austavalt taotluse ülevaatamiseks seoses hankija otsusega 29. aprillil 2025 meie pakkumise tagasilükkamise kohta RHS § 115 lg 8 alusel , viidates " ebamõistlikult madalale hinnale ". Me väidame , et see otsus põhines valedel eeldustel ja puudulikul tõendite ja selgituste kaalumisel , mida me esitasime . Austavalt palume komisjonil otsust üle vaadata järgmistel põhjustel : Täielik vastavus nõuetele ja läbipaistev selgitus Meie pakkumine tunnistati vastavaks RHS § 114 lg 1 alusel . Vastuseks hankija päringutele esitasime selged ja üksikasjalikud selgitused meie QA dokumentides ( viited : SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC , Scope 250221 RevA ja General Description 250217 RevA ). Need sisaldasid : Meie konkurentsivõimelise hinna põhjendust , toetatud kulude viidetega ja võrreldavate paigaldustega (UK, Gruusia , EL). Meie tarnimise ja renoveerimise mudeli üksikasju – rõhutades kulutõhusust olemasoleva simulaatori laua taaskasutamise ja kohapealse kokkupaneku tõttu Tallinnas või Leedus , vältides kulukat rahvusvahelist transporti . Seda toetab ka dokumenteeritud fakt , et meie direktor ja peamine aktsionär on leedulane . Selgitus , et rajatised hangitakse või renditakse vastavalt vajadusele pärast lepingu sõlmimist , järgides meie tüüpilist projektiseadistuse protsessi . Peamise varustuse kulude selgitus , sealhulgas liikumisplatvormide jaemüügihind avalikel tarnijate veebilehtedel , kinnitades meie pakkumist . Palun vaadake [ https://motionsystems.eu/products/]( https://motionsystems.eu/products/) Meilt ei küsitud täiendavaid toetavaid arveid ega hinnajaotusi peale juba esitatute . Olime valmis ja jääme valmis neid esitama ametliku päringu korral . Tagasilükkamise põhjenduse valed eeldused Hankija näib olevat järeldanud , et kinnitatud töökoha aadressi puudumine tähendab peamiste koostude rahvusvahelist transporti . See on ebatäpne ja meie selgitusdokumentides selgelt ümber lükatud . Nagu märgitud , loome tavaliselt ajutisi kohalikke rajatisi vastavalt projekti asukohale ega kanna rahvusvahelisi transpordikulusid eeldatud viisil . Lisaks eeldus , et konkreetsete simulaatorielementide (nt liikumisplatvormi ) kulud olid alahinnatud , ei arvesta avalikult kättesaadavat jaemüügihinda ja meie sisearenduse ja hanketõhususe kulueelist . Näidatud tehniline üleolek ja tarnimisvõimekus Oleme järjekindlalt näidanud kõrgemat graafilist realismi ja süsteemi küpsust kui teised pakkujad – teave , mis oli hankijale kättesaadav avalike dokumentide ja meie viidete kaudu . Meie praeguste UK klientide (nt Avanti West Coast , EMR) varasema töö tulemuslikkuse kontrollimiseks ei võetud samme , hoolimata võimalusest seda teha otseülekande või viitekõnede kaudu . Konkurentsivõimeliste pakkumiste lai erinevus peegeldab spetsifikatsiooni ebaselgust , mitte pakkumise riski Saadud pakkumised ulatuvad alla 300 000 eurost üle 3 miljoni euroni . See äärmuslik erinevus viitab mõne tarnija raskustele tehnilise spetsifikatsiooni tõlgendamisel , mis peaks ajendama lähemalt kaaluma väärtust ja realismi , mitte automaatselt kõige konkurentsivõimelisema pakkumise välistamist . Taotlus heastamiseks : Seetõttu palume : RHS § 115 lg 8 alusel tehtud tagasilükkamisotsus tühistada . Hankijale antaks juhis küsida täiendavaid dokumente , mida nad peavad vajalikuks meie hinnapõhjenduse kinnitamiseks . SMART Simulators Limited taastataks hanke 284958 hindamisprotsessis . Austavalt palume komisjonil kaaluda kaasnevat dokumentatsiooni ja seda kirja meie ametliku kaebusena . IN English Subject: Request for Review – Rejection of Tender by SMART Simulators Limited in Procurement 284958 Procurement Title: "Purchase of a Multifunctional Railway Vehicle Simulator – Tallinn University of Applied Sciences" Dear Members of the Public Procurement Review Committee, On behalf of SMART Simulators Limited, I respectfully submit this request for review concerning the decision made by the Contracting Authority on 29 April 2025 to reject our tender submission under RHS § 115 lg 8, citing an “unreasonably low price.” We contend that this decision was based on incorrect assumptions and incomplete consideration of the evidence and clarifications we provided. We respectfully request that the Committee review the decision, based on the following grounds: 1. Full Compliance with Requirements and Transparent Clarification Our offer was accepted as compliant under RHS § 114 lg 1. In response to requests from the Contracting Authority, we provided clear, detailed clarifications in our QA documents (refs: SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC, Scope 250221 RevA, and General Description 250217 RevA). These included: - Justification for our competitive pricing, supported by cost references and comparable installations (UK, Georgia, EU). - Details on our delivery and refurbishment model—highlighting cost efficiency due to the reuse of an existing simulator desk and localized reassembly at sites such as Tallinn or Lithuania, avoiding costly international shipping. This is further supported by the documented fact that our Director and main Shareholder is Lithuanian. - Clarification that facilities will be procured or rented as needed once the contract is awarded, following our typical project setup process. - A clear explanation of main equipment costings, including the retail price of motion platforms available on public supplier websites, validating our offer. Please refer to https://motionsystems.eu/products/ At no point were we asked for additional supporting invoices or pricing breakdowns beyond those already supplied. We were prepared and remain willing to provide these upon formal request. 2. Incorrect Assumptions in Rejection Rationale The Contracting Authority appears to have inferred that the absence of a confirmed workshop address implies international shipment of major assemblies. This is inaccurate and was clearly refuted in our clarification documents. As noted, we routinely establish temporary local facilities based on project location and do not incur international shipment costs in the manner assumed. Further, the assumption that the cost of specific simulator elements (e.g., the motion platform) was understated fails to consider the public retail pricing available and the cost advantage of our in-house development and procurement efficiencies. 3. Demonstrated Technical Superiority and Delivery Capability We have consistently demonstrated higher graphical realism and system maturity than the other bidders—information that was available to the Authority through public documentation and our references. No steps were taken to verify or validate our past performance with our current UK clients (e.g., Avanti West Coast, EMR), despite the feasibility of doing so through live demonstration or reference calls. 4. Wide Disparity in Competing Bids Reflects Specification Ambiguity, Not Bid Risk The bids received range from under €300,000 to over €3 million. This extreme variance suggests difficulty by some suppliers in interpreting the technical specification, which should prompt closer consideration of value and realism, not automatic exclusion of the most competitive bid. Request for Redress: We therefore request that: 1. The rejection decision under RHS § 115 lg 8 be annulled. 2. The Contracting Authority be directed to request any additional documentation they consider necessary to confirm our price justification. 3. SMART Simulators Limited be reinstated in the evaluation process for procurement 284958. We respectfully request the Committee to consider the accompanying documentation and this letter as our formal appeal. Yours faithfully, Paul Williamson Solution Architect SMART Simulators Limited Contact: +44 07412 590 188 | Email: [email protected] Mr Ian Duffy Director SMART Simulators Limited Contact: +44 07525 725 370 | Email: [email protected] Attachments: - SMART Estonia QA 250317 RevC - SMART Estonia Scope 250221 RevA - SMART Gen Desc Talinn 250217 RevA - Rejection Notice (Riigihanke 284958) - Supporting Emails / Clarifications from Riigihangete Register From: Riigihangete register <[email protected]> Sent: 09 May 2025 14:13 To: Paul Williamson Subject: Uus s�num riigihankes 284958 Teile on riigihangete registris uus teade: Riigihanke 284958 "Raudteeveeremi multifunktsionaalse simulaatori ostmine (Tallinna Tehnikak�rgkool)" raames on saadetud teade: Lugupeetud pakkuja Hankija on teinud 09.05.25 otsuse RHS � 104 lg 8 alusel j�tta edukas pakkuja Sim Factor S.A. k�rvaldamata, sest edukal pakkujal ei esine RHS � 95 lg 1 ega RHS � 95 lg 4 kohast hankemenetlusest k�rvaldamise alust. Hankija on teinud 09.05.25 otsuse riigihangete seaduse � 98 lg 5 ja � 104 lg 8 alusel kvalifitseerida edukas pakkuja Sim Factor S.A., sest ta tehniline ja kutsealane p�devus vastab hanke alusdokumentides s�testatud kvalifitseerimise tingimustele. K�esoleva otsuse peale on �igus esitada vaidlustus riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjonile. Riigihangete seaduse � 189 alusel peab vaidlustus olema laekunud vaidlustuskomisjonile k�mne p�eva jooksul alates p�evast, kui vaidlustaja sai teada v�i pidi teada saama oma �iguste rikkumisest v�i huvide kahjustamisest, kuid mitte p�rast hankelepingu s�lmimist. Lugupidamisega Hankiaj esindaja Dear Tenderer On 09.05.25, the contracting authority has made a decision pursuant to Section 104 subsection 8 of the Public Procurement Act not to exclude the successful tenderer Sim Factor S.A., because the successful tenderer does not have grounds for exclusion from the procurement procedure pursuant to Section 95 subsection 1 or Section 95 subsection 4 of the Public Procurement Act. On 09.05.25, the contracting authority has made a decision pursuant to Section 98 subsection 5 and Section 104 subsection 8 of the Public Procurement Act to qualify the successful bidder Sim Factor S.A., because its technical and professional competence meets the qualification requirements set out in the basic procurement documents. You have the right to file a complaint against this decision with the Public Procurement Complaints Committee. Pursuant to Section 189 of the Public Procurement Act, the complaint must be received by the Complaints Committee within ten days from the day on which the party contesting the case became aware or should have become aware of the violation of its rights or the damage to its interests, but not after the conclusion of the procurement contract. Sincerely Representative of the contracting authority Teadet saab lugeda registris hanke t��lehel Teabevahetus - S�numid pakkujale. https://riigihanked.riik.ee/rhr-web/#/procurement/7863727/communication/message/962853 https://riigihanked.riik.ee/rhr-web/#/settings/users/my-notifications?notificationId=23659196 See on automaatteavitus. Palume sellele kirjale mitte vastata. ________________________________ K�esolev e-kiri v�ib sisaldada asutusesiseseks kasutamiseks tunnistatud teavet. Kui te ei ole selle kirja adressaat, palun v�tke �hendust saatjaga ning kustutage e-kiri arvutist. 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